Stomata: gatekeepers of uptake and defense signaling by green leaf volatiles in maize

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024

Abstract Plants adapt to balance growth–defense tradeoffs in response both biotic and abiotic stresses. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are released after stresses function as damage-associated signals plants. Although, GLVs enter plants primarily through stomata, the role of stomatal regulation on kinetics GLV uptake remains largely unknown. Here, we illustrate effect closure timing magnitude uptake. We closed stomata by either exposing maize (Zea mays) darkness or applying abscisic acid, a phytohormone that closes light. Then, exposed seedlings (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol compared its dynamic under different conditions. Additionally, used (E)-3-hexen-1-ol, an isomer not made maize, exclude internal our assays. demonstrate effectively prevent entry into plants, even at high concentrations. Furthermore, findings indicate reduced impairs GLV-driven induction biosynthesis sesquiterpenes, group GLV-inducible secondary metabolites, with without herbivory. These results elucidate how regulate perception signals, thereby dramatically changing plant responses herbivory, particularly water stress dark

Язык: Английский

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Leaf Size Determines Damage‐ and Herbivore‐Induced Volatile Emissions in Maize

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Stress‐induced plant volatiles play an important role in mediating ecological interactions between plants and their environment. The timing location of the inflicted damage is known to influence quality quantity induced volatile emissions. However, how leaf characteristics herbivore feeding behaviour interact shape emissions not well understood. Using a high‐throughput profiling system with high temporal resolution, we examined mechanical on different leaves plant‐level emission patterns maize. We then tested resulting consequences two generalist herbivores ( Spodoptera exigua littoralis ), assessed whether preferences are associated enhanced performance. found maize seedlings emit more when larger damaged. Larger emitted locally, which was determining factor for higher Surprisingly, both S. preferentially consumed leaves, thus maximize without apparent growth benefits. Together, these findings provide ecophysiological behavioural mechanism patterns, potentially implications volatile‐mediated plant‐environment interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Stomata: Gatekeepers of Uptake and Defense Priming by Green Leaf Volatiles in plants

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 24, 2024

ABSTRACT Plants adapt to balance growth-defense tradeoffs in response both biotic and abiotic stresses. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are released after stresses function as damage-associated signals plants. Although, GLVs enter plants primarily through stomata, the role of stomatal regulation on kinetics uptake remain largely unknown. Here, we illustrate effect closure timing magnitude uptake. We closed stomata by either exposing darkness or applying abscisic acid, a phytohormone that closes light. Then, exposed maize seedlings Z-3-hexen-1-ol compared dynamic under different conditions. Additionally, used E-3-hexen-1-ol , an isomer not made maize, exclude internal our assays. demonstrate effectively prevent entry into plants, even at high concentrations. Furthermore, findings indicate reduced GLV impairs GLVs-driven induction sesquiterpenes biosynthesis, group GLV-inducible secondary metabolites, with without herbivory. These results elucidate how regulate perception signals, thereby dramatically changing plant responses herbivory, particularly water stress dark small pores plants’ surface, regulating green volatiles, thus influencing their signaling functions.

Язык: Английский

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Plant‐to‐plant defence induction in cotton is mediated by delayed release of volatiles upon herbivory

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 244(6), С. 2505 - 2517

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2024

Summary Caterpillar feeding immediately triggers the release of volatile compounds stored in leaves cotton plants. Additionally, after 1 d herbivory, other newly synthesised volatiles. We investigated whether these volatiles affect chemical defences neighbouring plants and such temporal shifts emissions matter for signalling between Undamaged receiver were exposed to from infested with Spodoptera caterpillars. For plants, we measured changes defence‐related traits as emissions, secondary metabolites, phytohormones, gene expression, caterpillar preference. Then, compared effects emitted before 24 h damage on plant defences. Genes that upregulated following exposure damaged same those activated directly by herbivory a plant. Only damage, including produced volatiles, found increase phytohormone levels, upregulate defence genes, enhance resistance These results indicate induction is specific response de novo suggesting are honest signals herbivore attack. findings point an adaptive origin airborne

Язык: Английский

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Leaf size determines damage- and herbivore-induced volatile emissions in maize

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2024

Abstract Stress-induced plant volatiles play an important role in mediating ecological interactions between plants and their environment. The timing location of the inflicted damage is known to influence quality quantity induced volatile emissions. However, how leaf characteristics herbivore feeding behavior interact shape emissions not well understood. Using a high-throughput profiling system with high temporal resolution, we examined mechanical on different leaves shapes plant-level emission patterns maize. We then tested resulting consequences two generalist herbivores ( Spodoptera exigua littoralis ), assessed whether preferences are associated enhanced performance. found maize seedlings emit more when larger damaged. Larger emitted locally, which was determining factor for higher Surprisingly, both S. preferentially consumed leaves, thus maximize without apparent growth benefits. Together, these findings provide ecophysiological behavioral mechanism patterns, potentially implications volatile-mediated plant-environment interactions.

Язык: Английский

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No free entry: stomatal state as decision maker in defining stress response strategies

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 76(2), С. 205 - 209

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

This article comments on: Maleki FA, Seidl-Adams I, Felton GW, Kersch-Becker MF, Tumlinson JH. 2024. Stomata: gatekeepers of uptake and defense signaling by green leaf volatiles in maize. Journal Experimental Botany 75, 6872–6887. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae401.

Язык: Английский

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