ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(19), С. 27713 - 27739
Опубликована: Май 5, 2025
With
the
rapid
development
of
flexible
electronics
in
wearable
devices,
healthcare
and
Internet
Things
(IoT),
liquid
metals
(LMs)-based
hydrogels
have
emerged
as
cutting-edge
functional
materials
due
to
their
high
electrical
conductivity,
tunable
mechanical
properties,
excellent
biocompatibility,
unique
self-healing
properties.
Through
various
physical
or
chemical
methods,
LMs
can
be
integrated
form
multifunctional
LMs-based
hydrogels,
thus
broadening
potential
application
fields.
In
this
Review,
recent
advancement
for
is
comprehensively
systematically
reviewed
from
three
aspects
synthesis
applications.
For
first
time,
existing
innovative
methods
are
classified
summarized,
including
patterned
on/inside
hydrogel
substrates,
conductive
fillers
polymeric
initiators
cross-linkers
with
organic/inorganic
materials.
The
mechanism
also
stated
detail
highlight
multiple
roles
adjusting
versatile
applications
electronics,
sensors,
wireless
communications,
electromagnetic
interference
(EMI)
shielding,
soft
robot
actuators,
energy
storage
conversion,
etc.,
separately
described.
Finally,
current
challenges
future
prospects
proposed.
Nano-Micro Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Skin-attachable
electronics
have
garnered
considerable
research
attention
in
health
monitoring
and
artificial
intelligence
domains,
whereas
susceptibility
to
electromagnetic
interference
(EMI),
heat
accumulation
issues,
ultraviolet
(UV)-induced
aging
problems
pose
significant
constraints
on
their
potential
applications.
Here,
an
ultra-elastic,
highly
breathable,
thermal-comfortable
epidermal
sensor
with
exceptional
UV-EMI
shielding
performance
remarkable
thermal
conductivity
is
developed
for
high-fidelity
of
multiple
human
electrophysiological
signals.
Via
filling
the
elastomeric
microfibers
thermally
conductive
boron
nitride
nanoparticles
bridging
insulating
fiber
interfaces
by
plating
Ag
(NPs),
interwoven
conducting
network
(0.72
W
m
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(35)
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
The
pursuit
of
constructing
humanoid
robots
to
replicate
the
anatomical
structures
and
capabilities
human
beings
has
been
a
long-standing
significant
undertaking
especially
garnered
tremendous
attention
in
recent
years.
However,
despite
progress
made
over
decades,
have
predominantly
confined
those
rigid
metallic
structures,
which
however
starkly
contrast
with
inherent
flexibility
observed
biological
systems.
To
better
innovate
this
area,
present
work
systematically
explores
value
potential
liquid
metals
their
derivatives
facilitating
crucial
transition
towards
soft
robots.
Through
comprehensive
interpretation
bionics,
an
overview
metals'
multifaceted
roles
as
essential
components
advanced
robots-functioning
actuators,
sensors,
power
sources,
logical
devices,
circuit
systems,
even
transformable
skeletal
structures-is
presented.
It
is
conceived
that
integration
these
flexible
facilitated
by
unique
properties
metals,
can
create
unexpected
versatile
functionalities
behaviors
fulfill
needs.
Finally,
revolution
envisioned,
transitioning
from
frameworks
hybrid
soft-rigid
resembling
tissues.
This
study
expected
provide
fundamental
guidance
for
coming
research,
thereby
advancing
area.
Abstract
Plants
can
autonomously
adjust
their
growth
direction
based
on
the
gravitropic
response
to
maximize
energy
acquisition,
despite
lacking
nerves
and
muscles.
Endowing
soft
robots
with
gravitropism
may
facilitate
development
of
self‐regulating
systems
free
electronics,
but
remains
elusive.
Herein,
acceleration‐regulated
actuators
are
described
that
respond
gravitational
field
by
leveraging
unique
fluidity
liquid
metal
in
its
self‐limiting
oxide
skin.
The
actuator
is
obtained
magnetic
printing
fluidic
heater
circuit
a
thermoresponsive
crystal
elastomer.
Joule
heat
gravity‐regulated
resistance
be
programmed
changing
actuator's
pose
induce
flow
metal.
bending
degree
dynamic
interaction
between
thermomechanical
gravity.
A
gravity‐interactive
gripper
also
created
controllable
grasping
releasing
rotating
actuator.
Moreover,
it
demonstrated
self‐regulated
oscillation
motion
achieved
interfacing
monostable
tape
spring,
allowing
electronics‐free
control
bionic
walker.
This
work
paves
avenue
for
metal‐based
reconfigurable
electronics
perceive
gravity
or
acceleration.
Smart Cities,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(6), С. 3458 - 3488
Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024
This
paper
presents
a
comprehensive
review
of
the
transformative
impacts
3D
printing
technology
on
smart
cities.
As
cities
face
rapid
urbanization,
resource
shortages,
and
environmental
degradation,
innovative
solutions
such
as
additive
manufacturing
(AM)
offer
potential
pathways
for
sustainable
urban
development.
By
synthesizing
66
publications
from
2015
to
2024,
study
examines
how
improves
infrastructure,
enhances
sustainability,
fosters
community
engagement
in
city
planning.
Key
benefits
include
reducing
construction
time
material
waste,
lowering
costs,
enabling
creation
scalable,
affordable
housing
solutions.
The
also
addresses
emerging
areas
integration
with
digital
twins
(DTs),
machine
learning
(ML),
AI
optimize
infrastructure
predictive
maintenance.
It
highlights
use
materials
soft
robotics
structural
health
monitoring
(SHM)
repairs.
Despite
promising
advancements,
challenges
remain
terms
cost,
scalability,
need
interdisciplinary
collaboration
among
engineers,
designers,
planners,
policymakers.
findings
suggest
roadmap
future
research
practical
applications
cities,
contributing
ongoing
discourse
technologically
advanced
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024
Abstract
This
review
offers
an
illuminating
journey
through
the
historical
evolution
and
modern‐day
applications
of
liquid
metals,
presenting
a
comprehensive
view
their
significance
in
diverse
fields.
Tracing
trajectory
from
mercury
to
contemporary
innovations,
paper
explores
pivotal
role
industry
research.
The
analysis
spans
electrical
switches,
mechanical
applications,
electrodes,
chemical
synthesis,
energy
storage,
thermal
transport,
electronics,
biomedicine.
Each
section
examines
intricacies
metal
integration,
elucidating
contributions
technological
advancements
societal
progress.
Moreover,
critically
appraises
challenges
prospects
inherent
addressing
issues
recycling,
corrosion
management,
device
stability,
economic
feasibility,
translational
hurdles,
market
dynamics.
By
delving
into
these
complexities,
advances
scholarly
understanding
actionable
insights
for
researchers,
engineers,
policymakers.
It
aims
catalyze
innovation,
foster
interdisciplinary
collaboration,
promote
metal‐enabled
solutions
needs.
Through
its
forward‐looking
perspective,
this
serves
as
guide
navigating
landscape
bridging
legacies
with
challenges,
highlighting
transformative
potential
metals
shaping
future
technologies.
The
liquid
metal-based
hydrogels
coated
with
polyacrylic
acid
have
the
combination
of
conductivity,
plasticity,
printability,
self-healing
and
skin-like
mechanical
properties,
are
therefore
used
as
an
epidermal
sensor
for
human
health
monitoring.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract
Liquid
metal
nanoparticles
(LMNPs)
are
being
considered
as
promising
candidates
for
printable
electronics
owing
to
their
high
conductivity
and
fluidity,
well
improved
wettability
comparable
that
of
bulk
LMs.
However,
the
surface
tension
weak
adhesion
LMNPs
pose
formidable
challenges
facile
patterning
on
various
substrates
diverse
applications.
Herein,
a
new
LMNP‐polymer
composite
is
reported
multifunctional
electronics,
which
achieved
by
introducing
α
‐lipoic
acid
(LA)/choline
chloride
(ChCl)
polymerizable
deep
eutectic
solvents
(PDESs)
ideal
polymer
carriers.
Simply
with
ring‐opening
polymerization
(ROP)
LA,
highly
conductive
LMNP‐PDES
composites
can
be
patterned
using
printing
methods.
Benefiting
from
hydrogen
bondings
within
PDES,
printed
traces
feature
enhance
consistent
performances
under
different
deformations.
More
importantly,
they
easily
dissolved
in
ethanol
via
thermal
treatment
reprinted
further
use,
showing
excellent
recyclable
capability.
Demonstrations
stretchable
sensor,
conformal
electrode,
smart
actuator
validate
versatility
reliability
this
composite,
ensuring
its
broad
prospects
electronics.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
This
review
focuses
on
the
sintering
of
liquid
metal
particles
(LMPs).
Here,
means
partial
merging
or
connecting
(or
droplets)
to
form
a
network
percolated
and,
thus,
conductive
electrical
pathways.
LMPs
are
attractive
materials
because
they
can
be
suspended
in
carrier
fluid
create
printable
inks
distributed
an
elastomer
soft,
stretchable
composites.
However,
films
and
traces
not
typically
as
fabricated
due
native
oxide
that
forms
surface
particles.
In
case
composites,
polymers
also
get
between
particles,
making
more
challenging.
Sintering
done
via
variety
ways,
such
mechanical,
thermal,
chemical
processing.
discusses
mechanisms
sinter
these
patterning
techniques
use
sintering,
unique
properties
sintered
LMPs,
their
practical
applications
fields
electronics,
soft
robotics,
active
materials.
