Prolactin (PRL) and Its Receptor: Actions, Signal Transduction Pathways and Phenotypes Observed in PRL Receptor Knockout Mice

Endocrine Reviews, Год журнала: 1998, Номер 19(3), С. 225 - 268

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 1998

I. Introduction II.PRL A. The PRL/GH/PL family B. PRL gene and primary structure C. tertiary D. Extrapituitary III.PRL Receptor (PRLR) class 1 cytokine receptor superfamily PRLR binding activation by IV.Distribution of the PRLRs V. Biological Functions Water electrolyte balance B

Язык: Английский

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The syntax of immune-neuroendocrine communication

Immunology Today, Год журнала: 1994, Номер 15(11), С. 504 - 511

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 1994

Язык: Английский

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Neuroendocrine-Immune Interactions

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 1993, Номер 329(17), С. 1246 - 1253

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 1993

The long-held view that homeostatic mechanisms are integrated by the nervous and endocrine systems has recently been expanded information these interact with immune system. Immune responses alter neural function, in turn, activity modifies immunologic function1. Many regulatory peptides their receptors previously thought to be limited brain or system now known expressed both. Findings link neuroendocrine function provide explanations for response of pituitary adrenal glands infection inflammation alterations pituitary-thyroid .

Язык: Английский

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Sex-related factors in multiple sclerosis susceptibility and progression

Nature Reviews Neurology, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 8(5), С. 255 - 263

Опубликована: Март 27, 2012

Язык: Английский

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Prolactin and autoimmunity

Autoimmunity Reviews, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 11(6-7), С. A465 - A470

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2011

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in autoimmune diseases

Biology of Sex Differences, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 2(1), С. 1 - 1

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2011

Women are more susceptible to a variety of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This increased susceptibility in females compared males is also present animal models such as spontaneous SLE (NZBxNZW)F1 NZM.2328 mice, experimental encephalomyelitis (EAE) SJL thyroiditis, Sjogren's syndrome MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice diabetes non-obese diabetic mice. Indeed, being female confers greater risk developing these than any single genetic or environmental factor discovered date. Understanding how the state so profoundly affects disease would accomplish two major goals. First, it lead an insight into pathways pathogenesis and, secondly, likely novel treatments which disrupt pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of sex hormones on immune function and multiple sclerosis development

Immunology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 156(1), С. 9 - 22

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2018

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting young people and leading to demyelination neurodegeneration. The clearly more common in women, whom incidence has been rising. Gender differences include: earlier onset frequent relapses women; faster progression worse outcomes men. Hormone-related physiological conditions women such as puberty, pregnancy, puerperium, menopause also exert significant influence both on prevalence well outcomes. Hormonal and/or genetic factors are therefore believed be involved regulating course disease. In this review, we discuss clinical evidence for impact sex hormones (estrogens, progesterone, prolactin, testosterone) MS attempt elucidate hormonal immunological mechanisms potentially underlying these changes. We review current knowledge relationship between resident CNS cells provide new insights context MS. Understanding molecular may contribute development safer treatments men women.

Язык: Английский

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Prolactin and Autoimmunity

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2018

The great asymmetry of autoimmune diseases between genders represents one the most enigmatic observations among mosaic autoimmunity. Sex hormones, are believed to play a crucial role on this dimorphism. higher prevalence autoimmunity women at child-bearing ages, disease onset/relapses during pregnancy and post-partum some arguments that support hypothesis. Certainly, motherhood remarkable challenges for immune system, which not only has allow conceptus, but also deal with complex endocrine alterations. Hormonal homeostasis is known exert influence in achieving competent healthy system. Prolactin bioactive function acting as hormone cytokine. It interferes system modulation, mainly inhibiting negative selection autoreactive B lymphocytes. Likewise, hyperprolactinemia been described relation pathogenesis activity several disorders. Dopamine an effective inhibitor prolactin secretion due either direct hypophysis or stimulation postsynaptic dopamine receptors hypothalamus, arousing release inhibitory factor. Hence, agonists have proven offer clinical benefits patients promising therapy be explored. In review, we attempt provide critical overview link prolactin, motherhood.

Язык: Английский

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The Roles of Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Thyroid Hormones in Lymphocyte Development and Function: Insights from Genetic Models of Hormone and Hormone Receptor Deficiency*

Endocrine Reviews, Год журнала: 2000, Номер 21(3), С. 292 - 312

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2000

An extensive literature suggesting that PRL, GH, IGF-I, and thyroid hormones play an important role in immunity has evolved. Because the use of one or more these as immunostimulants humans is being considered, it critical importance to resolve their precise immunity. This review addresses new experimental evidence from analysis lymphocyte development function mice with genetic defects expression receptors calls into question presumed played by some reveals unexpected effects others. These recent findings mutant mouse models are integrated placed context wider on endocrine-immune system interactions. The hypothesis will be developed that, exception a for B cell development, IGF-I not obligate immunoregulators. Instead, they apparently act anabolic stress-modulating most cells, including those immune system.

Язык: Английский

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Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Postpartum Relapses in Women With Multiple Sclerosis

Archives of Neurology, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 66(8), С. 958 - 958

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2009

Objective: To determine if exclusive breastfeeding protects against postpartum relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS) and, so, whether this protection is related to prolonged lactational amenorrhea.Design: We conducted structured interviews assess clinical, menstrual, and history during each trimester 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 months collected neurological examination findings from the treating physicians women with MS.Hazards ratios (HRs) were adjusted for measures disease severity age.

Язык: Английский

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