Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
43(23), С. 4352 - 4364
Опубликована: Май 9, 2023
Cognitive
demand
is
thought
to
modulate
two
often
used,
but
rarely
combined,
measures:
pupil
size
and
neural
α
(8-12
Hz)
oscillatory
power.
However,
it
unclear
whether
these
measures
capture
cognitive
in
a
similar
way
under
complex
audiovisual-task
conditions.
Here
we
recorded
power
(using
electroencephalography),
while
human
participants
of
both
sexes
concurrently
performed
visual
multiple
object-tracking
task
an
auditory
gap
detection
task.
Difficulties
the
tasks
were
manipulated
independent
each
other.
Participants'
performance
decreased
accuracy
speed
with
increasing
demand.
Pupil
increased
difficulty
for
In
contrast,
showed
diverging
dynamics:
parietal
task,
not
Furthermore,
difficulty,
within-participant
trial-by-trial
fluctuations
negatively
correlated
Difficulty-induced
changes
power,
however,
did
correlate,
which
consistent
their
different
cognitive-demand
sensitivities.
Overall,
current
study
demonstrates
that
dynamics
neurophysiological
indices
associated
effort
are
multifaceted
potentially
modality-dependent
Journal of Sleep Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
33(4)
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023
Light
triggers
numerous
non-image-forming,
or
non-visual,
biological
effects.
The
brain
correlates
of
these
non-image-forming
effects
have
been
investigated,
notably
using
magnetic
resonance
imaging
and
short
light
exposures
varying
in
irradiance
spectral
quality.
However,
it
is
not
clear
whether
responses
estimation
may
be
biased
by
having
sequential
blocks,
for
example,
through
a
potential
carryover
effect
one
onto
the
next.
We
reasoned
that
pupil
reflex
was
an
easy
readout
could
used
to
address
this
issue.
characterised
sustained
13-16
healthy
young
individuals
under
during
three
distinct
cognitive
processes
(executive,
emotional
attentional).
conditions
pseudo-randomly
alternated
between
monochromatic
orange
(0.16
melanopic
equivalent
daylight
illuminance
lux)
polychromatic
blue-enriched
white
different
levels
(37,
92,
190
lux).
As
expected,
higher
associated
with
larger
each
domain.
This
result
stable
over
sequence
compared
lower
ones.
Exploratory
frequency-domain
analyses
further
revealed
more
variable
levels.
Importantly,
varied
across
tasks
independently
condition,
pointing
impact
history
and/or
context
on
reflex.
Together,
our
results
emphasise
contribution
adaptation
retinal
photoreceptors
influence
therefore
potentially
their
correlates.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
41(4), С. 111534 - 111534
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2022
Behavioral
flexibility
is
the
ability
to
adjust
behavioral
strategies
in
response
changing
environmental
contingencies.
A
major
hypothesis
field
posits
that
activity
of
neurons
locus
coeruleus
(LC)
plays
an
important
role
mediating
flexibility.
To
test
this
hypothesis,
we
developed
a
tactile-based
rule-shift
detection
task
which
mice
responded
left
and
right
whisker
deflections
context-dependent
manner
exhibited
varying
degrees
switching
behavior.
Recording
spiking
from
optogenetically
tagged
LC
at
millisecond
precision
during
performance
revealed
prominent
graded
correlation
between
baseline
flexibility,
where
higher
following
rule
change
was
associated
with
faster
new
rule.
Increasing
optogenetic
activation
accelerated
improved
performance.
Overall,
our
study
provides
evidence
reveal
link
Autism Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(12), С. 2250 - 2264
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022
A
growing
body
of
research
suggests
that
locus
coeruleus-norepinephrine
(LC-NE)
system
may
function
differently
in
individuals
with
autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD).
Understanding
the
dynamics
both
tonic
(resting
pupil
diameter)
and
phasic
(pupil
dilation
response
[PDR]
event-related
potential
[ERP])
indices
provide
meaningful
insights
about
nature
LC-NE
ASD.
Twenty-four
children
ASD
27
age-
nonverbal-IQ
matched
typically
developing
(TD)
completed
two
experiments:
(1)
a
resting
eye-tracking
task
to
measure
diameter,
(2)
three-stimulus
oddball
paradigm
responsivity
using
PDR
ERP.
Consistent
prior
reports,
our
results
indicate
exhibit
increased
reduced
(PDR
ERP)
activity
compared
their
TD
peers.
For
groups,
decreased
was
associated
diameter.
Lastly,
were
primarily
related
measures
attention-deficit/hyperactivity
(ADHD),
not
ASD,
symptomatology.
These
findings
expand
understanding
neurophysiological
differences
present
demonstrate
aberrant
activation
be
atypical
arousal
behaviorally-relevant
information
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
59(9), С. 2193 - 2207
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2023
Abstract
Pupil
size
covaries
with
the
diffusion
rate
of
cholinergic
and
noradrenergic
neurons
throughout
brain,
which
are
essential
to
arousal.
Recent
findings
suggest
that
slow
pupil
fluctuations
during
locomotion
an
index
sustained
activity
in
axons,
whereas
phasic
dilations
related
axons.
Here,
we
investigated
movement
induced
arousal
(i.e.,
by
singing
swaying
music),
hypothesising
actively
engaging
musical
behaviour
will
provoke
stronger
emotional
engagement
participants
lead
different
qualitative
patterns
tonic
activity.
A
challenge
analysis
data
is
turbulent
diameter
due
exogenous
ocular
commonly
encountered
motor
tasks
high
variability
typically
found
between
individuals.
To
address
this,
developed
algorithm
adaptively
estimates
removes
responses
events,
as
well
a
functional
methodology,
derived
from
Pfaffs'
generalised
arousal,
provides
new
statistical
dimension
on
how
can
be
interpreted
according
putative
neuromodulatory
signalling.
We
enhanced
cholinergic‐related
having
opportunity
move
your
body
while
performing
amplified
effect
Phasic
oscillations
execution
attenuated
time,
often
measure
sense
agency
over
movement.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
43(23), С. 4352 - 4364
Опубликована: Май 9, 2023
Cognitive
demand
is
thought
to
modulate
two
often
used,
but
rarely
combined,
measures:
pupil
size
and
neural
α
(8-12
Hz)
oscillatory
power.
However,
it
unclear
whether
these
measures
capture
cognitive
in
a
similar
way
under
complex
audiovisual-task
conditions.
Here
we
recorded
power
(using
electroencephalography),
while
human
participants
of
both
sexes
concurrently
performed
visual
multiple
object-tracking
task
an
auditory
gap
detection
task.
Difficulties
the
tasks
were
manipulated
independent
each
other.
Participants'
performance
decreased
accuracy
speed
with
increasing
demand.
Pupil
increased
difficulty
for
In
contrast,
showed
diverging
dynamics:
parietal
task,
not
Furthermore,
difficulty,
within-participant
trial-by-trial
fluctuations
negatively
correlated
Difficulty-induced
changes
power,
however,
did
correlate,
which
consistent
their
different
cognitive-demand
sensitivities.
Overall,
current
study
demonstrates
that
dynamics
neurophysiological
indices
associated
effort
are
multifaceted
potentially
modality-dependent
