Counter Electrode Reactions—Important Stumbling Blocks on the Way to a Working Electro‐organic Synthesis

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 61(47)

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2022

Over the past two decades, electro-organic synthesis has gained significant interest, both in technical and academic research as well terms of applications. The omission stoichiometric oxidizers or reducing agents enables a more sustainable route for redox reactions organic chemistry. Even if it is well-known that every electrochemical oxidation only viable with an associated reduction reaction vice versa, relevance counter often less addressed. In this Review, importance corresponding highlighted how can affect performance selectivity electrolytic conversion. A selection common strategies unique concepts to tackle issue are surveyed provide guide select appropriate synthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Phenols and Related Compounds

ACS Catalysis, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(11), С. 6532 - 6549

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Phenols and their derivatives are the elementary building blocks for several classes of complex molecules that play essential roles in biological systems. Nature has devised methods to selectively couple phenolic compounds, many efforts have been undertaken by chemists mimic such coupling processes. A range mechanisms can be involved, with well-studied catalysts, reaction outcomes phenol–phenol oxidative reactions predicted a good level fidelity. However, catalysts not studied or do behave similarly known hard predict control. This Perspective provides an overview catalytic phenols, focusing on last 10 years, summarizes current challenges.

Язык: Английский

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Trends and Challenges in Electrifying Technical Organic Synthesis

Chemie Ingenieur Technik, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Abstract Organic electrosynthesis is a potential enabler for the energy and resource transition in chemical industry as it offers sustainable alternative to homogeneous or heterogeneous processes producing fine commodity chemicals. It utilizes electricity instead of hazardous reagents and, thus, also allows reducing product's carbon footprint waste production. enables dynamic operation safe due galvanostatic process control. Electro‐organic are not yet widespread. Engineering tools have been tailored electro‐organic processes, more quantitative model‐based insight needed. Extensive adoption requires efforts regarding electrode material performance stability, scalable reactor design, digitization. Addressing these issues interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly between chemists engineers, accelerate implementation with high efficiency economic feasibility.

Язык: Английский

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Csp²–H functionalization of phenols: an effective access route to valuable materials via Csp²–C bond formation

Chemical Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(11), С. 3831 - 3871

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

In the vast majority of top-selling pharmaceutical and industrial products, phenolic structural motifs are highly prevalent. Non-functionalized simple phenols serve as building blocks in synthesis value-added chemicals. It is worth mentioning that lignin, being largest renewable biomass source aromatic nature, mainly consists units, which enable production structurally diverse phenols. Given their remarkable applicability chemical value chain, many efforts have been devoted to increasing molecular complexity scaffold. Among key techniques, direct functionalization Csp

Язык: Английский

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Working at the interfaces of data science and synthetic electrochemistry

Tetrahedron Chem, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 1, С. 100012 - 100012

Опубликована: Март 1, 2022

Electrochemistry is quickly entering the mainstream of synthetic organic chemistry. The diversity new transformations enabled by electrochemistry to a large extent consequence unique features and reaction parameters in electrochemical systems including redox mediators, applied potential, electrode material, cell construction. While offering chemists means control reactivity selectivity, these additional also increase dimensionalities system complicate its optimization. This challenge, however, has spawned increasing adoption data science tools aid discovery as well development high-throughput screening platforms that facilitate generation high quality datasets. In this Perspective, we provide an overview recent advances data-science driven with emphasis on opportunities challenges facing growing subdiscipline.

Язык: Английский

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Electrochemical synthesis of N,N′-disubstituted indazolin-3-ones via an intramolecular anodic dehydrogenative N–N coupling reaction

Chemical Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(27), С. 8180 - 8186

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

A novel sustainable electrochemical synthetic route to N , ′-disubstituted indazolin-3-ones by direct anodic oxidation with mild reaction conditions, a simple galvanostatic setup, broad scope and excellent scalability is established.

Язык: Английский

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Photoelectrocatalyzed undirected C–H trifluoromethylation of arenes: catalyst evaluation and scope

Faraday Discussions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 247, С. 79 - 86

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

More than a dozen different mediators were employed in the trifluoromethylation of (hetero-)arenes to compare them their efficacies.

Язык: Английский

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Electrochemically enabled oxidative aromatization of pyrazolines

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(22), С. 4694 - 4701

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Electrochemical oxidation of pyrazolines mediated by ubiquitous sodium chloride readily enables access to a broad variety pyrazoles in sustainable manner.

Язык: Английский

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High-Throughput Experimentation for Electrochemistry

ACS symposium series, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 167 - 187

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2022

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVChapterNEXTHigh-Throughput Experimentation for ElectrochemistryJonas ReinJonas Rein Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United StatesMore by Jonas Rein, Song Lin*Song Lin States*Email: [email protected]More Lin, Dipannita Kalyani*Dipannita Kalyani Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, Jersey 07033, Kalyani, Dan Lehnherr*Dan Lehnherr Process Research Development, Rahway, 07065, LehnherrDOI: 10.1021/bk-2022-1419.ch010Publication Date (Web):November 15, 2022Publication History Published online15 November 2022RIGHTS PERMISSIONSThe Power High-Throughput Experimentation: General Topics Enabling Technologies Synthesis Catalysis (Volume 1)Chapter 10pp 167-187ACS Symposium SeriesVol. 1419ISBN13: 9780841297579eISBN: 9780841297562 Copyright © 2022 American SocietyChapter Views171Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated to reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (6 MB) SUBJECTS:Electrodes,Electrolysis,Electrosynthesis,Materials,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts

Язык: Английский

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Self‐Standing Metal Foam Catalysts for Cathodic Electro‐Organic Synthesis

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(9)

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2023

Abstract Although electro‐organic synthesis is currently receiving renewed interest because of its potential to enable sustainability in chemical processes value‐added products, challenges process development persist: For reductive transformations performed protic media, an inherent issue the limited choice metallic cathode materials that can effectively suppress parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while maintaining a high activity toward targeted reaction. Current trends are aimed at avoiding previously used HER‐suppressing elements (Cd, Hg, and Pb) their toxicity. Here, this work reports rational design highly porous foam‐type binary ternary electrocatalysts with reduced Pb content. Optimized cathodes tested reductions using oxime nitrile transformation as model relevant for fine chemicals. Their electrocatalytic performance compared CuSn7Pb15 bronze alloy has recently been endorsed best replacement bare electrodes. All developed metal foam catalysts outperform both benchmark terms yield energetic efficiency. Moreover, post‐electrolysis analysis crude electrolyte mixture cathode's surfaces through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, reveal catalysts’ elevated resistance cathodic corrosion.

Язык: Английский

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