Synergistic effects of clove fruit extract and nano-silicon to enhance drought resilience and productivity of soybean through improved plant defense mechanisms
BMC Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Язык: Английский
Exploring molecular variation and combining ability of local and exotic bread wheat genotypes under well-watered and drought conditions
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13, С. e18994 - e18994
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Drought
is
one
of
the
most
environmental
stressors,
significantly
affecting
wheat
production,
particularly
in
face
accelerating
climate
change.
Therefore,
developing
drought-resistant,
high-yielding
varieties
essential
to
ensure
sustainable
production
and
maintain
global
food
security
as
world
population
rapidly
grows.
This
study
aimed
evaluate
genetic
variation
local
imported
bread
genotypes
through
simple
sequence
repeat
(SSR)
markers
assess
their
combining
ability
identify
top-performing
under
both
normal
drought-stress
environments.
SSR
revealed
significant
diversity
among
parental
genotypes,
which
were
utilized
develop
28
F1
crosses
utilizing
diallel
mating
design.
Field
trials
well-watered
drought-stressed
environments
demonstrated
that
drought
reduced
all
measured
agronomic
traits.
The
categorized
into
five
clusters
based
on
tolerance,
ranging
from
highly
sensitive
(group-E)
robustly
drought-resistant
(group-A).
variety
Sids-12
(P2)
was
identified
an
excellent
combiner
for
breeding
shorter
early-maturing
cultivars
Line-117
(P3),
Line-144
(P4),
Line-123
(P5)
improving
grain
yield
related
traits
conditions.
P1×P5,
P3×P8,
P4×P5,
P6×P7
possessed
superior
performance
Key
traits,
including
plant
height,
grains
per
spike,
1,000-grain
weight,
spikes
plant,
displayed
strong
correlations
with
yield,
providing
effective
approach
indirect
selection
drought-prone
Язык: Английский
Genetic variability and trait associations for physiological and agronomic characteristics in bread wheat genotypes under drought stress and well-watered conditions
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13, С. e19341 - e19341
Опубликована: Май 16, 2025
Drought
is
a
critical
abiotic
stress
significantly
reducing
global
wheat
production,
especially
under
climate
fluctuations.
Investigating
genetic
variability
using
physiological
and
agronomic
characteristics
essential
for
advancing
breeding
to
enhance
drought
resilience
ensure
sustainable
production
in
light
of
population
growth.
The
diversity
associations
among
traits
fourteen
diverse
genotypes
bread
drought-stressed
well-watered
conditions
were
studied,
focusing
on
responses.
Significant
variations
detected
irrigation
regimes,
genotypes,
their
interactions
all
assessed
characteristics.
substantially
declined
chlorophyll
(Chl
a)
b
b),
net
photosynthetic
rate
(NPR),
transpiration
(Tr),
stomatal
conductance
(gs),
membrane
stability
index
(MSI),
relative
water
content
(RWC),
plant
height
(PH),
yield-related
attributes,
grain
yield.
Conversely,
it
increased
malondialdehyde
content,
proline
(ProC),
activities
antioxidant
enzymes,
including
catalase
(CAT),
ascorbate
peroxidase
(APX)
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD).
G3
(L-1117),
G8
(L-120),
G12
(L-1142)
exhibited
superior
tolerance,
maintaining
high
efficiency,
RWC,
enzyme
activity,
Under
conditions,
these
achieved
yields
6.32
t/ha
(G8),
5.97
(G12),
5.84
(G3),
surpassing
the
other
genotypes.
Genotypic
classification
tolerance
indices
confirmed
superiority
G3,
G8,
as
drought-resilient
candidates,
while
G2,
G5,
G7,
G14
lower
adaptability.
analysis
(additive
main
effects
multiplicative
interaction
(AMMI)
ranking
biplot)
indicated
that
G6,
highly
stable
across
environments,
making
them
promising
candidates
programs.
Agronomic
such
PH,
number
grains
per
spike
(NGPS),
thousand
kernel
weight
(TKW)
positively
associated
with
tolerance.
Furthermore,
multivariate
analyses,
principal
component
(PCA),
correlation,
path
analysis,
highlighted
significance
MSI,
enzymes
sustaining
yield
stress.
Broad-sense
heritability
estimates
key
drought-related
traits,
particularly
APX,
SOD,
NGPS,
indicating
strong
potential
selection.
These
findings
importance
integrating
biochemical
markers
into
programs
develop
high-yielding
drought-tolerant
varieties,
contributing
water-limited
conditions.
Язык: Английский
Gene expression study of durum wheat hybrids under water deficit conditions
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Май 30, 2025
Abstract
Background
The
present
study
was
conducted
at
the
CerealMed
project
farm
during
2021–2022
and
2022–2023
growing
seasons
using
a
strip
plot
design
with
two
replications.
objective
to
evaluate
durum
wheat
hybrids
six
cultivars
as
parents
under
normal
irrigation
water
deficit
stress.
aimed
assess
tolerance
of
stress,
develop
new
tolerant
hybrids,
detect
gene
expressions
start
codon-targeted
(SCoT)
markers.
traits
studied
included
grain
weight
per
plant,
number
spikes
kernels
spike,
1000-kernel
weight.
Results
most
parent
genotypes
stress
were
BENI-SUEF
1
(56.98
g/plant),
6
(46.31
7
(45.54
SOHAG
5
(45.52
g/plant).
×
(55.33
g/plant)
4
(50.16
based
on
LSD
5%.
SCoT
analysis
revealed
variations
in
expression
patterns
among
different
response
Conclusion
This
highlighted
utility
markers
analyzing
genetic
basis
drought
wheat.
By
identifying
(like
TaBTF3
for
primer1)
,
provided
deeper
understanding
complex
mechanisms
underlying
plant
responses
best
(BENI-SUEF
1,
6,
7,
5)
are
recommended
use
breeding
programs
targeting
Selection
segregating
populations
will
be
effective
4.
Язык: Английский
Unraveling Genetic Variation and Inheritance Patterns in Newly Developed Maize Hybrids for Improving Late Wilt Disease Resistance and Agronomic Performance Under Artificial Inoculation Conditions
Life,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(12), С. 1609 - 1609
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2024
Late
wilt
disease
caused
by
the
fungal
pathogen
Magnaporthiopsis
maydis
represents
a
major
threat
to
maize
cultivation
in
Mediterranean
region.
Developing
resistant
hybrids
and
high-yielding
offers
cost-effective
environmentally
sustainable
solution
mitigate
yield
losses.
Therefore,
this
study
evaluated
genetic
variation,
combining
abilities,
inheritance
patterns
newly
developed
twenty-seven
for
grain
resistance
late
under
artificial
inoculation
across
two
growing
seasons.
The
results
indicated
highly
significant
variations
among
assessed
all
measured
traits.
Combining
ability
analysis
identified
IL-306,
IL-304,
IL-303
as
excellent
combiners
resistance,
positioning
them
superior
candidates
hybrid
development.
Additionally,
IL-302
was
strong
general
combiner
earliness,
IL-307
IL-309
demonstrated
potential
producing
short-statured
critical
improving
lodging
tolerance
maximizing
yield.
Specific
effects
promising
yield,
disease-resistance
hybrids,
including
IL-303×T2
IL-306×T1.
GGE
biplots
presented
optimal
line×tester
combinations,
offering
strategic
guidance
principal
component
associations
between
key
agronomic
traits,
such
ear
length
kernel
number.
observed
robust
positive
association
attributes
suggests
selection
productivity.
Moreover,
genotypic
correlations
revealed
that
earlier
silking,
taller
plants,
higher
counts
were
strongly
linked
enhanced
potential.
Genetic
parameter
estimates
predominance
of
non-additive
most
with
moderate
high
broad-sense
heritability
suggesting
substantial
contributions
phenotypic
variance.
This
research
provides
valuable
insights
support
development
disease-resistant
addressing
food
security
challenges.
Язык: Английский