Olfactory systems across mosquito species

Cell and Tissue Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 383(1), С. 75 - 90

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

There are 3559 species of mosquitoes in the world (Harbach 2018) but, so far, only a handful them have been focus olfactory neuroscience and neurobiology research. Here we discuss mosquito anatomy function connect these to ecology. We highlight least well-known thus most interesting aspects systems promising future directions. hope this review will encourage insect community work more broadly across instead focusing narrowly on main disease vectors.

Язык: Английский

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Fruitless mutant male mosquitoes gain attraction to human odor

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2020

The Aedes aegypti mosquito shows extreme sexual dimorphism in feeding. Only females are attracted to and obtain a blood-meal from humans, which they use stimulate egg production. fruitless gene is sex-specifically spliced encodes BTB zinc-finger transcription factor proposed be master regulator of male courtship mating behavior across insects. We generated mutant mosquitoes showed that males failed mate, confirming the ancestral function this behavior. Remarkably , also gain strong attraction live human host, wild-type never display, suggesting possess central or peripheral neural circuits required host-seek removing reveals latent males. Our results highlight an unexpected repurposing male-specific control one module female-specific blood-feeding deadly vector infectious diseases.

Язык: Английский

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A Linkage-Based Genome Assembly for the Mosquito Aedes albopictus and Identification of Chromosomal Regions Affecting Diapause

Insects, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(2), С. 167 - 167

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2021

The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasive vector mosquito of substantial public health concern. large genome size (~1.19–1.28 Gb by cytofluorometric estimates), comprised ~68% repetitive DNA sequences, has made it difficult to produce a high-quality assembly for this species. We constructed high-density linkage map Ae. albopictus based on 111,328 informative SNPs obtained RNAseq. then performed linkage-map anchored reassembly AalbF2, the produced Palatini et al. (2020). Our reassembled sequence, AalbF3, represents several improvements relative AalbF2. First, AalbF3 1.45 Gb, almost half Furthermore, contains higher proportion complete and single-copy BUSCO genes (84.3%) aligned RNAseq reads that concordantly single location (46%). demonstrate utility using as reference bulk-segregant-based comparative genomics analysis identifies chromosomal regions with clusters candidate putatively associated photoperiodic diapause, crucial ecological adaptation underpinning rapid range expansion climatic A. albopictus.

Язык: Английский

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Dehydration Dynamics in Terrestrial Arthropods: From Water Sensing to Trophic Interactions

Annual Review of Entomology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 68(1), С. 129 - 149

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2022

Since the transition from water to land, maintaining balance has been a key challenge for terrestrial arthropods. We explore factors that allow arthropods survive within variably dry world and how they shape ecological interactions. Detection of hydration is critical content. Efficient regulation internal content accomplished by excretory osmoregulatory systems intake loss. Biochemical physiological responses are necessary as declines prevent repair damage occurs during dehydration. Desiccation avoidance can occur seasonally or daily via move more favorable areas. Dehydration its have impacts extend beyond single species alter trophic As climate changes, evolutionary processes will be survival drought.

Язык: Английский

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Discrete roles of Ir76b ionotropic coreceptor impact olfaction, blood feeding, and mating in the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles coluzzii

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(23)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Significance Chemosensory systems play crucial roles across mosquito life cycles, with underlying molecular receptors often forming functional complexes that require cognate coreceptors. To better understand chemosensory pathways in the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii , gene editing were used to localize and functionally characterize ionotropic receptor coreceptor AcIr76b . Expression of was observed antennal grooved pegs, coeloconic sensilla, other accessory olfactory appendages. When inactivated, mutant mosquitoes displayed altered neuronal responses amines.. Beyond phenotypes, mutants display significantly impaired mating blood feeding capabilities. Our data reveal discrete pathways, suggesting as targets for design control strategies.

Язык: Английский

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BiteOscope, an open platform to study mosquito biting behavior

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2020

Female mosquitoes need a blood meal to reproduce, and in obtaining this essential nutrient they transmit deadly pathogens. Although crucial for the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, feeding remains poorly understood due technological limitations. Indeed, studies often expose human subjects assess biting behavior. Here, we present biteOscope, device that attracts host mimic which bite obtain an artificial meal. The is transparent, allowing high-resolution imaging mosquito. Using machine learning, extract detailed behavioral statistics describing locomotion, pose, biting, dynamics Aedes aegypti, albopictus, Anopheles stephensi, coluzzii . In addition characterizing patterns, discover common insect repellent DEET repels upon contact with their legs. biteOscope provides new perspective on mosquito feeding, enabling high-throughput quantitative characterization lethal

Язык: Английский

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Non-Canonical Odor Coding in the Mosquito

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2020

SUMMARY Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are a persistent human foe, transmitting arboviruses including dengue and yellow fever when they bite us to obtain blood meal. Mosquitoes intensely attracted human-emitted body odor, heat, carbon dioxide, which detect using three different large multi-gene families encoding odor-gated ion channels. Genetic mutations that cause profound disruptions the olfactory system have modest effects on attraction, suggesting significant redundancy in odor coding. The canonical view is sensory neurons each express single chemosensory receptor defines its ligand selectivity. Using immunostaining, RNA situ hybridization, nucleus sequencing, we discovered uses an entirely organizational principle, with many co-expressing multiple genes. In vivo electrophysiology demonstrates broad ligand-sensitivity of mosquito due this non-canonical co-expression. afforded by co-express receptors chemical sensitivity may greatly increase robustness explain our longstanding inability engineer new compounds disrupt detection mosquitoes.

Язык: Английский

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Development of a pan-neuronal genetic driver in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Cell Reports Methods, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1(3), С. 100042 - 100042

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2021

The recent development of neurogenetic tools in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is beginning to shed light on the neural basis behaviors that make this species a major vector human disease. However, we still lack pan-neuronal expression driver-a key tool provides genetic access all neurons. Here, describe our efforts fill gap via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in reporters broadly expressed genes and report generation two strains, Syt1:GCaMP6s strain expresses synaptically localized GCaMP brp-T2A-QF2w driver can be used drive amplify any effector Q binary system. Both manipulations uniformly label nervous system with only modest effects behavior. We expect these strains facilitate neurobiological research Ae. document both successful failed as roadmap for similar other non-model species.

Язык: Английский

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Vector Specificity of Arbovirus Transmission

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2021

More than 25% of human infectious diseases are vector-borne (VBDs). These diseases, caused by pathogens shared between animals and humans, a growing threat to global health with more 2.5 million annual deaths. Mosquitoes ticks the main vectors arboviruses including flaviviruses, which greatly affect humans. However, all tick or mosquito species not able transmit viruses, suggesting important molecular mechanisms regulating viral infection, dissemination, transmission vectors. Despite large distribution arthropods (mosquitoes ticks) arboviruses, only few pairings (family, genus, population) viruses genotype) successfully transmit. Here, we review factors that might limit pathogen transmission: internal (vector genetics, immune responses, microbiome insect-specific coinfections) external, either biotic (adult larvae nutrition) abiotic (temperature, chemicals, altitude). This will demonstrate dynamic nature complexity virus-vector interactions help in designing appropriate practices surveillance prevention reduce VBD threats.

Язык: Английский

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Peripheral and central employment of acid-sensing ion channels during early bilaterian evolution

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Nervous systems are endowed with rapid chemosensation and intercellular signaling by ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs). While a complex, bilaterally symmetrical nervous system is major innovation of bilaterian animals, the employment specific LGICs during early evolution poorly understood. We therefore questioned animals’ acid-sensing (ASICs), that mediate fast excitatory responses to decreases in extracellular pH vertebrate neurons. Our phylogenetic analysis identified an earlier emergence ASICs from overarching DEG/ENaC (degenerin/epithelial sodium channel) superfamily than previously thought suggests were innovation. broad examination ASIC gene expression biophysical function each lineage Xenacoelomorpha, Protostomia, Deuterostomia earliest probably expressed periphery, before being incorporated into brain as it emerged independently certain deuterostomes xenacoelomorphs. The loss peripheral cells Ecdysozoa after they separated other protostomes likely explains their ASICs, thus absence model organisms Drosophila Caenorhabditis elegans . Thus, our use diverse bilaterians investigation LGIC offers unique hypothesis on evolution.

Язык: Английский

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