Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
44(1), С. 49 - 67
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2021
Animal
behavior
was
classically
considered
to
be
determined
exclusively
by
neuronal
activity,
whereas
surrounding
glial
cells
such
as
astrocytes
played
only
supportive
roles.
However,
are
numerous
neurons
in
the
mammalian
brain,
and
current
findings
indicate
a
chemically
based
dialog
between
neurons.
Activation
of
synaptically
released
neurotransmitters
converges
on
regulating
intracellular
Ca2+
astrocytes,
which
then
can
regulate
efficacy
near
distant
tripartite
synapses
at
diverse
timescales
through
gliotransmitter
release.
Here,
we
discuss
recent
evidence
how
behaviors
impacted
this
dialog.
These
support
paradigm
shift
neuroscience,
animal
does
not
result
from
activity
but
coordinated
both
Decoding
interact
with
each
other
various
brain
circuits
will
fundamental
fully
understanding
originate
become
dysregulated
disease.
Non-rapid
eye
movement
(NREM)
sleep,
characterized
by
slow-wave
electrophysiological
activity,
underlies
several
critical
functions,
including
learning
and
memory.
However,
NREM
sleep
is
heterogeneous,
varying
in
duration,
depth,
spatially
across
the
cortex.
While
these
features
are
thought
to
be
largely
independently
regulated,
there
also
evidence
that
they
mechanistically
coupled.
To
investigate
how
cortical
controlled,
we
examined
astrocytic
network,
comprising
a
cortex-wide
syncytium
influences
population-level
neuronal
activity.
We
quantified
endogenous
astrocyte
activity
mice
over
natural
wake,
then
manipulated
specific
G-protein-coupled
receptor
(GPCR)
signaling
pathways
vivo.
find
Gi-
Gq-coupled
GPCR
separately
control
depth
respectively,
causes
differential
changes
local
remote
These
data
support
model
which
network
serves
as
hub
for
regulating
distinct
features.
Frontiers in Neural Circuits,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2022
Astrocytes
are
non-neuronal
cells
that
regulate
synapses,
neuronal
circuits,
and
behavior.
ensheath
synapses
to
form
the
tripartite
synapse
where
astrocytes
influence
formation,
function,
plasticity.
Beyond
synapse,
recent
research
has
revealed
astrocyte
influences
on
nervous
system
extend
modulation
of
circuitry
Here
we
review
findings
active
role
in
behavioral
with
a
focus
vivo
studies,
primarily
mice.
Using
tools
acutely
manipulate
astrocytes,
such
as
optogenetics
or
chemogenetics,
studies
reviewed
here
have
demonstrated
causal
for
sleep,
memory,
sensorimotor
behaviors,
feeding,
fear,
anxiety,
cognitive
processes
like
attention
flexibility.
Current
future
directions
astrocyte-specific
manipulation,
including
methods
probing
heterogeneity,
discussed.
Understanding
contribution
circuit
activity
organismal
behavior
will
be
critical
toward
understanding
how
function
gives
rise
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
40(8), С. 111280 - 111280
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022
Dysfunctions
of
network
activity
and
functional
connectivity
(FC)
represent
early
events
in
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
but
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
Astrocytes
regulate
local
neuronal
healthy
brain,
their
involvement
hyperactivity
AD
is
unknown.
We
show
increased
FC
human
cingulate
cortex
several
years
before
amyloid
deposition.
find
same
disruption
AppNL-F
mice.
Crucially,
these
disruptions
are
accompanied
by
decreased
astrocyte
calcium
signaling.
Recovery
astrocytic
normalizes
FC,
as
well
seizure
susceptibility
day/night
behavioral
disruptions.
In
conclusion,
we
that
astrocytes
mediate
initial
features
drive
clinically
relevant
phenotypes.
Glia,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
70(8), С. 1455 - 1466
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022
Abstract
Astrocytes
are
known
to
influence
neuronal
activity
through
different
mechanisms,
including
the
homeostatic
control
of
extracellular
levels
ions
and
neurotransmitters
exchange
signaling
molecules
that
regulate
synaptic
formation,
structure,
function.
While
a
great
effort
done
in
past
has
defined
many
molecular
mechanisms
cellular
processes
involved
astrocyte‐neuron
interactions
at
level,
consequences
these
network
level
vivo
have
only
relatively
recently
been
identified.
This
review
describes
discusses
recent
findings
on
regulatory
effects
astrocytes
networks
vivo.
Accumulating
but
still
limited,
evidence
indicates
rhythmic
synchronization
as
well
brain
states.
These
studies
demonstrate
critical
contribution
paving
way
for
more
thorough
understanding
bases
