The
diffusion
dynamics
of
polymer
chains
within
a
narrow
slit
formed
by
two
patch-patterned
surfaces
is
investigated
utilizing
Langevin
simulations.
These
feature
periodically
arranged
attractive
patches
size
L
and
period
d,
with
staggered
configuration
(0.5d,
0.5d)
offsets
along
the
x
y
axes.
When
d
fixed,
chain
exhibits
normal
over
long
time
scales,
translational
coefficient
Dxy
gradually
decreasing
to
zero
as
increases.
Notably,
our
findings
reveal
four
distinct
modes:
free-diffusion
mode
for
≤
L1,
where
mainly
in
desorption
state;
adsorption–desorption
L1
<
L2,
involving
transitions
from
single-patch
adsorption
state
exchange-patch
L2
L3,
switches
between
an
upper-lower
double-patch
exchanging
patches;
nondiffusion
>
primarily
pinned
state.
Furthermore,
patch
attraction
strength
εps
increases,
decreases
due
increase
chain.
Simultaneously,
critical
thresholds
exhibit
trend.
observations
highlight
significant
influence
confining
properties
on
behavior
chains.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(4), С. e42738 - e42738
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
In
recent
decades,
significant
attention
has
been
directed
towards
gold
nanoparticles
due
to
their
exceptional
properties,
capturing
the
interest
of
researchers
globally.
Their
unique
characteristics,
such
as
localized
surface
plasmon
resonance,
high
area
volume
ratio,
biocompatibility,
and
facile
functionalization,
render
them
highly
suitable
for
diverse
applications,
ranging
from
optoelectronics
sensing
surface-enhanced
spectroscopies
biomedical
uses,
particularly
in
realm
photothermal
therapy.
Plasmonic
therapy,
an
emerging
technology,
garnered
substantial
its
potential
cancer
treatment
management.
This
approach
employs
agents,
nanoparticles,
which
absorb
light
near-infrared
region.
When
these
agents
accumulate
within
cells,
absorbed
photon
energy
is
converted
into
heat,
inducing
local
hyperthermia.
effect
selectively
eliminates
damaged
cells
adjacent
while
sparing
normal
cells.
Various
shapes
sizes
have
proven
well-suited
candidates
paper
provides
overview
distinctive
properties
nanoparticles.
It
delves
functionalization
techniques
crucial
ensuring
cells'
effective
retention
targeting
this
context,
present
reviews
applications
with
different
plasmonic
encompassing
nanospheres,
nanorods,
nanoshells,
nanostars,
nanocages.
Nanotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(4), С. 042003 - 042003
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024
Abstract
Magnetic
nanoparticles
(MNPs)
represent
a
class
of
small
particles
typically
with
diameters
ranging
from
1
to
100
nanometers.
These
are
composed
magnetic
materials
such
as
iron,
cobalt,
nickel,
or
their
alloys.
The
nanoscale
size
MNPs
gives
them
unique
physicochemical
(physical
and
chemical)
properties
not
found
in
bulk
counterparts.
Their
versatile
nature
behavior
make
valuable
wide
range
scientific,
medical,
technological
fields.
Over
the
past
decade,
there
has
been
significant
surge
MNP-based
applications
spanning
biomedical
uses,
environmental
remediation,
data
storage,
energy
catalysis.
Given
size,
can
be
manipulated
guided
using
external
This
characteristic
is
harnessed
applications,
where
these
directed
specific
targets
body
for
imaging,
drug
delivery,
hyperthermia
treatment.
Herein,
this
roadmap
offers
an
overview
current
status,
challenges,
advancements
various
facets
MNPs.
It
covers
properties,
synthesis,
functionalization,
characterization,
sample
enrichment,
bioassays,
hyperthermia,
neuromodulation,
tissue
engineering,
drug/gene
delivery.
However,
increasingly
explored
vivo
concerns
have
emerged
regarding
cytotoxicity,
cellular
uptake,
degradation,
prompting
attention
both
researchers
clinicians.
aims
provide
comprehensive
perspective
on
evolving
landscape
MNP
research.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
As
naturally
secreted
vesicles
by
cells,
extracellular
(EVs)
play
essential
roles
in
modulating
cell–cell
communication
and
have
significant
potential
tissue
regeneration,
immune
regulation,
drug
delivery.
However,
the
low
yield
uncontrollable
heterogeneity
of
EVs
been
obstacles
to
their
widespread
translation
into
clinical
practice.
Recently,
it
has
discovered
that
artificial
nanovesicles
(NVs)
produced
cell
processing
can
inherit
components
functions
parent
cells
possess
similar
structures
EVs,
with
significantly
higher
yields
more
flexible
functionalization,
making
them
a
powerful
complement
natural
EVs.
This
review
focuses
on
recent
advances
research
NVs
as
replacements
for
We
provide
an
overview
comparing
summarize
top-down
preparation
strategies
NVs.
The
applications
prepared
from
stem
differentiated
engineered
are
presented,
well
latest
NV
engineering.
Finally,
main
challenges
discussed.
