Increasing taxonomic diversity and spatial resolution clarifies opportunities for protecting US imperiled species

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2022

Abstract Continental‐ and regional‐scale assessments of gaps in protected area networks typically use relatively coarse range maps for well documented species groups, creating uncertainty about the fate unexamined biodiversity providing insufficient guidance land managers. By building habitat suitability models a taxonomically diverse group 2216 imperiled plants animals, we revealed comprehensive detailed protection opportunities conterminous United States. Summing protection‐weighted range‐size rarity (PWRSR, product percent modeled outside areas inverse extent) uncovered novel patterns importance. Concentrations unprotected places such as northern Sierra Nevada, central Arizona, Rocky Mountains Utah Colorado, southeastern Texas, southwestern Arkansas, Florida's Lake Wales Ridge have rarely if ever been featured continental‐ analyses. Inclusion taxa (vertebrates, freshwater mussels, crayfishes, bumble bees, butterflies, skippers, vascular plants) partially drove these new patterns. When analyses were restricted to groups included previous studies (birds, mammals, amphibians), up 53% other left out. The finer resolution inputs (990 m) also resulted more geographically dispersed pattern. For example, 90% human population States lives within 50 km one or with high PWRSR scores. Over one‐half 818 occurs federally lands managed protection; an additional 360 over their on federal multiple land. Freshwater animals occur poorer landscape condition but less exposure climate change than suggesting that restoration is important conservation strategy species. results provide fine‐scale, local regional priority‐setting show although efforts are still widely needed private lands, notable gains can be achieved by increasing status selected lands.

Язык: Английский

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Increasing the resilience of ecological restoration to extreme climatic events

Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(5), С. 310 - 318

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Extreme climatic events (ECEs) are increasing in frequency and magnitude as part of global climate change, with severe consequences for both nature human societies. While many restoration projects account gradual ECEs rarely considered. Through a literature search the use expert opinion, we reviewed impacts on habitat projects, degree to which they were resilient. had overwhelmingly negative restoration, although some also reported positive outcomes. The severity impact varied among within projects. Nearly all that included more than one focal species, life stage or genotype, method, site, type, microhabitat better outcomes at least these project aspects. We suggest practitioners may be able reduce risk from future through portfolio approach, incorporating heterogeneity into design, including site selection propagule choices.

Язык: Английский

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A framework for climate change adaptation indicators for the natural environment

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 136, С. 108690 - 108690

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2022

Impacts of climate change on natural and human systems will become increasingly severe as the magnitude increases. Climate adaptation interventions to address current projected impacts are thus paramount. Yet, evidence their effectiveness remains limited, highlighting need for appropriate ecological indicators measure progress environment. We outline conceptual, analytical, practical challenges in developing such indicators, before proposing a framework with three process-based two results-based indicator types track adapting change. emphasize importance dynamic assessment modification over time, new targets set and/or intervention actions monitored evaluated. Our proposed flexible widely applicable across species, habitats, monitoring programmes, could be accommodated within existing national or international frameworks enable evaluation both large-scale policy instruments local management interventions. conclude by suggesting further work required develop these fully, hope this stimulate use evaluate environment globe.

Язык: Английский

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When will a changing climate outpace adaptive evolution?

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Abstract Decades of research have illuminated the underlying ingredients that determine scope evolutionary responses to climate change. The field biology therefore stands ready take what it has learned about influences upon rate adaptive evolution—such as population demography, generation time, and standing genetic variation—and apply assess if how populations can evolve fast enough “keep pace” with Here, our review highlights contribute still needs learn provide more mechanistic predictions winners losers We begin by developing broad for contemporary evolution change based on theory. then discuss methods assessing climate‐driven evolution, including quantitative studies, experimental space‐for‐time substitutions. After providing this mechanism‐focused overview both evidence specifically, evolving keep pace change, we next consider factors limit actual responses. In context, dual role phenotypic plasticity in facilitating but also impeding Finally, detail a deeper consideration constraints improve forecasts inform conservation management decisions. This article is categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes Extinction Risk Assessing Impacts Climate Change Evaluating Future

Язык: Английский

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Ecological restoration and rewilding: two approaches with complementary goals?

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 99(3), С. 820 - 836

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024

As we enter the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030) and address urgent need to protect restore ecosystems their ecological functions at large scales, rewilding has been brought into limelight. Interest in this discipline is thus increasing, with a number of conceptual scientific papers published recent years. Increasing enthusiasm led discussions debates community about differences between restoration rewilding. The main goal review compare clarify position each field. Our results show that despite some (e.g. top-down versus bottom-up functional taxonomic approaches) notably distinct goals - recovery defined historically determined target ecosystem natural processes often no endpoint have common scope: following anthropogenic degradation. expanded progress However, it unclear whether there paradigm shift moving towards or vice versa. We underline complementarity time space To conclude, argue reconciliation these two fields nature conservation ensure could create synergy achieve scope.

Язык: Английский

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