Recent Advances in the Additive Manufacturing of Stimuli‐Responsive Soft Polymers

Advanced Engineering Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(21)

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023

Stimuli‐responsive polymers (SRPs) are special types of soft materials, which have been extensively used for developing flexible actuators, robots, wearable devices, sensors, self‐expanding structures, and biomedical thanks to their ability change shapes functional properties in response external stimuli including light, humidity, heat, pH, electric field, solvent, magnetic field or combinations two more these stimuli. In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) aka 3D printing technology SRPs, also known as 4D printing, has gained phenomenal attention different engineering fields, its unique develop complex, personalized, innovative undergo twisting, elongating, swelling, rolling, shrinking, bending, spiraling, other complex morphological transformations. Herein, an effort made provide insightful information about the AM techniques, type applications including, but not limited tissue engineering, bionics, construction, smart textiles. This article incorporates current challenges prospects, hoping basis utilization this fields. It is expected that amalgamation with SRPs would unparalleled advantages arenas.

Язык: Английский

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3D printing of stimuli-responsive hydrogel materials: Literature review and emerging applications

Giant, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17, С. 100209 - 100209

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) aka three-dimensional (3D) printing has been a well-established and unparalleled technology, which is expanding the boundaries of materials science exhibiting an enormous potential to fabricate intricate geometries for healthcare, electronics, construction sectors. In contemporary era, combination AM technology stimuli-responsive hydrogels (SRHs) helps create dynamic functional structures with extreme accuracy, are capable changing their shape, functional, or mechanical properties in response environmental cues such as humidity, heat, light, pH, magnetic field, electric etc. 3D SRHs permits creation on-demand dynamically controllable shapes excellent control over various self-repair, self-assembly, multi-functionality, These accelerate researchers think unthinkable applications. Additively manufactured objects have shown applications like tissue engineering, drug delivery, soft robots, sensors, other biomedical devices. The current review provides recent progress SRHs, more focus on techniques, stimuli mechanisms, shape morphing behaviors, Finally, trends future roadmap additively smart different also presented, will be helpful research. This holds great promise providing fundamental knowledge about diverse

Язык: Английский

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3D printing of magneto-active smart materials for advanced actuators and soft robotics applications

European Polymer Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 205, С. 112718 - 112718

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

In the contemporary era, novel manufacturing technologies like additive (AM) have revolutionized different engineering sectors including biomedical, aerospace, electronics, etc. Four-dimensional (4D) printing aka AM of smart materials is gaining popularity among scientific community, which has excellent ability to make soft structures such as robots, actuators, and grippers. These are developed by applying various stimuli pH, temperature, magnetic field, many combinations onto materials. Stimuli in 3D permit shape-morphing behaviors bending, twisting, folding, swelling, rolling, shrinking, origami, or locomotion. A wide variety can be fabricated through incorporation hard particles into resulting magneto-active (MASMs). With this integration, magneto-thermal coupling actuation allows diverse magneto-deformations, facilitating development personalized devices that capable enhanced deformation. review, guidelines provided on for MASMs polymers (MAPs), composites, hydrogels (MAHs) booming flexible wearable biomimetic devices. Moreover, 3D-printed robotics an outstanding capacity adapt complicated situations advanced actuating applications. Finally, some current challenges emerging areas exciting technology been proposed. Lastly, it anticipated technological advancements developing intelligent will a significant impact design real-world

Язык: Английский

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3D/4D printing of cellulose nanocrystals-based biomaterials: Additives for sustainable applications

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 251, С. 126287 - 126287

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have gained significant attraction from both industrial and academic sectors, thanks to their biodegradability, non-toxicity, renewability with remarkable mechanical characteristics. Desirable characteristics of CNCs include high stiffness, strength, excellent flexibility, large surface-to-volume ratio. Additionally, the properties can be tailored through chemical modifications for high-end applications including tissue engineering, actuating, biomedical. Modern manufacturing methods 3D/4D printing are highly advantageous developing sophisticated intricate geometries. This review highlights major developments additive manufactured CNCs, which promote sustainable solutions across a wide range applications. this contribution also presents current challenges future research directions CNC-based composites developed techniques myriad engineering sectors wound healing, wearable electronics, robotics, anti-counterfeiting Overall, will greatly help scientists chemistry, materials, biomedicine, other disciplines comprehend underlying principles, properties, additively structures.

Язык: Английский

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Multimaterial 3D and 4D Bioprinting of Heterogenous Constructs for Tissue Engineering

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(34)

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM), which is based on the principle of layer-by-layer shaping and stacking discrete materials, has shown significant benefits in fabrication complicated implants for tissue engineering (TE). However, many native tissues exhibit anisotropic heterogenous constructs with diverse components functions. Consequently, replication biomimetic using conventional AM processes a single material challenging. Multimaterial 3D 4D bioprinting (with time as fourth dimension) emerged promising solution constructing multifunctional that can mimic host microenvironment better than single-material alternatives. Notably, 4D-printed multimaterial architectures provide time-dependent programmable dynamic promote cell activity regeneration response to external stimuli. This paper first presents typical design strategies TE applications. Subsequently, latest are discussed, along their advantages challenges. In particular, potential smart highlighted. Furthermore, this review provides insights into how facilitate realization next-generation

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in 4D Printing of Advanced Materials and Structures for Functional Applications

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(34)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

4D printing has attracted tremendous worldwide attention during the past decade. This technology enables shape, property, or functionality of printed structures to change with time in response diverse external stimuli, making original static alive. The revolutionary 4D-printing offers remarkable benefits controlling geometric and functional reconfiguration, thereby showcasing immense potential across fields, including biomedical engineering, electronics, robotics, photonics. Here, a comprehensive review latest achievements using various types materials different additive manufacturing techniques is presented. state-of-the-art strategies implemented harnessing 4D-printed are highlighted, which involve design, functionalities, applications. machine learning approach explored for also discussed. Finally, perspectives on current challenges future trends toward further development summarized.

Язык: Английский

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A 3D‐Printed Ferromagnetic Liquid Crystal Elastomer with Programmed Dual‐Anisotropy and Multi‐Responsiveness

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(45)

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) and magnetic soft materials are promising active in many emerging fields, such as robotics. Despite the high demand for developing that combine advantages of LCE actuation, lack independent programming nematic order magnetization a single material still hinders desired multi-responsiveness. In this study, ferromagnetic (magLCE) ink with is developed can be independently programmed to anisotropic, referred "dual anisotropy", via customized 3D-printing platform. The magLCE fabricated by dispersing microparticles matrix, platform created integrating magnet 3-DoF motion into an extrusion-based 3D printer. addition magLCEs also actuated heating sources (either environmental or photo-heating embedded microparticles) energy density tunable actuation temperature. A strip robot demonstrated enhanced adaptability complex environments (different terrains, temperatures) using multi-actuation strategy. has potential applications mechanical memory, multistable metastructure array remote writability stable memory.

Язык: Английский

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Degradable biomedical elastomers: paving the future of tissue repair and regenerative medicine

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(8), С. 4086 - 4153

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

This review critically analyzes degradable biomedical elastomers, focusing on their degradation, synthesis, microstructure, and role in tissue repair. It guides experts balancing degradation with repair for improved applications.

Язык: Английский

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4D Printing for Biomedical Applications

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(31)

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Abstract 4D (bio‐)printing endows 3D printed (bio‐)materials with multiple functionalities and dynamic properties. materials have been recently used in biomedical engineering for the design fabrication of devices, such as stents, occluders, microneedles, smart 3D‐cell engineered microenvironments, drug delivery systems, wound closures, implantable medical devices. However, success printing relies on rational objects, selection materials, availability appropriate types external (multi‐)stimuli. Here, this work first highlights different stimuli, strategies (bio‐)printing. Then, it presents a critical review applications discusses future directions research exciting area, including vivo tissue regeneration studies, implementation reversible shape memory behaviors, creation fast shape‐transformation responses, ability to operate at microscale, untethered activation control, application (machine learning‐based) modeling approaches predict structure–property design–shape transformation relationships (bio)printed constructs.

Язык: Английский

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4D bioprinting of programmed dynamic tissues

Bioactive Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37, С. 348 - 377

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Setting time as the fourth dimension, 4D printing allows us to construct dynamic structures that can change their shape, property, or functionality over under stimuli, leading a wave of innovations in various fields. Recently, smart biomaterials, biological components, and living cells into 3D constructs with effects has led an exciting field bioprinting. bioprinting gained increasing attention is being applied create programmed cell-laden such bone, cartilage, vasculature. This review presents overview on for engineering tissues organs, followed by discussion approaches, technologies, biomaterials design, bioink requirements, applications. While much progress been achieved, complex process facing challenges need be addressed transdisciplinary strategies unleash full potential this advanced biofabrication technology. Finally, we present future perspectives rapidly evolving bioprinting, view its potential, increasingly important roles development basic research, pharmaceutics, regenerative medicine.

Язык: Английский

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