Bacterial Hydrazine Biosynthetic Pathways Featuring Cupin/Methionyl tRNA Synthetase‐like Enzymes

ChemBioChem, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(9)

Опубликована: Март 9, 2024

Nitrogen-Nitrogen (N-N) bond-containing functional groups in natural products and synthetic drugs play significant roles exerting biological activities. The mechanisms of N-N bond formation organic molecules have garnered increasing attention over the decades. Recent advances illuminated various enzymatic nonenzymatic strategies, our understanding construction is rapidly expanding. A group didomain proteins with zinc-binding cupin/methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS)-like domains, also known as hydrazine synthetases, generates amino acid-based hydrazines, which serve key biosynthetic precursors diverse functionalities such hydrazone, diazo, triazene, pyrazole, pyridazinone groups. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on pathways employing unique bond-forming machinery.

Язык: Английский

Recent Developments and Challenges in the Enzymatic Formation of Nitrogen–Nitrogen Bonds

ACS Catalysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1), С. 310 - 342

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024

The biological formation of nitrogen–nitrogen (N–N) bonds represents intriguing reactions that have attracted much attention in the past decade. This interest has led to an increasing number N–N bond-containing natural products (NPs) and related enzymes catalyze their (referred this review as NNzymes) being elucidated studied greater detail. While more detailed information on biosynthesis NPs, which only become available recent years, provides unprecedented source biosynthetic enzymes, potential for biocatalytic applications been minimally explored. With review, we aim not provide a comprehensive overview both characterized NNzymes hypothetical biocatalysts with putative bond forming activity, but also highlight from perspective. We present compare conventional synthetic approaches linear cyclic hydrazines, hydrazides, diazo- nitroso-groups, triazenes, triazoles allow comparison enzymatic routes via these functional groups. Moreover, pathways well diversity reaction mechanisms are presented according direct groups currently accessible enzymes.

Язык: Английский

Access to Nitrogen–nitrogen Bond-Containing Heterocycles Through Substrate Promiscuity of Piperazate Synthases

ACS Catalysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 8846 - 8854

Опубликована: Май 11, 2025

Язык: Английский