Tissue macrophages: origin, heterogenity, biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
Abstract
Macrophages
are
immune
cells
belonging
to
the
mononuclear
phagocyte
system.
They
play
crucial
roles
in
defense,
surveillance,
and
homeostasis.
This
review
systematically
discusses
types
of
hematopoietic
progenitors
that
give
rise
macrophages,
including
primitive
progenitors,
erythro-myeloid
stem
cells.
These
have
distinct
genetic
backgrounds
developmental
processes.
Accordingly,
macrophages
exhibit
complex
diverse
functions
body,
phagocytosis
clearance
cellular
debris,
antigen
presentation,
response,
regulation
inflammation
cytokine
production,
tissue
remodeling
repair,
multi-level
regulatory
signaling
pathways/crosstalk
involved
homeostasis
physiology.
Besides,
tumor-associated
a
key
component
TME,
exhibiting
both
anti-tumor
pro-tumor
properties.
Furthermore,
functional
status
is
closely
linked
development
various
diseases,
cancer,
autoimmune
disorders,
cardiovascular
disease,
neurodegenerative
metabolic
conditions,
trauma.
Targeting
has
emerged
as
promising
therapeutic
strategy
these
contexts.
Clinical
trials
macrophage-based
targeted
drugs,
immunotherapies,
nanoparticle-based
therapy
were
comprehensively
summarized.
Potential
challenges
future
directions
targeting
also
been
discussed.
Overall,
our
highlights
significance
this
versatile
cell
human
health
which
expected
inform
research
clinical
practice.
Язык: Английский
Microglia in Ischemic Stroke: Pathogenesis Insights and Therapeutic Challenges
Xinyao Shui,
Jingsong Chen,
Ziyue Fu
и другие.
Journal of Inflammation Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
Volume 17, С. 3335 - 3352
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Abstract:
Ischemic
stroke
is
the
most
common
type
of
stroke,
which
main
cause
death
and
disability
on
a
global
scale.
As
primary
immune
cells
in
brain
that
are
crucial
for
preserving
homeostasis
central
nervous
system
microenvironment,
microglia
have
been
found
to
exhibit
dual
or
even
multiple
effects
at
different
stages
ischemic
stroke.
The
anti-inflammatory
polarization
release
neurotrophic
factors
may
provide
benefits
by
promoting
neurological
recovery
lesion
early
phase
after
However,
pro-inflammatory
secretion
inflammatory
later
injury
exacerbate
lesion,
suggesting
therapeutic
potential
modulating
balance
microglial
predispose
them
transformation
Microglia-mediated
signaling
crosstalk
with
other
also
be
key
improving
functional
outcomes
following
Thus,
this
review
provides
an
overview
functions
responses
under
physiological
conditions,
including
activation,
polarization,
interactions
cells.
We
focus
approaches
promote
microglia,
inhibit
enhance
beneficial
cell-to-cell
interactions.
These
targets
hold
promise
creation
innovative
strategies.
Keywords:
phagocytosis,
crosstalk,
anti-inflammatory,
Язык: Английский
Established and emerging techniques for the study of microglia: visualization, depletion, and fate mapping
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
The
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
is
an
essential
hub
for
neuronal
communication.
As
a
major
component
of
the
CNS,
glial
cells
are
vital
in
maintenance
and
regulation
network
dynamics.
Research
on
microglia,
resident
innate
immune
has
advanced
considerably
recent
years,
our
understanding
their
diverse
functions
continues
to
grow.
Microglia
play
critical
roles
formation
synapses,
myelination,
responses
injury,
neurogenesis,
inflammation,
many
other
physiological
processes.
In
parallel
with
advances
microglial
biology,
cutting-edge
techniques
characterization
properties
have
emerged
increasing
depth
precision.
Labeling
tools
reporter
models
important
study
morphology,
ultrastructure,
dynamics,
but
also
isolation,
which
required
glean
key
phenotypic
information
through
single-cell
transcriptomics
emerging
approaches.
Strategies
selective
depletion
modulation
can
provide
novel
insights
into
microglia-targeted
treatment
strategies
neuropsychiatric
neurodegenerative
conditions,
cancer,
autoimmunity.
Finally,
fate
mapping
as
tool
answer
fundamental
questions
about
including
origin,
migration,
proliferation
throughout
lifetime
organism.
This
review
aims
comprehensive
discussion
these
established
techniques,
applications
microglia
development,
homeostasis,
CNS
pathologies.
Язык: Английский
Microglial Colonization Routes and Their Impacts on Cellular Diversity
Neuroscience Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Transplanting Microglia for Treating CNS Injuries and Neurological Diseases and Disorders, and Prospects for Generating Exogenic Microglia
Cell Transplantation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
32
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Microglia
are
associated
with
a
wide
range
of
both
neuroprotective
and
neuroinflammatory
functions
in
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
during
development
throughout
lifespan.
Chronically
activated
dysfunctional
microglia
found
many
diseases
disorders,
such
as
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
CNS-related
injuries,
can
accelerate
or
worsen
condition.
Transplantation
studies
designed
to
replace
supplement
healthy
offer
promising
strategy
for
addressing
microglia-mediated
neuroinflammation
pathologies.
This
review
will
cover
microglial
involvement
neurological
disorders
current
transplantation
strategies,
different
approaches
considerations
generating
exogenic
microglia.
Язык: Английский
The zinc finger transcription factor Sall1 is required for the early developmental transition of microglia in mouse embryos
Glia,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
70(9), С. 1720 - 1733
Опубликована: Май 14, 2022
Abstract
Microglia
play
many
critical
roles
in
neural
development.
Recent
single‐cell
RNA‐sequencing
studies
have
found
diversity
of
microglia
both
across
different
stages
and
within
the
same
stage
developing
brain.
However,
how
such
is
controlled
during
development
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
we
first
expression
macrophage
mannose
receptor
CD206
early‐stage
embryonic
on
mouse
brain
sections.
This
showed
a
sharp
decline
between
E12.5
E13.5
central
nervous
system.
We
next
tested
microglia‐expressed
zinc
finger
transcription
factor
SALL1
early
transition
gene
expression.
By
deleting
Sall1
specifically
microglia,
that
continued
to
express
when
it
normally
downregulated.
addition,
mutant
show
less
ramified
morphology
comparison
with
controls
even
into
postnatal
stages.
Thus,
required
for
more
mature
status
Язык: Английский
Maternal gastrointestinal nematode infection alters hippocampal neuroimmunity, promotes synaptic plasticity, and improves resistance to direct infection in offspring
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
The
developing
brain
is
vulnerable
to
maternal
bacterial
and
viral
infections
which
induce
strong
inflammatory
responses
in
the
mother
that
are
mimicked
offspring
brain,
resulting
irreversible
neurodevelopmental
defects,
associated
cognitive
behavioural
impairments.
In
contrast,
infection
during
pregnancy
lactation
with
immunoregulatory
murine
intestinal
nematode,
Heligmosomoides
bakeri,
upregulates
expression
of
genes
long-term
potentiation
(LTP)
synaptic
networks
neonatal
uninfected
offspring,
enhances
spatial
memory
juvenile
offspring.
As
hippocampus
involved
navigation
sensitive
immune
events
development,
here
we
assessed
hippocampal
gene
expression,
LTP,
neuroimmunity
3-week-old
born
H.
bakeri
infected
mothers.
Further,
as
immunity
shapes
system,
impact
on
ability
resist
direct
infection.
response
infection,
found
an
enhanced
propensity
LTP
at
Schaffer
collateral
synapses,
consistent
RNA-seq
data
indicating
accelerated
development
glutamatergic
synapses
relative
those
from
Hippocampal
analysis
mothers
revealed
increased
neurogenesis,
gliogenesis,
myelination.
Furthermore,
improved
resistance
correlated
transfer
parasite-specific
IgG1
their
serum.
immunohistochemistry
suggest
Th2/Treg
biased
recapitulating
peripheral
immunoregulation
These
findings
indicate
alters
neural
a
manner
accelerates
maturation
promote
Язык: Английский
Emerging Techniques for the Study of Microglia: Visualization, Depletion and Fate Mapping
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023
The
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
is
an
essential
hub
for
neuronal
communication.
As
a
major
component
of
the
CNS,
glial
cells
are
vital
in
maintenance
and
regulation
network
dynamics.
Research
on
microglia,
resident
innate
immune
has
advanced
considerably
recent
years,
our
understanding
their
diverse
functions
continues
to
grow.
Microglia
play
critical
roles
formation
synapses,
myelination,
responses
injury,
neurogenesis,
inflammation
many
other
physiological
processes.
In
parallel
with
advances
microglial
biology,
cutting-edge
techniques
characterization
properties
have
emerged
increasing
depth
precision.
Labeling
tools
reporter
models
important
study
morphology,
ultrastructure
dynamics,
but
also
isolation,
which
required
glean
key
phenotypic
information
through
single-cell
transcriptomics
emerging
approaches.
Strategies
selective
depletion
modulation
can
provide
novel
insights
into
microglia-targeted
treatment
strategies
neuropsychiatric
neurodegenerative
conditions,
cancer
autoimmunity.
Finally,
fate
mapping
as
tool
answer
fundamental
questions
about
including
origin,
migration
proliferation
throughout
lifetime
organism.
This
review
aims
comprehensive
discussion
these
techniques,
applications
microglia
development,
homeostasis
CNS
pathologies.
Язык: Английский
Maternal gastrointestinal nematode infection alters hippocampal neuroimmunity, promotes synaptic plasticity, and improves resistance to direct infection in offspring.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024
Abstract
The
developing
brain
is
vulnerable
to
maternal
bacterial
and
viral
infection
which
induce
strong
inflammatory
responses
in
the
mother
that
are
mimicked
offspring
brain,
resulting
irreversible
neurodevelopmental
defects,
associated
cognitive
behavioural
impairments.
In
contrast,
with
immunoregulatory
murine
intestinal
nematode,
Heligmosomoides
bakeri,
upregulates
expression
of
genes
long-term
potentiation
(LTP)
synaptic
networks
neonatal
uninfected
offspring,
enhances
spatial
memory
juvenile
offspring.
As
hippocampus
involved
navigation
sensitive
immune
events
during
development,
here
we
assessed
hippocampal
gene
expression,
LTP,
neuroimmunity
three-week-old
born
H.
bakeri
infected
mothers.
Further,
as
immunity
shapes
system,
impact
on
ability
resist
direct
infection.
response
infection,
found
an
enhanced
propensity
consistent
RNA-seq
data
indicating
accelerated
development
glutamatergic
synapses
relative
those
from
Hippocampal
analysis
mothers
revealed
increased
neurogenesis,
gliogenesis,
myelination.
Furthermore,
improved
resistance
correlated
transfer
parasite-specific
IgG1
their
serum.
immunohistochemistry
suggest
Th2/Treg
biased
recapitulating
peripheral
immunoregulation
These
findings
indicate
alters
neural
a
manner
accelerates
maturation
promote
Язык: Английский
Bidirectional causality between micronutrients and mental illness: Mendelian randomization studies
Journal of Affective Disorders,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
369, С. 718 - 764
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024
Previous
observational
clinical
research
has
suggested
a
link
between
micronutrients
and
psychiatric
conditions.
However,
the
causal
relationship
these
nutrients
mental
health
disorders
remains
uncertain.
This
study
endeavors
to
fill
this
knowledge
gap
by
employing
Mendelian
randomization
(MR)
analysis
on
pooled
data
from
genome-wide
association
studies
(GWAS),
aiming
explore
potential
associations
20
prevalent
7
common
disorders.
Язык: Английский