Model and Non-model Insects in Chronobiology

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2020

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an established model organism in chronobiology, because genetic manipulation and breeding the laboratory are easy. circadian clock neuroanatomy D. one of best-known networks insects basic behavior has been characterized detail this insect. Another chronobiology honey bee Apis mellifera , which diurnal foraging described already early twentieth century. A. hallmarks research on interplay between sociality complex behaviors like sun compass navigation time-place-learning. Nevertheless, there aspects structure function, for example role photoperiodism diapause, can be only insufficiently investigated these two models. Unlike high-latitude flies such as Chymomyza costata or ezoana cosmopolitan do not display a photoperiodic diapause. Similarly, bees go into “real” but most solitary species exhibit obligatory Furthermore, evolved different Hymenoptera independently, wherefore it might misleading to study social Consequently, additional non-model required understand Diptera Hymenoptera. In review, we introduce compare them with other show their advantages limitations general models insect clocks.

Язык: Английский

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Arthropod IGF, relaxin and gonadulin, putative orthologs of Drosophila insulin-like peptides 6, 7 and 8, likely originated from an ancient gene triplication

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8, С. e9534 - e9534

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2020

Background Insects have several genes coding for insulin-like peptides and they been particularly well studied in Drosophila . Some of these hormones function as growth are produced by the fat body brain. These act through a typical insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. Two other either known or suspected to G-protein coupled receptor. Although insulin-related from insect species, peptide 8, one that uses receptor, has so far only identified flies. However, its is widespread within arthropods hence it should orthologs. Such putative orthologs were recently decapods called gonadulins. Methodology In an effort identify gonadulins public genome assemblies short-read archives insects explored presence transcripts their receptors. Results Gonadulins detected number arthropods. those species which transcriptome data gonads available gonadulin expressed ovaries at least some also testes. differences expression ovary between actively reproducing non-reproducing females differs more than 100-fold. Putative ilp 6 identified. non-Dipteran C-terminally extensions alternatively spliced. The predicted arthropod factors. cockroaches, termites stick factors, relaxin, third peptide, encoded next another suggesting result local gene triplication. close chromosomal association was found factor spiders. Phylogenetic tree analysis kinases insects, chelicerates shows signaling pathway evolved differently three groups. receptors related 8 similarly show significant Conclusion A triplication early ancestor likely yielded gonadulin, relaxin. Orthologs now commonly present almost certainly include 6, 7 8.

Язык: Английский

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Nemertean, Brachiopod, and Phoronid Neuropeptidomics Reveals Ancestral Spiralian Signaling Systems

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 38(11), С. 4847 - 4866

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2021

Neuropeptides are diverse signaling molecules in animals commonly acting through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). and their underwent extensive diversification bilaterians the relationships of many peptide-receptor systems have been clarified. However, we lack a detailed picture neuropeptide evolution lophotrochozoans as in-depth studies only exist for mollusks annelids. Here, analyze peptidergic Nemertea, Brachiopoda, Phoronida. We screened transcriptomes from 13 nemertean, 6 brachiopod, 4 phoronid species proneuropeptides GPCRs. With mass spectrometry nemertean Lineus longissimus, validated several predicted peptides identified novel ones. Molecular phylogeny combined with peptide-sequence gene-structure comparisons allowed us to comprehensively map spiralian evolution. found most mollusk annelid also nemerteans, brachiopods, phoronids. uncovered previously hidden including orthologies CCWamides arthropod agatoxin-like APGWamides RGWamides annelids, ortholog that pleurin neuropeptides present nemerteans brachiopods. cases gene family duplications losses. These include protostome-specific expansion RFamide/Wamide signaling, GnRH-related peptides, vasopressin/oxytocin before divergence phoronids, nemerteans. This analysis expands our knowledge spiralians other protostomes. Our annotated data set nearly 1,300 proneuropeptide sequences 600 GPCRs presents useful resource further signaling.

Язык: Английский

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Phylogenomics of darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from the Atacama Desert

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. e14848 - e14848

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Background Tenebrionidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) are a conspicuous component of desert fauna worldwide. In these ecosystems, they significantly responsible for nutrient cycling and show remarkable morphological physiological adaptations. Nevertheless, colonizing individual deserts have repeatedly emerged from different lineages. The goal our study was to gain insights into the phylogenetic relationships tenebrionid genera Atacama Desert how taxa related globally distributed Tenebrionidae. Methods We used newly generated transcriptome data (47 tribes, 7 11 subfamilies) that allowed comprehensive phylogenomic analysis this hyperarid fills gap in knowledge highly diversified examined two independent sets known be suitable reconstructions. One is based on 35 neuropeptide precursors, other 1,742 orthologous genes shared among Coleoptera. Results majority placed three groups, which belong typical South American lineages within Pimeliinae. While support monophyly Physogasterini, Nycteliini Scotobiini, does not hold Edrotini, Epitragini, Evaniosomini, Praociini, Stenosini, Thinobatini, Trilobocarini. A suggested very close relationship Psammetichus with Mediterranean Leptoderis also could confirmed. provide hints regarding Caenocrypticini, occur both America southern Africa. Apart focus Desert, we found striking synapomorphy grouping Alleculinae, Blaptinae, Diaperinae, Stenochinae, several Tenebrioninae, but Tenebrio Tribolium . This character, an insertion myosuppressin gene, defines higher-level monophyletic group Conclusion Transcriptome allow represents one seven major endemic tribal areas world Most America; supported tribes molecular data, suggesting detailed systematic revision groups necessary.

Язык: Английский

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Gonadulins, the fourth type of insulin-related peptides in decapods

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 296, С. 113528 - 113528

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Identification of Gonadulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor From Migratory Locusts and Their Importance in Reproduction in Locusta migratoria

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2021

Many insect species have several genes coding for insulin-related peptides (IRPs), but so far only a single IRP gene has been identified in migratory locusts. Here, we report and characterize two other that are related to insulin, namely gonadulin arthropod insulin-like growth factor (aIGF); postulated be orthologs of Drosophila melanogaster 8 6 respectively. In Locusta migratoria the aIGF transcript is expressed multiple tissues as was previously reported both L. Schistocerca gregaria , there significant differences expression patterns between species. The transcript, however, seems specific ovary, whereas its putative receptor most abundantly fat body central nervous system. Since system-fat body-ovary axis essential successful reproduction, studied influence on vitellogenesis oocyte growth. A reduction ( via RNA interference) led vitellogenin mRNA levels strong inhibition, thus suggesting an important role reproduction this

Язык: Английский

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The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) superfamily across Pancrustacea/Tetraconata: A role in metabolism?

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 590, С. 112238 - 112238

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

Open Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) plays a pivotal role in the circadian clock of most Ecdysozoa and is additionally involved timing seasonal responses several photoperiodic species. pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, paradigmatic species with an annual life cycle tightly coupled to changes day length. Nevertheless, PDF could not be identified A. pisum so far . In present study, we PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. A newly generated aphid-specific antibody stained four neurons each hemisphere aphid brain co-express protein Period have projections pars lateralis are plastic change their appearance daily manner, resembling those fruit fly neurons. Most intriguingly, terminals overlap dendrites insulin-like peptide (ILP) positive neurosecretory cells intercerebralis putative Cryptochrome (CRY) Since ILP been previously shown crucial for adaptations CRY might serve as photoreceptor vital measuring length, our results suggest critical timing.

Язык: Английский

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Identification of Peptides and Their GPCRs in the Peppermint Shrimp Lysmata vittata, a Protandric Simultaneous Hermaphrodite Species

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2020

Peptide hormones commonly binding with G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) achieve their function in reproduction. The peppermint shrimp Lysmata vittata popular marine ornamental trade and is known to display protandric simultaneous hermaphrodite (PSH). Knowledge on reproductive biology of this commercial species critical for resources management aquaculture. This study employed Illumina sequencing bioinformatics analysis identify peptides candidate GPCRs from male phase (MP) euhermaphrodite (EP) L. vittata. A total 61 peptide 40 GPCR transcripts derive 44 families 13 were identified, respectively. Among them, insulin-like androgenic gland hormone crustacean female sex have two unique mature peptides, respectively, showed higher expression levels MP than EP, which suggest that these differentiation might be involved sexual characters spermatogenesis or vitellogenesis. Overall, the first identification genus extends our knowledge peptidergic signaling PSH species, provides an important basis development aquaculture strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Insecticidal effects of substances from cinnamon bark – eugenol, trans-cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde on Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Journal of Stored Products Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 111, С. 102572 - 102572

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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