An ON-type direction-selective ganglion cell in primate retina
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
623(7986), С. 381 - 386
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2023
Abstract
To
maintain
a
stable
and
clear
image
of
the
world,
our
eyes
reflexively
follow
direction
in
which
visual
scene
is
moving.
Such
gaze-stabilization
mechanisms
reduce
blur
as
we
move
environment.
In
non-primate
mammals,
this
behaviour
initiated
by
retinal
output
neurons
called
ON-type
direction-selective
ganglion
cells
(ON-DSGCs),
detect
motion
transmit
signals
to
brainstem
nuclei
that
drive
compensatory
eye
movements
1
.
However,
ON-DSGCs
have
not
yet
been
identified
retina
primates,
raising
possibility
reflex
mediated
cortical
areas.
Here
mined
single-cell
RNA
transcriptomic
data
from
primate
identify
candidate
ON-DSGC.
We
then
combined
two-photon
calcium
imaging,
molecular
identification
morphological
analysis
reveal
population
macaque
retina.
The
morphology,
signature
GABA
(γ-aminobutyric
acid)-dependent
underlie
selectivity
are
highly
conserved
with
those
other
mammals.
further
ON-DSGC
human
presence
primates
highlights
need
examine
contribution
subcortical
normal
aberrant
gaze
stabilization
developing
mature
system.
Язык: Английский
Contrast Sensitivity of ON and OFF Human Retinal Pathways in Myopia
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
44(3), С. e1487232023 - e1487232023
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023
The
human
visual
cortex
processes
light
and
dark
stimuli
with
ON
OFF
pathways
that
are
differently
modulated
by
luminance
contrast.
We
have
previously
demonstrated
cortical
higher
contrast
sensitivity
than
the
difference
increases
range
(defined
as
maximum
minus
minimum
in
scene).
Here,
we
demonstrate
these
ON–OFF
differences
already
present
retina
retinal
responses
measured
electroretinography
more
affected
reductions
electroencephalography.
Moreover,
show
pathway
become
pronounced
myopia,
a
disorder
elongates
eye
blurs
vision
at
far
distance.
find
that,
axial
length
across
subjects,
less
responsive,
slower
response
latency,
sensitive,
effective
driving
pupil
constriction.
Based
on
results,
conclude
myopia
is
associated
deficit
function
decreases
ability
of
to
process
low
regulate
illuminance
bright
environments.
Язык: Английский
Transformation of Motion Pattern Selectivity from Retina to Superior Colliculus
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
44(20), С. e1704232024 - e1704232024
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024
The
superior
colliculus
(SC)
is
a
prominent
and
conserved
visual
center
in
all
vertebrates.
In
mice,
the
most
superficial
lamina
of
SC
enriched
with
neurons
that
are
selective
for
moving
direction
stimuli.
Here,
we
study
how
these
respond
to
complex
motion
patterns
known
as
plaids,
using
two-photon
calcium
imaging
awake
male
female
mice.
plaid
pattern
consists
two
superimposed
sinusoidal
gratings
different
directions,
giving
an
apparent
lies
between
directions
component
gratings.
Most
mouse
robustly
plaids
show
high
selectivity
but
not
its
components.
Pattern
seen
both
excitatory
inhibitory
especially
prevalent
response
large
cross
angles
However,
retinal
inputs
ambiguous
their
versus
motion.
Modeling
suggests
can
arise
from
nonlinear
transformation
converging
inputs.
contrast,
prevalence
primary
cortex
(V1).
These
results
demonstrate
interesting
difference
V1
processing
reveal
important
site
encoding
Язык: Английский
Asymmetries in the Architecture of ON and OFF Arbors in ON–OFF Direction‐Selective Ganglion Cells
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
533(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Direction
selectivity
is
a
fundamental
feature
in
the
visual
system.
In
retina,
direction
independently
computed
by
ON
and
OFF
circuits.
However,
advantages
of
extracting
directional
information
from
these
two
independent
circuits
are
unclear.
To
gain
insights,
we
examined
ON–OFF
direction‐selective
ganglion
cells
(DSGCs),
which
recombine
signals
both
Specifically,
investigated
dendritic
architecture
neurons
with
premise
that
asymmetries
will
provide
insights
into
function.
Scrutinizing
dendrites
dye‐filled
DSGCs
reveals
arbors
substantially
denser.
The
increase
density
can
be
primarily
attributed
to
higher
branching
seen
arbors.
Further,
analysis
previously
published
serial
block‐face
electron
microscopy
dataset
revealed
denser
packed
more
bipolar
synapses
per
unit
length.
These
suggest
DSGC
preferentially
magnifies
synaptic
drive
pathway,
potentially
allowing
it
encode
distinct
pathway.
Язык: Английский
Distinct Developmental Programs Displayed by the Xenopus Tadpole Accessory Optic System and Retinotectal Projection
Developmental Neurobiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
85(3)
Опубликована: Май 8, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
retinotectal
projection,
the
direct
synapse
between
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
of
eye
and
tectal
neurons
optic
tectum,
is
a
major
component
amphibian
visual
system.
A
model
circuit
formation,
this
projection
has
been
studied
in
detail.
There
are,
however,
other
retinorecipient
targets
that
also
comprise
system
such
as
pretectum
ventral
midbrain
tegmentum.
Understanding
how
these
components
form
function
will
lead
to
more
comprehensive
understanding
system,
whole,
assembles
functions.
Toward
aim,
here
we
describe
functional
development
Xenopus
tadpole
accessory
(AOS),
synaptic
connection
RGC
axons
basal
nucleus
AOS
highly
conserved
across
vertebrates.
It
functions
sensory
side
optokinetic
optomotor
reflexes,
compensatory
body
movements,
respectively,
stabilize
scene
organism
moves
through
it.
Using
an
isolated
brain
preparation
whole‐cell
electrophysiological
approaches,
compared
projection.
We
found
two
retinofugal
projections
display
distinct
developmental
programs,
which
appear
mirror
their
different
Retinotectal
synapses
moved
dynamic
phase
previously
described
NMDA
receptor‐dependent
refinement,
process
known
sharpen
retinotopic
map
thereby
acuity.
In
contrast,
appeared
stable
activity
independent
development,
indicative
hardwired
circuit,
built
support
reflexive
behaviors.
Язык: Английский
Asymmetric retinal direction tuning predicts optokinetic eye movements across stimulus conditions
eLife,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 17, 2023
Across
species,
the
optokinetic
reflex
(OKR)
stabilizes
vision
during
self-motion.
OKR
occurs
when
ON
direction-selective
retinal
ganglion
cells
(oDSGCs)
detect
slow,
global
image
motion
on
retina.
How
oDSGC
activity
is
integrated
centrally
to
generate
behavior
remains
unknown.
Here,
we
discover
mechanisms
that
contribute
encoding
in
vertically
tuned
oDSGCs
and
leverage
these
findings
empirically
define
signal
transformation
between
output
vertical
behavior.
We
demonstrate
contrast-sensitive
asymmetric
for
types
prefer
opposite
directions.
These
phenomena
arise
from
interplay
spike
threshold
nonlinearities
differences
synaptic
input
weights,
including
shifts
balance
of
excitation
inhibition.
In
behaving
mice,
neurophysiological
observations,
along
with
a
central
subtraction
outputs,
accurately
predict
trajectories
across
stimulus
conditions.
Thus,
tuning
competing
sensory
channels
can
critically
shape
Язык: Английский
Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related deficits in calcium clearance promote neuronal dysfunction that is prevented by SERCA2 gene augmentation
Cell Reports Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 101839 - 101839
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Tau P301S Transgenic Mice Develop Gait and Eye Movement Impairments That Mimic Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024
Abstract
Progressive
supranuclear
palsy
(PSP)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
with
an
estimated
prevalence
of
5-7
people
in
100,000.
Clinically
characterized
by
impairments
gait,
balance,
and
eye
movements,
as
well
aggregated
Tau
pathology,
PSP
leads
to
death
approximately
5-8
years.
No
disease-modifying
treatments
are
currently
available.
The
contribution
pathology
the
symptoms
patients
poorly
understood,
part
due
lack
rodent
model
that
recapitulates
characteristic
aspects
PSP.
Here,
we
assessed
hTau.P301S
mouse
for
key
clinical
features
PSP,
finding
progressive
balance
gait
coordination.
Additionally,
found
fast
vertical
one
most
distinctive
Across
animals,
motor
control
regions
correlated
deficits.
These
findings
highlight
utility
hP301S
modeling
Язык: Английский
PyOKR: A Semi-Automated Method for Quantifying Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Ability
Journal of Visualized Experiments,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
206
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024
The
study
of
behavioral
responses
to
visual
stimuli
is
a
key
component
understanding
system
function.
One
notable
response
the
optokinetic
reflex
(OKR),
highly
conserved
innate
behavior
necessary
for
image
stabilization
on
retina.
OKR
provides
robust
readout
tracking
ability
and
has
been
extensively
studied
understand
circuitry
function
in
animals
from
different
genetic
backgrounds.
consists
two
phases:
slow
phase
as
eye
follows
stimulus
edge
plane
compensatory
fast
saccade
that
resets
position
orbit.
Previous
methods
gain
quantification,
although
reliable,
are
labor
intensive
can
be
subjective
or
arbitrarily
derived.
To
obtain
more
rapid
reproducible
quantification
ability,
we
have
developed
novel
semi-automated
analysis
program,
PyOKR,
allows
two-dimensional
motion
any
directional
stimulus,
addition
being
adaptable
type
video-oculography
equipment.
This
method
automated
filtering,
selection
phases,
modeling
vertical
horizontal
vectors,
movement
gains
relative
speed,
organization
resultant
data
into
usable
spreadsheet
statistical
graphical
comparisons.
quantitative
streamlined
pipeline,
readily
accessible
via
PyPI
import,
direct
measurement
responses,
thereby
facilitating
responses.
Язык: Английский