ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(42), С. 57769 - 57777
Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024
The
biocompatibility
and
adaptability
of
hydrogels
make
them
ideal
candidates
for
use
as
artificial
tendons
muscles
in
clinical
applications,
where
both
muscle-like
strength
low
hysteresis
are
essential.
However,
achieving
a
balance
between
high
remains
significant
challenge.
Herein,
we
demonstrated
self-assembly
process
heterogeneous
to
meet
the
dilemma.
And
composed
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
polymers.
network
absorbs
water,
causing
phase
separation
into
water-rich
water-poor
phase,
while
polymers
entanglement
arrest
separation.
Our
results
that
these
achieve
remarkable
mechanical
properties,
with
848.8
kPa,
energy
loss
19.6
kJ/m3,
minimal
(0.046)
during
loading–unloading
cycles.
reinforcing
mechanisms
underlying
properties
attributed
crystallization,
molecular
entanglement,
chain
rearrangement
induced
by
stretching.
Furthermore,
combination
networks
is
exceedingly
rare
reported
hydrogels.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(32)
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024
Abstract
High
mechanical
strength,
excellent
toughness,
low
hysteresis,
and
robust
resilience
are
of
great
importance
for
stretchable
conductive
hydrogels
(CHs)
to
heighten
their
reliabilities
self‐powered
sensing
applications.
However,
it
still
remains
challenging
simultaneously
obtain
the
mutually
exclusive
performances.
Herein,
an
intrinsically
adhesive
hydrogel
is
fabricated
by
one‐step
radical
polymerization
acrylamide
(AAm),
three
hydroxy
groups
together
clustered‐N‐[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]acrylamide
(THMA),
cationic
1‐Butyl‐3‐Vinylimidazolium
Bromide
(ILs)
dissolved
in
core‐shell
structurally
dispersed
PEDOT:PSS
(PP)
solution.
Owing
abundant
clustered
hydrogen
bonds,
electrostatic
interactions
between
PILs
chains
anionic
PSS
shells,
polymer
chain
entanglements,
CHs
feature
superior
properties
with
a
high
tensile
strength
(0.25
MPa),
fracture
strain
(1015%),
toughness
(1.22
MJ
m
‐3
),
energy
36.5
kJ
‐2
extremely
hysteresis
(5%),
display
fatigue
resistance.
As
result,
indicate
gauge
factor
up
10.46,
broad
range
(1‐900%)
pressure
(0.05‐100
kPa),
fast
responsive
rate,
thus
qualifying
monitoring
reliably
accurately
large
tiny
human
movements
daily
life.
Moreover,
hydrogel‐assembled
triboelectric
nanogenerators
(TENGs)
exhibit
stable
electrical
output
performances,
which
greatly
promising
flexible
wearable
electronics.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(44)
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Low-hysteresis
merits
can
help
polymeric
gel
materials
survive
from
consecutive
loading
cycles
and
promote
life
span
in
many
burgeoning
areas.
However,
it
is
a
big
challenge
to
design
low-hysteresis
tough
materials,
especially
for
ionogels.
This
be
attributed
the
fact
that
higher
viscosities
of
ionic
liquids
(ILs)
would
increase
chain
friction
gels
eventually
dissipate
large
amounts
energy
under
deformation.
Herein,
chemical
ionogels
proposed
achieve
characteristics
both
mechanical
electric
aspects
via
hierarchical
aggregates
formed
by
supramolecular
self-assembly
quadruple
H-bonds
soft
IL-rich
matrix.
These
self-assembled
nanoaggregates
not
only
greatly
reinforce
matrix
enhance
resilience,
but
also
exhibit
low-energy-dissipating
features
stress
conditions,
simultaneously
benefiting
properties.
toughness
subsequent
anti-fatigue
properties
response
external
cyclic
stimuli.
More
importantly,
these
are
presented
as
model
system
elucidate
underlying
mechanism
low
hysteresis
fatigue
resistance.
Based
on
findings,
further
demonstrated
strategy
universal.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Ionogels
are
promising
for
soft
iontronics,
with
their
network
structure
playing
a
pivotal
role
in
determining
performance
and
potential
applications.
However,
simultaneously
achieving
mechanical
toughness,
low
hysteresis,
self-healing,
fluorescence
using
existing
structures
is
challenging.
Drawing
inspiration
from
jellyfish,
we
propose
novel
hierarchical
crosslinking
design
situ
formation
of
hyperbranched
cluster
aggregates
(HCA)
to
fabricate
polyurea
ionogels
overcome
these
challenges.
Leveraging
the
disparate
reactivity
isocyanate
groups,
induce
HCA
through
competing
reactions,
enhancing
toughness
imparting
clustering-triggered
emission
ionogel.
This
synergy
between
supramolecular
interactions
plasticizing
effect
ionic
liquid
leads
reduced
hysteresis
Furthermore,
incorporation
NCO-terminated
prepolymer
dynamic
oxime-urethane
bonds
(NPU)
enables
self-healing
enhances
stretchability.
Our
investigations
highlight
significant
influence
on
ionogel
performance,
showcasing
robustness
including
high
strength
(3.5
MPa),
exceptional
(5.5
MJ
m
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(18), С. 10435 - 10508
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
The
mechanical
properties
of
polymer
gels
devote
to
emerging
devices
and
machines
in
fields
such
as
biomedical
engineering,
flexible
bioelectronics,
biomimetic
actuators,
energy
harvesters.
Coupling
network
architectures
interactions
has
been
explored
regulate
supportive
characteristics
gels;
however,
systematic
reviews
correlating
mechanics
interaction
forces
at
the
molecular
structural
levels
remain
absent
field.
This
review
highlights
engineering
gel
a
comprehensive
mechanistic
understanding
regulation.
Molecular
alters
architecture
manipulates
functional
groups/moieties
level,
introducing
various
permanent
or
reversible
dynamic
bonds
dissipative
energy.
usually
uses
monomers,
cross-linkers,
chains,
other
additives.
Structural
utilizes
casting
methods,
solvent
phase
regulation,
mechanochemistry,
macromolecule
chemical
reactions,
biomanufacturing
technology
construct
tailor
topological
structures,
heterogeneous
modulus
compositions.
We
envision
that
perfect
combination
may
provide
fresh
view
extend
exciting
new
perspectives
this
burgeoning
also
summarizes
recent
representative
applications
with
excellent
properties.
Conclusions
are
provided
from
five
aspects
concise
summary,
mechanism,
biofabrication
upgraded
applications,
synergistic
methodology.
Abstract
The
intensifying
energy
crisis
has
made
it
urgent
to
develop
robust
and
reliable
next‐generation
systems.
Except
for
conventional
large‐scale
sources,
the
imperceptible
randomly
distributed
embedded
in
daily
life
awaits
comprehensive
exploration
utilization.
Harnessing
latent
potential
facilitate
further
evolution
of
soft
Compared
with
rigid
devices,
flexible
devices
are
more
convenient
suitable
harvesting
storing
from
dynamic
complex
structures
such
as
human
skin.
Stretchable
conductors
that
capable
withstanding
strain
(≫1%)
while
sustaining
stable
conductive
pathways
prerequisites
realizing
electronic
devices.
Therefore,
understanding
characteristics
these
evaluating
feasibility
their
fabrication
strategies
particularly
critical.
In
this
review,
various
preparation
methods
stretchable
carefully
classified
analyzed.
Furthermore,
recent
progress
application
storage
based
on
is
discussed
detail.
Finally,
challenges
promising
opportunities
development
integrated
highlighted,
seeking
inspire
future
research
directions.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2024
Abstract
Hydrogel‐based
flexible
artificial
tactility
is
equipped
to
intelligent
robots
mimic
human
mechanosensory
perception.
However,
it
remains
a
great
challenge
for
hydrogel
sensors
maintain
flexibility
and
sensory
performances
during
cyclic
loadings
at
high
or
low
temperatures
due
water
loss
freezing.
Here,
robot
developed
with
robustness
based
on
organohydrogel
sensor
arrays
negligent
hysteresis
temperature
tolerance.
Conductive
polyaniline
chains
are
interpenetrated
through
poly(acrylamide‐
co
‐acrylic
acid)
network
glycerin/water
mixture
interchain
electrostatic
interactions
hydrogen
bonds,
yielding
dissipated
energy
of
1.58
MJ
m
−3
,
ultralow
1000
loadings.
Moreover,
the
binary
solvent
provides
gels
outstanding
tolerance
from
−100
60
°C
remain
flexible,
fatigue
resistant,
conductive
(0.27
S
−1
),
highly
strain
sensitive
(GF
3.88)
pressure
(35.8
MPa
).
The
manipulator
finger
dorsa
pads
simultaneously
monitor
motions
detect
distribution
exerted
by
grasped
objects.
A
machine
learning
model
used
train
system
recognize
shape
objects
100%
accuracy.
organohydrogels
promising
novel
robots.
