Immunogenic Cell Death Induction by Ionizing Radiation

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2021

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of regulated (RCD) induced by various stresses and produces antitumor immunity via damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release or exposure, mainly including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), calreticulin (CRT), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), heat shock proteins (HSPs). Emerging evidence has suggested that ionizing radiation (IR) can induce ICD, the dose, type, fractionation irradiation influence induction ICD. At present, IR-induced ICD verified in vitro mice there few clinical about it. To boost IR, some strategies have shown synergy with IR to enhance immune response, such as hyperthermia, nanoparticles, chemotherapy. In this review, we focus on mechanisms ICD-promoting factors associated irradiation, immunogenic forms death. Finally, summarize methods improving IR.

Язык: Английский

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Oncolytic virotherapy: basic principles, recent advances and future directions

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Abstract Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have attracted growing awareness in the twenty-first century, as they are generally considered to direct oncolysis and cancer immune effects. With progress genetic engineering technology, OVs been adopted versatile platforms for developing novel antitumor strategies, used alone or combination with other therapies. Recent studies yielded eye-catching results that delineate promising clinical outcomes would bring about future. In this review, we summarized basic principles of terms their classifications, well recent advances OV-modification strategies based on characteristics, biofunctions, hallmarks. Candidate expected be designed “qualified soldiers” first by improving target fidelity safety, then equipped “cold weapons” a proper cytocidal effect, “hot capable activating immunotherapy, “auxiliary harnessing tactics such anti-angiogenesis, reversed metabolic reprogramming decomposing extracellular matrix around tumors. Combinations therapeutic agents also elaborated show encouraging Robust from trials using OV treatment congruously suggested its significance future application directions challenges weapons tactical decisions treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Engineering strategies to enhance oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potentially useful platforms in treatment methods for patients with tumors. They preferentially target and kill tumor cells, leaving healthy cells unharmed. In addition to direct oncolysis, the essential attractive aspect of oncolytic virotherapy is based on intrinsic induction both innate adaptive immune responses. To further augment this efficacious response, OVs have been genetically engineered express regulators that enhance or restore antitumor immunity. Recently, combinations other immunotherapies, such checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), antigen-specific T-cell (TCRs) autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), led promising progress cancer treatment. This review summarizes mechanisms OVs, describes optimization strategies using armed effects immunity highlights rational immunotherapies recent preclinical clinical studies.

Язык: Английский

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Diversity and complexity of cell death: a historical review

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(8), С. 1573 - 1594

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Abstract Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at individual or cellular level. For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome nonfunctioning cells, as inflammation inevitably triggered in response damage. However, experimental evidence accumulated over past few decades has revealed different types that are genetically programmed eliminate unnecessary severely damaged cells may damage surrounding tissues. Several death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic and lysosomal which classified pyroptosis, necroptosis, NETosis, inflammatory have been described years. Recently, several novel forms namely, mitoptosis, paraptosis, immunogenic entosis, methuosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuproptosis, erebosis, discovered advanced our understanding its complexity. In this review, we provide historical overview discovery characterization highlight their diversity We also briefly discuss regulatory mechanisms underlying each type implications various physiological pathological contexts. This review provides comprehensive can leveraged develop therapeutic strategies for diseases.

Язык: Английский

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CD39/CD73/A2AR pathway and cancer immunotherapy

Molecular Cancer, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

Abstract Cancer development is closely associated with immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that attenuates antitumor immune responses and promotes cell immunologic escape. The sequential conversion of extracellular ATP into adenosine by two important cell-surface ectonucleosidases CD39 CD73 play critical roles in reshaping an TME. accumulated mediates its regulatory functions binding to one four receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR A3R). A2AR elicits profound function via regulating cAMP signaling. increasing evidence suggests CD39, could be used as novel therapeutic targets for manipulating the immunity. In recent years, monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors targeting CD39/CD73/A2AR pathway have been investigated clinical trials single agents combination anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. this review, we provide updated summary about pathophysiological adenosinergic cancer development, metastasis drug resistance. more components therapy circumvention immunotherapy resistance are also discussed. Emerging biomarkers may guide selection CD39/CD73/A2AR-targeting treatment strategies individual patients deliberated.

Язык: Английский

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Bioactive inorganic nanomaterials for cancer theranostics

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(6), С. 2031 - 2081

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Bioactive materials are a special class of biomaterials that can react in vivo to induce biological response or regulate functions, thus achieving better curative effect than traditional inert biomaterials. For cancer theranostics, compared with organic polymer nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials possess unique physical and chemical properties, have stronger mechanical stability on the basis maintaining certain bioactivity, easy be compounded various carriers (polymer carriers, etc.), so as achieve specific antitumor efficacy. After entering nanoscale, due nano-size effect, high surface area nanostructures, exhibit effects, which significantly influence interaction organisms. Therefore, research applications bioactive theranostics attracted wide attention. In this review, we mainly summarize recent progress also introduce definition, synthesis modification strategies nanomaterials. Thereafter, tumor imaging therapy, including microenvironment (TME) regulation, catalytic gas regulatory cell death immunotherapy, discussed. Finally, biosafety challenges mentioned, their future development opportunities prospected. This review highlights bioapplication

Язык: Английский

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Ferroptosis‐Enhanced Cancer Immunity by a Ferrocene‐Appended Iridium(III) Diphosphine Complex

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 61(16)

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2021

Ferroptosis is a programmed cell death pathway discovered in recent years, and ferroptosis-inducing agents have great potential as new antitumor candidates. Here, we report IrIII complex (Ir1) containing ferrocene-modified diphosphine ligand that localizes lysosomes. Under the acidic environments of lysosomes, Ir1 can effectively catalyze Fenton-like reaction, produce hydroxyl radicals, induce lipid peroxidation, down-regulate glutathione peroxidase 4, result ferroptosis. RNA sequencing analysis shows significantly affect pathways related to ferroptosis cancer immunity. Accordingly, immunogenic cells suppress tumor growth vitro, regulate T activity immune microenvironments vivo. In conclusion, show small molecules with capabilities for effective immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Targeted nanomedicines remodeling immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(12), С. 4327 - 4347

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2022

Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety long-term memory ability. Discouragingly, low patient response rates potential immune-related side effects make it rather challenging to literally bring from bench bedside. However, become evident that, although immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in facilitating progression metastasis, also provides various targets for remodeling TME, which can consequently bolster effectiveness antitumor suppression. Additionally, particular characteristics turn, be exploited as avenues designing diverse precise targeting nanomedicines. In general, is urgent necessity deliver nanomedicines thus improving therapeutic outcomes clinical translation prospects immunotherapy. Herein, we will illustrate several formation mechanisms TME. More importantly, variety strategies concerning TME strengthening patients' immune systems, reviewed. Ultimately, discuss existing obstacles future perspectives development Hopefully, thriving bloom vibrancy further exploration comprehensive cancer treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Combining antibody-drug conjugates with immunotherapy in solid tumors: current landscape and future perspectives

Cancer Treatment Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 106, С. 102395 - 102395

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenic cell death in cancer: targeting necroptosis to induce antitumour immunity

Nature reviews. Cancer, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(5), С. 299 - 315

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

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