Cranial osteology and neuroanatomy of the late Permian reptile Milleropsis pricei and implications for early reptile evolution
Royal Society Open Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Millerettidae
are
a
group
of
superficially
lizard-like
Permian
stem
reptiles
originally
hypothesized
as
relevant
to
the
ancestry
reptile
crown
group,
and
particularly
lepidosaurs
archosaurs.
Since
advent
cladistics,
millerettids
have
typically
been
considered
be
more
distant
relatives
earliest-diverging
parareptiles
therefore
outside
‘Eureptilia’.
Despite
this
cladistic
consensus,
some
conspicuous
features
millerettid
anatomy
invite
reconsideration
their
relationships.
We
provide
detailed
description
late
Milleropsis
pricei
using
synchrotron
X-ray
phase-contrast
micro-computed
tomography
focusing
on
cranial
three
individuals
known
from
burrow
aggregation.
Our
data
reveal
suite
neuroanatomical
shares
with
neodiapsids
that
absent
both
in
other
‘parareptiles’
early
diverging
groups
‘eureptiles’.
Traits
shared
between
include:
presence
tympanic
emargination
quadrate,
quadratojugal
squamosal,
loss
epipterygoid
contribution
basicranial
articulation
suggesting
kinetic
palatoquadrate,
absence
sphenethmoid
pathway
abducens
nerve
through
braincase.
findings
suggest
neurocranium,
region
poorly
sampled
phylogenetic
analyses
due
relative
visual
inaccessibility
poor
preservation,
has
potential
inform
relationships
reptiles.
Язык: Английский
The neodiapsid Thadeosaurus colcanapi from the upper Permian of Madagascar
Papers in Palaeontology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(2)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Abstract
The
enigmatic
neodiapsid
Thadeosaurus
colcanapi
(Lower
Sakamena
Formation,
southwestern
Madagascar),
sole
species
of
the
genus
,
is
revised
here.
attribution
12
21
referred
specimens
confirmed,
spanning
all
ontogenetic
stages,
and
anatomy
redescribed
in
detail
with
comments
on
ontogenetical
differences.
This
new
anatomical
information
included
an
expanded
phylogenetical
dataset
tailored
to
examine
relationships
Permo‐Triassic
diapsids.
A
stem‐saurian
position
confirmed
here
for
‘younginiforms’,
which
are
recovered
paraphyletic,
Youngina
representing
earlier‐diverging
taxon.
However,
this
topology
extremely
labile,
monophyly
or
paraphyly
‘younginiforms’
could
not
be
unequivocally
supported.
In
contrast,
our
analyses
provide
good
support
a
monophyletic
Tangasauridae
including
other
‘younginiforms’.
as
member
sister‐group
putative
semi‐aquatic
Tangasaurinae
moderate
degree
support,
despite
large
amounts
missing
data
lesser‐known
tangasaurids
partially
obscuring
understanding
tangasaurid
interrelationships.
Last,
considered
have
inhabited
nearshore,
probably
riparian,
environment,
although
it
remains
unclear
whether
was
fully
terrestrial.
Further
examinations
tangasaurids,
well
novel
morphotype
identified
Lower
Formation
Madagascar,
evidence
deepen
evolution
palaeoecology
Tangasauridae.
Язык: Английский
Cranial anatomy and phylogenetic affinities of Bolosaurus major, with new information on the unique bolosaurid feeding apparatus and evolution of the impedance‐matching ear
The Anatomical Record,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2024
Abstract
Resolving
the
phylogenetic
relationships
of
early
amniotes,
in
particular
stem
reptiles,
remains
a
difficult
problem.
Three‐dimensional
morphological
analysis
well‐preserved
stem‐reptile
specimens
can
reveal
important
anatomical
data
and
clarify
regions
phylogeny.
Here,
we
present
first
thorough
description
unusual
Permian
reptile
Bolosaurus
major
,
including
comprehensive
bolosaurid
braincase.
We
describe
previously
obscured
details
palate,
allowing
for
insight
into
feeding
mechanics.
Aspects
rostrum,
mandible,
neurocranium
suggest
that
B.
had
particularly
strong
bite.
additionally
found
has
surprisingly
slender
stapes,
similar
to
middle
Macroleter
poezicus
which
may
enhanced
hearing
abilities
compared
other
Paleozoic
amniotes
(e.g.,
captorhinids).
incorporated
our
new
information
large
matrix
(150
OTUs,
590
characters)
explore
relationship
Bolosauridae
among
reptiles.
Our
analyses
generally
recovered
paraphyletic
“Parareptilia,”
diverge
after
Captorhinidae
+
Araeoscelidia.
also
included
within
smaller
(10
27
designed
interrelationships
all
species
be
monophyletic.
While
still
require
further
investigation,
phylogeny
suggests
repeated
evolution
impedance‐matching
ears
Язык: Английский
The origin of Amniota in phylogenetic context
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024
The
membership,
phylogeny
and
external
relationships
of
Amniota
quickly
achieved
“textbook
wisdom”
status
in
the
mid-1990s,
but
were
all
called
into
question
by
phylogenetic
analyses
last
few
years.
However,
these
their
predecessors
have
either
focused
on
early
limbed
vertebrates
barely
extended
Amniota,
or
amniotes
included
very
non-amniotes
as
outgroups.
Here
I
take
an
analysis
first
type,
perform
corrections
updates,
enlarge
its
sample
amniote-related
characters
(among
other
things)
order
to
test
matters.
Despite
high
rates
homoplasy,
my
matrix
supports
“microsaurs”
amphibians,
perhaps
even
less
close
than
Seymouriamorpha.
For
Diadectomorpha
“classical”
position
stem
Pan-Amniota
is
weakly
supported;
this
has,
however,
greatly
expanded
include
many
supposed
amniotes,
among
others
fish-scaled
Brouffia.
recent
finding
Petrolacosaurus
outside
Diapsida,
indeed
along
with
Captorhinidae,
is—weakly—corroborated
despite
quite
different
taxon
character
samples.
Caseasauria,
normally
considered
part
Pan-Mammalia,
instead
nested
“parareptiles”
within
Sauropsida;
Varanopidae,
similarly
traditionally
placed
pan-mammals,
emerges
three
separate
sauropsid
positions.
A
period
small
body
size
around
origin
amniotic
egg
not
supported
optimal
trees,
trees
that
seem
compatible
it
are
nearly
optimal.
Slightly
worse
allow
for
aïstopods
limbless
anthracosaurs.
generally
low
support
highlights
specific
needs
future
research.
Still,
appears
recently
proposed
membership
traditional
can
be
excluded
reasonable
confidence,
a
Anthracosauria
crownward
Temnospondyli
temnospondyl
any
extant
amphibians.
Coding
temporal
bone
taxa
tabular
supratemporal
has
practically
no
effect.
Язык: Английский
Klastomycter conodentatus, gen et sp. nov., a small early Permian parareptile with conical teeth from Richards Spur, Oklahoma
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12, С. e18393 - e18393
Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2024
A
small,
pristinely
preserved
specimen
recently
collected
from
the
Dolese
Brothers
limestone
quarry
near
Richards
Spur,
Oklahoma
provides
evidence
for
presence
of
a
new
early
Permian
parareptile
at
this
locality.
The
includes
an
articulated,
nearly
complete
skull
roof,
and
with
right
premaxilla,
quadratojugal,
most
palate,
as
well
epipterygoid
sphenethmoid
inside.
Although
similar
in
many
respects
to
other
contemporary
parareptiles
Acleistorhinus
,
Delorhynchus
Colobomycter
it
can
be
distinguished
acleistorhinids
by
number
autapomorphies
related
its
dentition.
Phylogenetic
analysis
places
closer
within
Acleistorhinidae
than
pteroticus
.
Unique
aspects
present
include
pronounced
anterior
extension
lacrimal
bone,
largely
homodont
dentition
composed
simple
conical
crowns
slight
recurvature
premaxillary
maxillary
teeth,
posterior
discovery
along
surprisingly
large
Spur
highlights
importance
unique
fissure
vertical
cave
system
site.
No
site
has
provided
such
wide
diversity
parareptilian
taxa,
part
complex
community
terrestrial
vertebrates.
fine
niche
partitioning
that
appears
have
been
among
reptiles
region.
Язык: Английский