Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
Electrochemical
oxidation
of
small
molecules
shows
great
promise
to
substitute
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
or
hydrogen
(HOR)
enhance
kinetics
and
reduce
energy
consumption,
as
well
produce
high‐valued
chemicals
serve
fuels.
For
these
reactions,
high‐valence
metal
sites
generated
at
oxidative
potentials
are
typically
considered
active
trigger
the
process
molecules.
Isolated
atom
site
catalysts
(IASCs)
have
been
developed
an
ideal
system
precisely
regulate
state
coordination
environment
single‐metal
centers,
thus
optimize
their
catalytic
property.
The
isolated
in
IASCs
inherently
possess
a
positive
state,
can
be
more
readily
homogeneous
under
than
nanoparticle
counterparts.
Meanwhile,
merely
centers
but
lack
ensemble
sites,
which
alter
adsorption
configurations
compared
with
counterparts,
induce
various
pathways
mechanisms
change
product
selectivity.
More
importantly,
construction
is
discovered
limit
d‐electron
back
donation
CO
2p
*
orbital
overly
strong
on
resolve
poisoning
problems
most
electro‐oxidation
reactions
improve
stability.
Based
advantages
fields
electrochemical
molecules,
this
review
summarizes
recent
developments
advancements
focusing
anodic
HOR
fuel
cells
OER
electrolytic
alternative
such
formic
acid/methanol/ethanol/glycerol/urea/5‐hydroxymethylfurfural
(HMF)
key
reactions.
merits
different
decoding
structure–activity
relationships
specifically
discussed
guide
precise
design
structural
regulation
from
perspective
comprehensive
mechanism.
Finally,
future
prospects
challenges
put
forward,
aiming
motivate
application
possibilities
for
diverse
functional
IASCs.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
146(22), С. 15515 - 15524
Опубликована: Май 24, 2024
The
continuous
dissolution
and
oxidation
of
active
sites
in
Ru-based
electrocatalysts
have
greatly
hindered
their
practical
application
proton
exchange
membrane
water
electrolyzers
(PEMWE).
In
this
work,
we
first
used
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
to
calculate
the
energy
Ru
3d
transition
metal-doped
MRuOx
(M
=
Sc,
Ti,
V,
Cr,
Mn,
Fe,
Co,
Ni,
Cu,
Zn)
evaluate
stability
for
acidic
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
screen
out
ZnRuOx
as
best
candidate.
To
confirm
theoretical
predictions,
experimentally
synthesized
these
materials
found
that
indeed
displays
robust
OER
with
a
negligible
decay
η10
after
15
000
CV
cycles.
Of
importance,
using
anode,
PEMWE
can
run
stably
120
h
at
200
mA
cm–2.
We
also
further
uncover
mechanism
ZnRuOx,
i.e.,
Zn
atoms
doped
outside
nanocrystal
would
form
"Zn-rich"
shell,
which
effectively
shortened
average
Ru–O
bond
lengths
strengthen
interaction
therefore
boosted
intrinsic
OER.
short,
work
not
only
provides
new
study
paradigm
DFT
calculations
guide
experimental
synthesis
but
offers
proof-of-concept
metal
dopants
RuO2
stabilizer
universal
principle
develop
high-durability
catalysts
PEMWE.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
Single-atom
electrocatalysts
(SACs)
are
a
class
of
promising
materials
for
driving
electrochemical
energy
conversion
reactions
due
to
their
intrinsic
advantages,
including
maximum
metal
utilization,
well-defined
active
structures,
and
strong
interface
effects.
However,
SACs
have
not
reached
full
commercialization
broad
industrial
applications.
This
review
summarizes
recent
research
achievements
in
the
design
crucial
electrocatalytic
on
sites,
coordination,
substrates,
as
well
synthesis
methods.
The
key
challenges
facing
activity,
selectivity,
stability,
scalability,
highlighted.
Furthermore,
it
is
pointed
out
new
strategies
address
these
increasing
activity
enhancing
utilization
improving
optimizing
local
environment,
developing
fabrication
techniques,
leveraging
insights
from
theoretical
studies,
expanding
potential
Finally,
views
offered
future
direction
single-atom
electrocatalysis
toward
commercialization.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(14), С. 4847 - 4870
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Based
on
the
advancements
in
atomically
dispersed
multi-site
catalysts
for
FZABs,
this
review
discusses
design
methodologies
to
regulate
performance
of
bifunctional
oxygen
electrocatalysts
from
electronic
and
geometric
structures.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025
Abstract
Numerous
in
situ
characterization
studies
have
focused
on
revealing
the
catalytic
mechanisms
of
single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs),
providing
a
theoretical
basis
for
their
rational
design.
Although
research
is
relatively
limited,
stability
SACs
under
long‐term
operating
conditions
equally
important
and
prerequisite
real‐world
energy
applications,
such
as
fuel
cells
water
electrolyzers.
Recently,
there
has
been
rise
destabilization
regeneration
SACs;
however,
timely
comprehensive
summaries
that
provide
catalysis
community
with
valuable
insights
directions
are
still
lacking.
This
review
summarizes
recent
advances
strategies
SACs,
specifically
highlighting
various
state‐of‐the‐art
techniques
employed
studies.
The
factors
induce
identified
by
discussing
failure
active
sites,
coordination
environments,
supports,
reaction
scenarios.
Next,
primary
introduced,
including
redispersion,
surface
poison
desorption,
exposure
subsurface
sites.
Additionally,
advantages
limitations
both
ex
discussed.
Finally,
future
proposed,
aimed
at
constructing
structure–stability
relationships
guiding
design
more
stable
SACs.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025
Abstract
Catalysis
remains
a
cornerstone
of
chemical
research,
with
the
active
sites
catalysts
being
crucial
for
their
functionality.
Identifying
sites,
particularly
during
reaction
process,
is
elucidating
relationship
between
catalyst's
structure
and
its
catalytic
property.
However,
dynamic
evolution
within
heterogeneous
metal
presents
substantial
challenge
accurately
pinpointing
real
sites.
The
advent
in
situ
operando
characterization
techniques
has
illuminated
path
toward
understanding
changes
offering
robust
scientific
evidence
to
support
rational
design
catalysts.
There
pressing
need
comprehensive
review
that
systematically
explores
among
single
atoms,
clusters,
nanoparticles
as
utilizing
techniques.
This
aims
delineate
effects
various
factors
on
nanoparticles.
Moreover,
several
are
elaborated
emphases
tracking
linking
them
properties.
Finally,
it
discusses
challenges
future
perspectives
identifying
process
advancing
Abstract
Single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs)
are
a
class
of
with
low
dosage,
cost,
and
the
presence
metal
atom‐carrier
interactions
high
catalytic
activity,
which
considered
to
possess
significant
potential
in
field
electrocatalysis.
The
most
important
aspect
synthesis
SACs
is
selection
suitable
carriers.
Metal
carbides,
nitrides,
or
carbon‐nitrides
(MXenes)
widely
used
as
new
type
2D
materials
good
electrical
conductivity
tunable
surface
properties.
abundance
functional
groups
vacancy
defects
on
MXenes
an
ideal
anchoring
site
for
single
atoms
therefore
regarded
carrier
single‐atom
loading.
In
this
work,
preparation
method
MXenes,
loading
mode
SACs,
characterization
catalysts,
electrochemical
performance
described
detail,
some
hot
issues
current
research
future
directions
also
summarized.
aim
work
promote
development
MXene‐based
within
realm
With
ongoing
innovation,
these
expected
be
crucial
energy
conversion
storage
solutions.
