Ethical considerations for advancing research using organoid models derived from the placenta DOI Creative Commons
Olivier J. M. Schäffers, Joost Gribnau, Bas B. van Rijn

и другие.

Human Reproduction Update, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND The advent of organoid culture systems has revolutionized our ability to model and study complex tissues in vitro. placenta is one the last human organs have a functional developed: trophoblast organoids. These 3-dimensional structures, derived from placental tissue, offer researchers valuable tool for studying previously inaccessible processes that occur within womb play significant role determining health offspring. While primarily used research, organoids hold promise clinical applications, including prenatal diagnostics therapeutic interventions, both which may commercial interest. However, ensure research with models conducted responsibly, relevant ethics these need be addressed. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Ethical considerations related placenta, such as are important but remain unexplored literature. Therefore, goal this review explore ethical SEARCH METHODS Since there no specifically addressing date, we based findings on discussions other involving fetal or umbilical cord blood. We employed scoping method search PubMed, Embase, Medline (all), Bioethics Research Library, Google Scholar articles, books, correspondence issues regarding indicated topics, date limits. OUTCOMES can divided into three distinct categories. First, assess moral value organoids, their potential relational symbolic dimensions. Second, it understand associated ownership commercialization Last, appropriate informed consent procedures. It worth noting categories interconnected, second third being largely dependent attributed Future should perspectives various stakeholders, parents who donate tissue research. WIDER IMPLICATIONS This offers insights landscape surrounding derivation products pregnancies, further application, highlighting areas require attention discussion scientific community broader society. REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.

Язык: Английский

Safety and Efficacy of Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines in Pregnant Women: Insights from Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Integration of Viral Infection Dynamics DOI Creative Commons
Bárbara Costa, Maria João Gouveia, Nuno Vale

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(7), С. 782 - 782

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Addressing the complexities of managing viral infections during pregnancy is essential for informed medical decision-making. This comprehensive review delves into management key impacting pregnant women, namely Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus/Hepatitis C (HBV/HCV), Influenza, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). We evaluate safety efficacy profiles antiviral treatments each infection, while also exploring innovative avenues such as gene vaccines their potential in mitigating threats pregnancy. Additionally, examines strategies to overcome challenges, encompassing prophylactic therapeutic vaccine research, regulatory considerations, protocols. Utilizing advanced methodologies, including PBPK modeling, machine learning, artificial intelligence, causal inference, we can amplify our comprehension decision-making capabilities this intricate domain. narrative aims shed light on diverse approaches ongoing advancements, foster progress therapy improving maternal fetal health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Fetal MAVS and type I IFN signaling pathways control ZIKV infection in the placenta and maternal decidua DOI Creative Commons
Yael Alippe, Leran Wang, Reyan Coskun

и другие.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 221(9)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

The contribution of placental immune responses to congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) syndrome remains poorly understood. Here, we leveraged a mouse model ZIKV infection identify mechanisms innate restriction exclusively in the fetal compartment placenta. principally infected mononuclear trophoblasts junctional zone, which was limited by mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) and type I interferon (IFN) signaling mechanisms. Single nuclear RNA sequencing revealed MAVS-dependent expression IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) spongiotrophoblasts but not other cells that use alternate pathways induce ISGs. Ifnar1-/- or Mavs-/- placentas associated with greater adjacent immunocompetent decidua, heterozygous Mavs+/- Ifnar1+/- dams carrying immunodeficient fetuses sustained maternal viremia tissue than wild-type fetuses. Thus, MAVS-IFN fetus restricts zone trophoblasts, modulates dissemination outcome for both pregnant mother.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Decoding human placental cellular and molecular responses to maternal obesity and fetal growth DOI Creative Commons
Hong Jiang, Emilie Derisoud,

Denise Parreira

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Abstract Obesity poses risks to maternal health and increases the likelihood of short– long-term adverse pregnancy outcomes in offspring. The placenta, a key organ at maternal-fetal interface, responds obesity regulates fetal growth. To investigate molecular features physiological adaptation, we perform single-nuclei RNA-seq on human placentas compared transcriptomic profiles women with delivering appropriate-or large-for-gestational age (i.e., AGA LGA) babies those from normal-weight healthy controls babies. Commonness-score metric is developed identify responses attributable effects or We find hypoxia induction TNF-α signaling syncytiotrophoblasts, while receptor tyrosine kinases are down-regulated cytotrophoblasts irrespective Notably, that fine-tune PI3K-AKT MAPK cascade pathways underlies versus LGA. Hofbauer cells upregulate immunometabolic genes specifically LGA also express most ligands detected only Finally, use novel microfluidic organs-on-a-chip device fabricated for co-culturing adipose spheroids trophoblast organoids. This system recapitulates some syncytiotrophoblasts obesity, offering functionally relevant reductionistic study maternal-placental interaction. Our findings deconvolute cellular adaptation placenta overgrowth condition.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Human placental models for studying viral infections DOI Creative Commons
Charlène Martin, Mathilde Bergamelli, Hélène Martin

и другие.

Current Opinion in Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 71, С. 101454 - 101454

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Viral infections during pregnancy represent a major threat to maternal, fetal, and neonatal health outcome, with high risk of vertical transmission. It is therefore crucial understand the mechanisms underlying interaction between viruses placenta, which ensures communication maternal fetal compartments throughout pregnancy. Human placental models, both in vitro ex vivo, enable dissect detail these interactions. By studying viral entry, replication, immune responses within they ideal tools for analyzing effects various on outcomes. In addition, models serve as platforms evaluating diagnostic therapeutic approaches protect pregnant women their babies from infections. This review examines recent advances, main advantages limitations different human discusses potential improve our understanding virus-placenta interactions, thereby contributing improved health.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Ethical considerations for advancing research using organoid models derived from the placenta DOI Creative Commons
Olivier J. M. Schäffers, Joost Gribnau, Bas B. van Rijn

и другие.

Human Reproduction Update, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND The advent of organoid culture systems has revolutionized our ability to model and study complex tissues in vitro. placenta is one the last human organs have a functional developed: trophoblast organoids. These 3-dimensional structures, derived from placental tissue, offer researchers valuable tool for studying previously inaccessible processes that occur within womb play significant role determining health offspring. While primarily used research, organoids hold promise clinical applications, including prenatal diagnostics therapeutic interventions, both which may commercial interest. However, ensure research with models conducted responsibly, relevant ethics these need be addressed. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Ethical considerations related placenta, such as are important but remain unexplored literature. Therefore, goal this review explore ethical SEARCH METHODS Since there no specifically addressing date, we based findings on discussions other involving fetal or umbilical cord blood. We employed scoping method search PubMed, Embase, Medline (all), Bioethics Research Library, Google Scholar articles, books, correspondence issues regarding indicated topics, date limits. OUTCOMES can divided into three distinct categories. First, assess moral value organoids, their potential relational symbolic dimensions. Second, it understand associated ownership commercialization Last, appropriate informed consent procedures. It worth noting categories interconnected, second third being largely dependent attributed Future should perspectives various stakeholders, parents who donate tissue research. WIDER IMPLICATIONS This offers insights landscape surrounding derivation products pregnancies, further application, highlighting areas require attention discussion scientific community broader society. REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0