Placebo treatment entails resource-dependent downregulation of negative inputs DOI Creative Commons
Jonas Rauh, Arasch Mostauli, Matthias Gamer

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

Abstract Background Clinical trials of antidepressants show improvements in placebo groups up to 80% compared the real treatment arm. The mechanism underlying this clinically important effect has been linked expectation induced goal-directed control. Here, we investigated how cognitive resources influence effects positive expectations on emotional processing. Methods Forty-nine healthy volunteers participated a cross-over fMRI study, which expectancy changes was by an alleged oxytocin nasal spray combined with verbal instruction. Participants performed spatial cueing paradigm that manipulated attention face distractors scanner and were characterized regarding their general ability control attention. Results Behavioral findings showed improve mood reduce distractibility fearful over happy faces, specifically when more attentional available process faces. This aligned neural activation functional coupling lateral prefrontal-limbic networks indicating top-down regulation aversive inputs. In addition, behavioral prefrontal-parietal engagement directly correlated trait Conclusions Our data instruction alone can recruit selection. Changes processing critically depended context individual (i.e., contextual resources). These may be particularly relevant patients major depressive disorder, who often demonstrate negativity bias whom instructions limited due reduced capacity.

Язык: Английский

The Influence of Cecal Microbiota Transplantation on Chicken Injurious Behavior: Perspective in Human Neuropsychiatric Research DOI Creative Commons
Yuechi Fu, H.W. Cheng

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8), С. 1017 - 1017

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024

Numerous studies have evidenced that neuropsychiatric disorders (mental illness and emotional disturbances) with aggression (or violence) pose a significant challenge to public health contribute substantial economic burden worldwide. Especially, social disorganization inequality) associated childhood adversity has long-lasting effects on mental health, increasing the risk of developing disorders. Intestinal bacteria, functionally as an endocrine organ second brain, release various immunomodulators bioactive compounds directly or indirectly regulating host’s physiological behavioral homeostasis. Under challenges, stress-induced dysbiosis increases gut permeability causes serial reactions: releasing neurotoxic compounds, leading neuroinflammation neuronal injury, eventually aggressive, violent, impulsive behavior in humans animals via complex bidirectional communication microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis. The dysregulation MGB axis also been recognized one reasons for prevalence injurious behaviors (feather pecking, aggression, cannibalistic pecking) chickens. However, existing knowledge preventing treating these both chickens is not well understood. In previous studies, we developed non-mammal model abnormal investigation by rationalizing microbiota Based our earlier success, perspective article outlines possibility reducing through modifying cecal transplantation, potential providing biotherapeutic rationale among individuals restoring diversity function.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5

The moderating effect of frailty on the network of depression, anxiety, and loneliness in community-dwelling older adults DOI
Xinru Wang,

Baoqi Zhu,

Junpeng Li

и другие.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Placebo treatment entails resource-dependent downregulation of negative inputs DOI Creative Commons
Arasch Mostauli, Jonas Rauh, Matthias Gamer

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

Abstract Clinical trials with antidepressants reveal significant improvements in placebo groups, effects of up to 80% compared real treatment. While it has been suggested that treatment expectations rely on cognitive control, direct evidence for affective is sparse. Here, we investigated how resources at both the behavioral and neural levels influence positive emotional processing. Forty-nine healthy volunteers participated a cross-over fMRI study where were induced through an alleged oxytocin nasal spray verbal instruction. Participants completed spatial cueing task manipulated attention face distractors while being scanned characterized regarding their general control ability. Placebo improved mood reduced distractibility from fearful happy faces, particularly when more attentional available processing distractors. This aligned changes activation functional coupling within prefrontal-limbic networks, suggesting induce top-down regulation aversive inputs. Additionally, neurobehavioral correlated individual Our findings highlight critical role verbally instructed effects. may be relevant patients major depressive disorder, who often demonstrate enhanced negativity but have limited capacity.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Midlife “crisis” or midlife awakening? Leisure as obstacle or opportunity DOI

Justin Harmon,

KangJae Jerry Lee

World Leisure Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024

The "midlife crisis" is a popular phrase used to describe the condition of being stuck during middle-age years, alongside realization that one's life approximately half over. It called crisis because how it often socially portrayed and personally perceived: something must be done ensure one makes most their remaining time. In following sections, we assert there dearth research on role meaningful leisure pursuits in middle adulthood little attempt has been made at theoretical development transitions midlife as relates leisure. We also posit since longest stages, would valuable develop important insights into successful aging for "back nine"Footnote1 exploring these issues requires us understand "psychological clock" resides within all.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

Placebo treatment entails resource-dependent downregulation of negative inputs DOI Creative Commons
Jonas Rauh, Arasch Mostauli, Matthias Gamer

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

Abstract Background Clinical trials of antidepressants show improvements in placebo groups up to 80% compared the real treatment arm. The mechanism underlying this clinically important effect has been linked expectation induced goal-directed control. Here, we investigated how cognitive resources influence effects positive expectations on emotional processing. Methods Forty-nine healthy volunteers participated a cross-over fMRI study, which expectancy changes was by an alleged oxytocin nasal spray combined with verbal instruction. Participants performed spatial cueing paradigm that manipulated attention face distractors scanner and were characterized regarding their general ability control attention. Results Behavioral findings showed improve mood reduce distractibility fearful over happy faces, specifically when more attentional available process faces. This aligned neural activation functional coupling lateral prefrontal-limbic networks indicating top-down regulation aversive inputs. In addition, behavioral prefrontal-parietal engagement directly correlated trait Conclusions Our data instruction alone can recruit selection. Changes processing critically depended context individual (i.e., contextual resources). These may be particularly relevant patients major depressive disorder, who often demonstrate negativity bias whom instructions limited due reduced capacity.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0