The
mushroom
body
(MB)
is
the
center
for
associative
learning
in
insects.
In
Drosophila
,
intersectional
split-GAL4
drivers
and
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomes
have
laid
foundation
precise
interrogation
of
MB
neural
circuits.
However,
investigation
many
cell
types
upstream
downstream
has
been
hindered
due
to
lack
specific
driver
lines.
Here
we
describe
a
new
collection
over
800
split-LexA
that
cover
approximately
300
types,
including
sugar
sensory
neurons,
putative
nociceptive
ascending
olfactory
thermo-/hygro-sensory
projection
interneurons
connected
with
MB-extrinsic
various
other
types.
We
characterized
activation
phenotypes
subset
these
lines
identified
neuron
line
most
suitable
reward
substitution.
Leveraging
thousands
confocal
images
associated
collection,
analyzed
neuronal
morphological
stereotypy
discovered
one
set
output
MBON08/MBON09,
exhibits
striking
individuality
asymmetry
across
animals.
conjunction
EM
connectome
maps,
reported
here
offer
powerful
resource
functional
dissection
circuits
adult
.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2023
The
mushroom
body
(MB)
is
the
center
for
associative
learning
in
insects.
In
Drosophila,
intersectional
split-GAL4
drivers
and
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomes
have
laid
foundation
precise
interrogation
of
MB
neural
circuits.
However,
investigation
many
cell
types
upstream
downstream
has
been
hindered
due
to
lack
specific
driver
lines.
Here
we
describe
a
new
collection
over
800
split-LexA
that
cover
approximately
300
types,
including
sugar
sensory
neurons,
putative
nociceptive
ascending
olfactory
thermo-/hygro-sensory
projection
interneurons
connected
with
MB-extrinsic
various
other
types.
We
characterized
activation
phenotypes
subset
these
lines
identified
neuron
line
most
suitable
reward
substitution.
Leveraging
thousands
confocal
images
associated
collection,
analyzed
neuronal
morphological
stereotypy
discovered
one
set
output
MBON08/MBON09,
exhibits
striking
individuality
asymmetry
across
animals.
conjunction
EM
connectome
maps,
reported
here
offer
powerful
resource
functional
dissection
circuits
adult
Drosophila.
The
mushroom
body
(MB)
is
the
center
for
associative
learning
in
insects.
In
Drosophila,
intersectional
split-GAL4
drivers
and
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomes
have
laid
foundation
precise
interrogation
of
MB
neural
circuits.
However,
investigation
many
cell
types
upstream
downstream
has
been
hindered
due
to
lack
specific
driver
lines.
Here
we
describe
a
new
collection
over
800
split-LexA
that
cover
approximately
300
types,
including
sugar
sensory
neurons,
putative
nociceptive
ascending
olfactory
thermo-/hygro-sensory
projection
interneurons
connected
with
MB-extrinsic
various
other
types.
We
characterized
activation
phenotypes
subset
these
lines
identified
neuron
line
most
suitable
reward
substitution.
Leveraging
thousands
confocal
images
associated
collection,
analyzed
neuronal
morphological
stereotypy
discovered
one
set
output
MBON08/MBON09,
exhibits
striking
individuality
asymmetry
across
animals.
conjunction
EM
connectome
maps,
reported
here
offer
powerful
resource
functional
dissection
circuits
adult
Drosophila.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024
Across
species,
taste
provides
important
chemical
information
about
potential
food
sources
and
the
surrounding
environment.
As
details
chemicals
receptors
responsible
for
gustation
are
discovered,
a
complex
view
of
system
is
emerging
with
significant
contributions
from
research
using
fruit
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
as
model
organism.
In
this
brief
review,
we
summarize
recent
advances
in
their
relevance
to
more
broadly.
Our
goal
highlight
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
first
step
gustatory
circuits:
ligand-receptor
interactions
primary
cells.
After
an
introduction
how
it
encodes
canonical
modalities
sweet,
bitter,
salty,
describe
insights
into
nature
carboxylic
acid
amino
detection
context
sour
umami
taste,
respectively.
analysis
extends
non-canonical
including
metals,
fatty
acids,
bacterial
components,
highlights
unexpected
signaling
pathways
that
have
recently
been
identified
Comparing
intricate
cellular
underpinnings
ligands
detected
vivo
flies
reveals
both
specific
promiscuous
receptor
selectivity
encoding.
Throughout
compare
contextualize
these
findings
mammalian
not
only
emphasize
conservation
chemosensory
systems,
but
demonstrate
power
organism
elucidating
neurobiology
feeding.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(8), С. 114625 - 114625
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Chemosensory
cells
across
the
body
of
Drosophila
melanogaster
evaluate
environment
to
prioritize
certain
behaviors.
Previous
mapping
gustatory
receptor
neurons
(GRNs)
on
fly
labellum
identified
a
set
in
L-type
sensilla
that
express
Ionotropic
Receptor
94e
(IR94e),
but
impact
IR94e
GRNs
behavior
remains
unclear.
We
used
optogenetics
and
chemogenetics
activate
found
they
drive
mild
feeding
suppression
enhance
egg
laying.
In
vivo
calcium
imaging
revealed
respond
strongly
amino
acids,
including
glutamate,
plus
co-receptors
IR25a
IR76b
are
required
for
acid
detection.
Furthermore,
mutants
show
behavioral
changes
solutions
containing
increased
consumption
decreased
Overall,
our
results
suggest
discourage
encourage
laying
as
part
an
important
switch
response
chemical
cues.
The
mushroom
body
(MB)
is
the
center
for
associative
learning
in
insects.
In
Drosophila
,
intersectional
split-GAL4
drivers
and
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomes
have
laid
foundation
precise
interrogation
of
MB
neural
circuits.
However,
investigation
many
cell
types
upstream
downstream
has
been
hindered
due
to
lack
specific
driver
lines.
Here
we
describe
a
new
collection
over
800
split-LexA
that
cover
approximately
300
types,
including
sugar
sensory
neurons,
putative
nociceptive
ascending
olfactory
thermo-/hygro-sensory
projection
interneurons
connected
with
MB-extrinsic
various
other
types.
We
characterized
activation
phenotypes
subset
these
lines
identified
neuron
line
most
suitable
reward
substitution.
Leveraging
thousands
confocal
images
associated
collection,
analyzed
neuronal
morphological
stereotypy
discovered
one
set
output
MBON08/MBON09,
exhibits
striking
individuality
asymmetry
across
animals.
conjunction
EM
connectome
maps,
reported
here
offer
powerful
resource
functional
dissection
circuits
adult
.
The
mushroom
body
(MB)
is
the
center
for
associative
learning
in
insects.
In
Drosophila
,
intersectional
split-GAL4
drivers
and
electron
microscopy
(EM)
connectomes
have
laid
foundation
precise
interrogation
of
MB
neural
circuits.
However,
investigation
many
cell
types
upstream
downstream
has
been
hindered
due
to
lack
specific
driver
lines.
Here
we
describe
a
new
collection
over
800
split-LexA
that
cover
approximately
300
types,
including
sugar
sensory
neurons,
putative
nociceptive
ascending
olfactory
thermo-/hygro-sensory
projection
interneurons
connected
with
MB-extrinsic
various
other
types.
We
characterized
activation
phenotypes
subset
these
lines
identified
neuron
line
most
suitable
reward
substitution.
Leveraging
thousands
confocal
images
associated
collection,
analyzed
neuronal
morphological
stereotypy
discovered
one
set
output
MBON08/MBON09,
exhibits
striking
individuality
asymmetry
across
animals.
conjunction
EM
connectome
maps,
reported
here
offer
powerful
resource
functional
dissection
circuits
adult
.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
ABSTRACT
Artificial
sweeteners
are
highly
sweet,
non-nutritive
compounds
that
have
become
increasingly
popular
over
recent
decades
despite
research
suggesting
their
consumption
has
unintended
consequences.
Specifically,
there
is
evidence
some
of
these
chemicals
interact
with
bitter
taste
receptors,
implying
likely
generate
complex
chemosensory
signals.
Here,
we
report
the
basic
sensory
characteristics
in
Drosophila
,
a
common
model
system
used
to
study
impacts
diet,
and
find
all
noncaloric
inhibited
appetitive
feeding
responses
at
higher
concentrations.
At
cellular
level,
found
sucralose
rebaudioside
A
co-activated
sweet
gustatory
receptor
neurons
(GRNs),
two
populations
reciprocally
impact
behavior,
while
aspartame
only
activated
cells.
We
assessed
behavioral
co-activation
low
concentrations
signal
high
aversion.
Finally,
silencing
GRNs
reduced
aversive
elicited
by
significantly
increased
behaviors.
Together,
conclude
artificial
more
than
“sweetness”
alone,
this
behaviorally
relevant
effects
on
may
help
flies
flexibly
respond
unique
compounds.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
Abstract
Our
sense
of
taste
is
critical
for
regulating
food
consumption.
The
fruit
fly
Drosophila
represents
a
highly
tractable
model
to
investigate
mechanisms
processing,
but
circuits
beyond
sensory
neurons
are
largely
unidentified.
Here,
we
use
whole-brain
connectome
the
organization
circuits.
We
trace
pathways
from
four
populations
that
detect
different
modalities
and
project
subesophageal
zone
(SEZ),
primary
region
brain.
find
second-order
primarily
located
within
SEZ
segregated
by
modality,
whereas
third-order
have
more
projections
outside
overlap
between
modalities.
Taste
out
innervate
regions
implicated
in
feeding,
olfactory
learning.
analyze
interconnections
pathways,
characterize
modality-dependent
differences
neuron
properties,
identify
other
types
inputs
onto
computational
simulations
relate
neuronal
connectivity
predicted
activity.
These
studies
provide
insight
into
architecture
