Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
Graft-versus-host
disease
(GvHD)
is
a
prevalent
complication
following
allogeneic
hematopoietic
stem
cell
transplantation
(HSCT)
and
characterized
by
relatively
high
morbidity
mortality
rates.
GvHD
can
result
in
extensive
systemic
damage
patients
HSCT
(allo-HSCT),
with
the
skin,
gastrointestinal
tract,
liver
frequently
being
primary
target
organs
affected.
The
severe
manifestations
of
acute
intestinal
often
indicate
poor
prognosis
for
after
allo-HSCT.
Endoscopy
histopathological
evaluation
remain
employed
to
diagnose
GvHD,
auxiliary
examinations
exclude
differential
diagnoses.
Currently,
reliable
serum
biomarkers
diagnosis
are
scarce.
As
an
essential
part
standard
transplant
protocols,
early
application
immunosuppressive
drugs
effectively
prevents
GvHD.
Among
them,
steroids
represent
first-line
therapeutic
agents,
JAK2
inhibitor
ruxolitinib
represents
second-line
agent.
no
efficacious
treatment
modality
exists
steroid-resistant
aGvHD.
Therefore,
still
face
significant
medical
demands.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
nanometer
micrometer-scale
biomembrane
containing
various
bioactive
components,
such
as
proteins,
nucleotides,
metabolites.
Distinctive
changes
serum-derived
EV
components
occur
allo-HSCT;
Hence,
EVs
expected
be
potential
diagnosing
treating
Furthermore,
cell-free
therapeutics
derived
from
mesenchymal
cells
(MSCs)
have
manifested
remarkable
efficacy
preclinical
models
trials
Customized
engineered
fewer
toxic
side
effects
combined
hold
broad
prospects
clinical
translation.
This
review
article
examines
value
translating
into
applications
It
summarizes
latest
advancements
applying
Materials Today Bio,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30, С. 101443 - 101443
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
is
the
most
prevalent
primary
malignant
brain
tumor,
characterized
by
a
high
mortality
rate
and
poor
prognosis.
The
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
blood-tumor
(BTB)
present
significant
obstacles
to
efficacy
of
tumor-targeted
pharmacotherapy,
thereby
impeding
therapeutic
potential
numerous
candidate
drugs.
Targeting
delivery
adequate
doses
drug
across
BBB
treat
GBM
has
become
prominent
research
area
in
recent
years.
This
emphasis
driven
exploration
evaluation
diverse
technologies
for
with
some
already
undergoing
clinical
trials.
review
provides
thorough
overview
advancements
challenges
targeted
treatment.
It
specifically
emphasizes
systemic
administration
strategies
assess
their
limitations
Furthermore,
this
highlights
promising
future
directions
development
intelligent
systems
aimed
at
overcoming
current
enhancing
against
GBM.
These
not
only
support
foundational
on
but
also
offer
methodological
approaches
applications.
Neuroglia,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(1), С. 3 - 3
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Glioblastoma
(GBM),
a
highly
aggressive
grade
IV
astrocytoma,
poses
major
therapeutic
challenge
due
to
the
resistance
of
cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
existing
within
its
cell
population
conventional
therapies.
Recently,
we
reported
that
RNA
interference
targeting
CSC
protection
mechanism
significantly
improved
efficacy.
However,
challenges
remain,
including
limited
transfection
efficiency
in
neural
and
difficulty
crossing
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB).
Methods:
In
this
study,
investigated
potential
exosome-mediated
delivery
cargo
GBM
by
engineering
exosomes
carry
green
fluorescent
protein
(GFP)
expressing
brain-homing
peptide
(BHP)
on
their
surface,
which
has
high
affinity
cells.
Results:
We
found
BHP-modified
doubled
GFP
efficacy
from
20%
40%,
outperforming
traditional
methods
like
lipofection
vitro.
vivo,
demonstrated
an
ability
cross
BBB
targeted
brain
regions
following
intranasal
subcutaneous
administration.
Conclusions:
These
results
underscore
engineered
for
efficient
enhance
against
tumors
suggest
novel
avenues
delivering
biomolecules
treatment
neurological
disorders.
International Journal of Molecular Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
55(3)
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
Exosomes
are
integral
to
the
pathophysiology
of
osteoarthritis
(OA)
due
their
roles
in
mediating
intercellular
communication
and
regulating
inflammatory
processes.
transport
bioactive
molecules,
such
as
proteins,
lipids
nucleic
acids,
which
can
influence
chondrocyte
behavior
joint
homeostasis.
Given
properties
regeneration
ability
target
damaged
tissues,
exosomes
represent
a
promising
therapeutic
avenue
for
OA
treatment.
have
potential
promoting
cartilage
repair,
reducing
inflammation
improving
overall
function.
However,
several
challenges
remain,
including
need
standardized
isolation
characterization
methods,
variability
exosomal
content,
regulatory
hurdles.
The
present
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
current
understanding
exosome
mechanisms
potential,
while
also
addressing
ongoing
faced
translating
these
findings
into
clinical
practice.
By
consolidating
existing
research,
pave
way
future
studies
aimed
at
optimizing
exosome‑based
therapies
effective
management.
Journal of Biomedical Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
32(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025
Abstract
The
biomolecular
relevance
of
medium
supplements
is
a
key
challenge
affecting
cell
culture
practice.
composition
commonly
used
differs
from
that
physiological
environment,
the
validity
conclusions
drawn
in
vitro
studies.
This
article
discusses
advantages
and
disadvantages
common
supplements,
including
context-dependent
considerations
for
supplement
selection
to
improve
relevance,
especially
nanomedicine
extracellular
vesicle
research.
Tumor-derived
exosomes
(TDEs)
mediate
oncogenic
communication,
which
modifies
target
cells
to
reinforce
a
tumor-promoting
microenvironment.
TDEs
support
cancer
progression
by
suppressing
anti-tumor
immune
responses,
promoting
metastasis,
and
conferring
drug
resistance.
Thus,
targeting
could
improve
the
efficacy
of
anti-cancer
treatments
control
metastasis.
Current
strategies
inhibit
TDE-mediated
communication
including
drug-based
genetic
modification-based
inhibition
TDE
release
and/or
uptake,
have
proved
be
inefficient.
In
this
work,
we
propose
surface
engineering
express
foreign
antigens
that
will
trigger
life-long
anti-TDE
responses.
The
possibility
combining
vaccines
with
other
such
as
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
targeted
therapy,
surgery
is
also
explored.
Abstract
Nanomedicines
have
demonstrated
significant
potential
in
disease
diagnosis
and
therapy,
revolutionizing
traditional
drug
development
patterns.
Recently,
inspired
by
both
natural
engineering
principles,
synthetic
biology
integrates
the
complexity
of
biological
systems
with
precision
to
design
create
novel
components,
devices,
systems.
This
convergence
nanomedicine
has
led
emergence
a
new
concept:
nanomedicine.
Unlike
or
biomimetic
nanomedicines,
nanomedicines
are
designed
using
gene
engineering‐based
strategies.
In
this
Perspective,
foundational
concepts
introduced
its
relationship
to,
differences
from,
explored.
Drawing
from
biology,
also
incorporates
two
main
approaches:
top‐down
bottom‐up
The
latest
advancements
application
reviewed,
these
developments
categorized
according
aforementioned
strategies,
discussion
advantages
challenges
associated
utilizing
is
concluded.
