Опубликована Янв. 1, 2014

Репрезентация морфологии в ментальном лексиконе является одной из актуальных проблем современной психолингвистики. В данной работе делается попытка дать максимально исчерпывающий обзор моделей ментального лексикона, в которых отражена морфемная структура слова, а также поведенческих методик, направленных на проверку данных моделей. Поскольку на данный момент ни одна из моделей не является общепризнанной, мы приводим некоторые основные эффекты, связанные с морфологией, которые были получены в экспериментальных исследованиях и объяснение которых должно быть заложено в идеальную модель.

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Опубликована Янв. 1, 2014

This paper describes the possible methodological techniques of evaluation of the problem solving process as the main task by a secondary probe task. We propose a method of estimation of the microdynamics of thought processes via changes in the dynamics of working memory load in problem solving by a probe monitor. The results of assessment of the dynamics of working memory load in insight and algorithmized problem solving via a two-alternative choice task are shown. There are significant differences between the dynamics of working memory load in insight and algorithmized problem solving in the last stages, which confirm the hypothesis …

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Опубликована Янв. 1, 2014

Almost 50 years ago, Reber described implicit learning as the unintentional and unconscious processing of regularities in the environment. Since then, psychologists have actively investigated this phenomenon. However, there is currently no unambiguous description of the mechanisms of implicit learning. Moreover, the descriptions of implicit learning properties vary depending on the approach to the phenomenon. The main theoretical accounts developed in the last decades are presented in this work. Four types of theories are identified, which differ in how they answer two main questions: 1) How explicit is the knowledge acquired during implicit learning?; and 2) How automatically is it …

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Опубликована Янв. 1, 2014

In the second year of life, infants are actively interested in objects used by adults, despite the number of experienced difficulties in achieving their goals while handling these objects. What causes the child attempt to handle an object for a designated purpose while watching the adult? One of the evident explanations concerns the effectiveness of the adults behavior and the child’s desire to achieve the same result. However, multiple studies have shown that a child is guided not exclusively by the hoped-for result, but also by the adults intention. In our study, we verified the reason guiding a child’s choice …

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Создана Сен. 13, 2022

A great amount of evidence has now been accumulated indicating that many aspects of cognition, including language are closely interconnected with or “grounded” in the sensory-motor modalities. In this respect, an interesting line of research that has not yet been studied in great detail is whether activation of the sensory-motor brain areas can be found when figurative language is processed. Two experiments were conducted to address the following questions: firstly, can evidence of effector-specific motor activation be found in the processing of idioms; secondly, how would such activation unfold in time? We hypothesized that highly imageable idioms are more strongly …

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Опубликована Апрель 1, 2022

Счастье, как и здоровье, необходимо человеку для полноценной жизни. В настоящее время, несмотря на огромный научный интерес к счастью, нет полной ясности ни в определении данного конструкта, ни в особенностях представлений о счастье в различных возрастных группах. В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, направленного на изучение особенностей понимания счастья в детском и пожилом возрасте. Цель – изучить представления о счастье детей и пожилых взрослых и выявить их отличительные особенности. Гипотеза: несмотря на различия, существуют общие представления о счастье у детей и пожилых людей. В исследовании приняли участие дети в возрасте 7–10 лет (N=120; M=8,31; SD=1,09) и пожилые люди в возрасте …

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Опубликована Март 18, 2019

Статья посвящена обсуждению «ревизионизма в выготсковедении» — подхода, развиваемого А. Ясниц- ким и коллегами и подробно изложенного в работе А. Ясницкого и Э. Ламдана «„В августе 1941-го“: Неизвестное письмо А. Р. Лурии в США как зеркало „ревизионистской революции“» (История российской психологии в лицах: Дайджест, 2017). Целью сторонников «ревизионистской революции» является критическое изучение научного наследия Л. С. Выготского, А. Р. Лурии и круга их сотрудников и демифологизация личности Выготского и вклада его и его школы в науку. В нашей статье рассматривается произошедший в 2012 году переход от «архивной революции» к разоблачительной «ревизионистской». В анализ включены публикации Ясницкого с коллегами «Когда б …

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Опубликована Сен. 30, 2014

Though a large body of research has investigated the impacts of domestic violence on adult’s victims, only few studies has been devoted to the exposure of children’s to probable inter-spousal trauma that disrupts their neurological and biochemical pathways in development. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current empirical research that discusses the biological and psychological inference of domestic violence and risky family environment on children’s health. In realizing this objective, the paper used the ecological framework to explain the interaction effects of bio- psychological processes on emotional regulation and social competence skills of children living in a …

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Опубликована Окт. 1, 2021

Various studies claim that war has devastating effects on the psychological well-being of its victims. Such conflicts destroy not only cities and their infrastructure but also the established systems; such as the schooling system. In the wake of such destruction, millions of children are displaced and find themselves apart from their homes and their schools. Their attempts at accommodating themselves with the host communities are not easy, given the immense trauma they experienced. The resulting psychological and social problems make it more difficult for these children to fit in. The disruption to their education is yet another factor that affects …

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Создана Авг. 19, 2022

The term body integrity dysphoria (BID) describes a discrepancy between the actual anatomical body constitution and the mentally represented body of a physically impaired person, which is often experienced as chronically dysphoric as well as the resulting desire of the affected person to have a (permanent) physical impairment (amputation, paralysis, etc.) in order to complement their own “true” identity. In the present study, potentially relevant factors influencing the quality of life of BID sufferers in the context of their coming-out process were examined. A questionnaire survey was used to ask BID sufferers (N = 50) about the reactions of their …

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