Male rats emit aversive 44-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations during prolonged Pavlovian fear conditioning DOI Creative Commons
Krzysztof H. Olszyński, Rafał Polowy, Agnieszka D. Wardak

и другие.

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

Rats are believed to communicate their emotional state by emitting two distinct types of ultrasonic vocalizations. The first is long ‘22-kHz’ vocalizations (>300 ms, <32-kHz) with constant frequency, signaling aversive states, and the second short ‘50-kHz’ calls (<150 >32 kHz), often frequency-modulated, in appetitive situations. Here, we describe emitted at a higher pitch male Wistar spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) an intensified – prolonged fear conditioning. These calls, which named ‘44-kHz’ vocalizations, (>150 ms), generally frequency (usually within 35–50-kHz range) have overall spectrographic image similar 22-kHz calls. Some 44-kHz comprised both 22-kHz-like 44-kHz-like elements. Furthermore, separate clustering methods confirmed that these can be separated from other We observed associated freezing behavior during conditioning training, they constituted up 19.4% all most them appeared next each forming uniform groups (bouts). also show some rats’ responses playback were more akin for example, heart rate changes, whereas intermediate level between Our results suggest wider vocal repertoire than previously believed, current definitions major call may require reevaluation. hope future investigations rat models human diseases will contribute expanding our understanding therapeutic strategies related psychiatric conditions.

Язык: Английский

Rats that learn to vocalize for food reward emit longer and louder appetitive calls and fewer short aversive calls DOI Creative Commons
Agnieszka D. Wardak, Krzysztof H. Olszyński, Rafał Polowy

и другие.

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(2), С. e0297174 - e0297174

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Rats are social animals that use ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in their intraspecific communication. Several types of USV have been previously described, e.g., appetitive 50-kHz and aversive short 22-kHz USV. It is not fully understood which aspects the repertoire play important functions during rat exchange. Here, we investigated features emitted by rats trained operant conditioning, a form associative learning between behavior its consequences, to reinforce production/emission Twenty percent learned vocalize receive reward according an arbitrarily set criterion, i.e., reaching maximum number proper responses end each last three USV-training sessions, as well measurements independent from criterion (e.g., shortening training sessions). Over days, these also exhibited: increasing percentage rewarded calls, lengthening amplitude-increasing decreasing calls. As result, potentially rats, when compared non-learning displayed shorter sessions different structure, i.e. higher call rates, more longer louder calls fewer Finally, reviewed current literature knowledge regarding lengths behavioral contexts, potential function speculate may easily become response due primary biological role, communication emotional state conspecifics.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Male rats emit aversive 44-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations during prolonged Pavlovian fear conditioning DOI Creative Commons
Krzysztof H. Olszyński, Rafał Polowy, Agnieszka D. Wardak

и другие.

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

Rats are believed to communicate their emotional state by emitting two distinct types of ultrasonic vocalizations. The first is long ‘22-kHz’ vocalizations (>300 ms, <32-kHz) with constant frequency, signaling aversive states, and the second short ‘50-kHz’ calls (<150 >32 kHz), often frequency-modulated, in appetitive situations. Here, we describe emitted at a higher pitch male Wistar spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) an intensified – prolonged fear conditioning. These calls, which named ‘44-kHz’ vocalizations, (>150 ms), generally frequency (usually within 35–50-kHz range) have overall spectrographic image similar 22-kHz calls. Some 44-kHz comprised both 22-kHz-like 44-kHz-like elements. Furthermore, separate clustering methods confirmed that these can be separated from other We observed associated freezing behavior during conditioning training, they constituted up 19.4% all most them appeared next each forming uniform groups (bouts). also show some rats’ responses playback were more akin for example, heart rate changes, whereas intermediate level between Our results suggest wider vocal repertoire than previously believed, current definitions major call may require reevaluation. hope future investigations rat models human diseases will contribute expanding our understanding therapeutic strategies related psychiatric conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2