Cyanobacteria newly isolated from marine volcanic seeps display rapid sinking and robust, high-density growth

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 90(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

ABSTRACT Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms that play important roles in carbon cycling and promising bioproduction chassis. Here, we isolate two novel cyanobacteria with 4.6Mbp genomes, UTEX 3221 3222, from a unique marine environment naturally elevated CO₂. We describe complete genome sequences for both isolates and, focusing on 3222 due to its planktonic growth liquid, characterize biotechnologically relevant biomass characteristics. outpaces other fast-growing model strains solid medium. It can double every 2.35 hours liquid medium grows high density (>31 g/L dry weight) batch culture, nearly of Synechococcus sp. PCC 11901, whose high-density was recently reported. In addition, sinks readily, settling more quickly than strains, suggesting favorable economics harvesting biomass. These traits may make compelling choice dioxide removal (CDR) Overall, find bio-prospecting environments CO₂ uncover CO₂-metabolizing IMPORTANCE provide potential avenue biomanufacturing combatting climate change via high-efficiency sequestration. This study identifies isolated geochemical describes their behavior biochemical composition. appear tractable research model, cultures made publicly available alongside information about culture maintenance. Application these sequestration and/or is discussed, including unusual, rapid characteristics the scaled culture.

Язык: Английский

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Intracellular dry mass density increases under growth-induced pressure

Open Research Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4, С. 231 - 231

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Cells that proliferate in confined environments develop mechanical compressive stress, referred to as growth-induced pressure, which inhibits growth and division across various organisms. Recent studies have shown these spaces, the diffusivity of intracellular nanoparticles decreases. However, physical mechanisms behind this reduction remain unclear. In study, we use quantitative phase imaging measure refractive index dry mass density Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells proliferating under confinement a microfluidic bioreactor. Our results indicate observed decrease could be attributed accumulation macromolecules. Furthermore, linear scaling between cell content pressure suggests concentrations macromolecules osmolytes are maintained proportionally such S. cerevisiae.

Язык: Английский

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Hsf1 and the molecular chaperone Hsp90 support a “rewiring stress response” leading to an adaptive cell size increase in chronic stress

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023

Abstract Cells are exposed to a wide variety of internal and external stresses. Whereas many studies have focused on cellular responses acute severe stresses, little is known about how systems adapt sublethal chronic Using mammalian cells in culture, we discovered that they mild stresses up two weeks, notably proteotoxic such as heat, by increasing their size translation, thereby scaling the amount total protein. These adaptations render them more resilient persistent subsequent We demonstrate Hsf1, well for its role stress responses, required cell increase, molecular chaperone Hsp90 essential coupling increase augmented translation. term this translational reprogramming “rewiring response”, propose protective process adaptation contributes get older, failure promotes aging.

Язык: Английский

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Direct quantification of unicellular algae sinking velocities reveals cell size, light, and nutrient-dependence

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

ABSTRACT Eukaryotic phytoplankton, also known as algae, form the basis of marine food webs and drive carbon sequestration when their biomass sinks to ocean floor. Algae must regulate vertical movement, determined by motility gravitational sinking, balance access light at surface nutrients in deeper layers. However, regulation sinking velocities remains largely unknown, especially motile species. Here, we directly quantify single-cell masses volumes calculate according Stokes’ law diverse clades unicellular microalgae. Our results reveal cell size, light, nutrient-dependency velocities. We identify dinoflagellate green algal species that increase velocity response starvation. Mechanistically, this increased is achieved photosynthesis-driven accumulation carbohydrates, which increases mass density. Moreover, correlate inversely with proliferation rates, mechanism regulating integrates signals from multiple nutrients. findings suggest composition environmental conditions contributes movement cells oceans. More broadly, our approach for measurements expands study supports modeling pump nutrient cycles.

Язык: Английский

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Gene expression in growing cells: A biophysical primer

arXiv (Cornell University), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Cell growth and gene expression, essential elements of all living systems, have long been the focus biophysical interrogation. Advances in single-cell methods invigorated theoretical studies into these processes. However, until recently, there was little dialog between two areas study. Most models for regulation assumed activity to be oblivious progression cell cycle birth division. But are numerous ways which periodic character cellular observables can modulate expression. The molecular factors required transcription translation increase number during cycle, but also diluted due continuous volume. replication genome changes dosage those same players provides competing targets regulatory binding. Finally, division reduces their again, so forth. Stochasticity is inherent biological processes, manifested fluctuations synthesis degradation new components as well random partitioning molecules at each notion expression stationary thus hard justify. In this review, we survey emerging paradigm cell-cycle regulated with an emphasis on global patterns rather than gene-specific regulation. We discuss recent experimental reports where were simultaneously measured individual cells, providing first glimpses coupling two. While findings, not surprisingly, differ among genes organisms, several emerged that attempt reconcile differences form a unifying framework understanding growing cells.

Язык: Английский

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