Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2021

Exosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long (lncRNAs), and circular (circRNAs), are closely related variety biological functional aspects human health. When the exosomal ncRNAs undergo tissue-specific changes due diverse internal or external disorders, they can cause tissue dysfunction, aging, diseases. In this review, we comprehensively discuss underlying regulatory mechanisms exosomes in addition, explore current knowledge on roles miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs health diseases, including cancers, metabolic neurodegenerative cardiovascular autoimmune infectious determine their potential implication biomarker identification therapeutic exploration.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles from Child Gut Microbiota Enter into Bone to Preserve Bone Mass and Strength

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8(9)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2021

Recently, the gut microbiota (GM) has been shown to be a regulator of bone homeostasis and mechanisms by which GM modulates mass are still being investigated. Here, it is found that colonization with from children (CGM) but not elderly (EGM) prevents decreases in strength conventionally raised, ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals CGM reverses OVX-induced reduction Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk). Direct replenishment Akk sufficient correct imbalanced metabolism protect against osteoporosis. Mechanistic studies show secretion extracellular vesicles (EVs) required for CGM- Akk-induced protective effects these nanovesicles can enter accumulate into tissues attenuate phenotypes augmenting osteogenic activity inhibiting osteoclast formation. The study identifies bacterium mediates CGM-induced anti-osteoporotic presents novel mechanism underlying exchange signals between host bone.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Lactobacillus plantarum Q7 on Gut Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2021

Probiotics plays an important role in regulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics have emerged as potential mediators of host immune response anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effect mechanism EVs on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum Q7-derived extracellular (Q7-EVs) inflammation was investigated C57BL/6J mice. The results showed that Q7-EVs alleviated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, including colon shortening, bleeding, body weight loss. Consumption reduced degree histological damage. DSS-upregulated proinflammatory cytokine levels IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2 TNF-α were significantly by (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing improved dysregulation promoted diversity microbiota. It observed pro-inflammatory bacteria (Proteobacteria) (Bifidobacteria Muribaculaceae) increased. These findings indicated might alleviate ulcerative

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial extracellular vesicles as bioactive nanocarriers for drug delivery: Advances and perspectives

Bioactive Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14, С. 169 - 181

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2021

Nanosized extracellular vesicles derived from bacteria contain diverse cargo and transfer intercellular bioactive molecules to cells. Due their favorable interactions, cell membrane-derived bacterial (BEVs) have great potential become novel drug delivery platforms. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis mechanism compositions of various BEVs. addition, an overview effective isolation purification techniques BEVs is provided. particular, focus on application as nanocarriers for delivery. Finally, advances challenges after providing a comprehensive discussion in each section. We believe that deeper understanding will open new avenues exploitation applications.

Язык: Английский

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Urolithin A suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and postmenopausal osteoporosis by, suppresses inflammation and downstream NF-κB activated pyroptosis pathways

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 174, С. 105967 - 105967

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Glucocorticoid-induced loss of beneficial gut bacterial extracellular vesicles is associated with the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(15)

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2022

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) commonly occurs after glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. The gut microbiota (GM) participates in regulating host health, and its composition can be altered by GC. Here, this study demonstrates that cohousing with healthy mice or colonization GM from normal attenuates GC-induced ONFH. 16S rRNA gene sequencing shows rescues reduction Lactobacillus animalis. Oral supplementation L. animalis mitigates ONFH increasing angiogenesis, augmenting osteogenesis, reducing cell apoptosis. Extracellular vesicles (L. animalis-EVs) contain abundant functional proteins enter to exert proangiogenic, pro-osteogenic, antiapoptotic effects, while abundance is reduced exposure Our suggests involved protecting transferring bacterial EVs, loss EVs associated development

Язык: Английский

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Osteoporosis pathogenesis and treatment: existing and emerging avenues

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2022

Abstract Osteoporotic fractures lead to increased disability and mortality in the elderly population. With rapid increase aging population around globe, more effective treatments for osteoporosis osteoporotic are urgently required. The underlying molecular mechanisms of believed be due activity osteoclasts, decreased osteoblasts, or both, which leads an imbalance bone remodeling process with accelerated resorption attenuated formation. Currently, available clinical have mostly focused on factors influencing remodeling; however, they their own limitations side effects. Recently, cytokine immunotherapy, gene therapy, stem cell therapy become new approaches treatment various diseases. This article reviews latest research mechanisms, as well how this underpins current potential novel osteoporosis.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles from Akkermansia muciniphila Elicit Antitumor Immunity Against Prostate Cancer via Modulation of CD8+ T Cells and Macrophages

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер Volume 16, С. 2949 - 2963

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in males. Despite success immunotherapy many malignant cancers, strategies are still needed to improve therapeutic efficacy PCa. This study aimed investigate effects Akkermansia muciniphila -derived extracellular vesicles ( Akk -EVs) on PCa and elucidate underlying immune-related mechanism. Methods: -EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation intravenously injected treat syngeneic PCa-bearing immune-competent mice. Immunophenotypic changes immune cells, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes macrophages, measured via flow cytometry analysis. Histological examination was used detect morphological major organs after treatments. In vitro, performed confirm activation CD8 + cells. Quantitative PCR immunofluorescence staining carried out test impact macrophage polarization. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) analysis, colony formation assays, scratch wound healing assays conducted assess -EVs-treated macrophages proliferation invasion CCK-8 also confirmed viability normal Results: Intravenous injection mice reduced tumor burden without inducing obvious toxicity tissues. treatment elevated proportion granzyme B-positive (GZMB ) interferon γ-positive (IFN-γ cells caused recruitment, with increased tumor-killing M1 decreased immunosuppressive M2 macrophages. number GZMB IFN-γ M1-like addition, conditioned medium from suppressed prostate Furthermore, effective dose well-tolerated Conclusion: Our revealed promising prospects an efficient biocompatible immunotherapeutic agent for treatment. Keywords: , vesicles, immunotherapy, cancer, lymphocytes,

Язык: Английский

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Aged bone matrix-derived extracellular vesicles as a messenger for calcification paradox

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2022

Adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) instead osteoblast formation contributes to age- and menopause-related adiposity osteoporosis. Vascular calcification often occurs with osteoporosis, a contradictory association called "calcification paradox". Here we show that extracellular vesicles derived from aged matrix (AB-EVs) during resorption favor BMSC adipogenesis rather than osteogenesis augment vascular smooth muscle cells. Intravenous or intramedullary injection AB-EVs promotes bone-fat imbalance exacerbates Vitamin D3 (VD3)-induced in young old mice. Alendronate (ALE), inhibitor, down-regulates release attenuates aging- ovariectomy-induced imbalance. In the VD3-treated mice, ALE suppresses aggravation calcification. MiR-483-5p miR-2861 are enriched essential for AB-EVs-induced exacerbation Our study uncovers role as messenger paradox by transferring miR-483-5p miR-2861.

Язык: Английский

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Akkermansia muciniphila as a Next-Generation Probiotic in Modulating Human Metabolic Homeostasis and Disease Progression: A Role Mediated by Gut–Liver–Brain Axes?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(4), С. 3900 - 3900

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023

Appreciation of the importance Akkermansia muciniphila is growing, and it becoming increasingly relevant to identify preventive and/or therapeutic solutions targeting gut–liver–brain axes for multiple diseases via muciniphila. In recent years, its components such as outer membrane proteins extracellular vesicles have been known ameliorate host metabolic health intestinal homeostasis. However, impacts on disease are complex, both potentially beneficial adverse effects mediated by derivatives, in some cases, these dependent upon physiology microenvironment forms, genotypes, strain sources Therefore, this review aims summarize current knowledge how interacts with influences homeostasis progression. Details will be discussed including biological genetic characteristics; functions anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-metabolic-syndrome, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, anti-neurodegenerative disease, anti-cancer therapy functions; strategies elevate abundance. Key events referred specific states, should facilitate identification muciniphila-based probiotic axes.

Язык: Английский

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