Functional genomics of Brassica napus: Progress, challenges, and perspectives

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 66(3), С. 484 - 509

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Brassica napus , commonly known as rapeseed or canola, is a major oil crop contributing over 13% to the stable supply of edible vegetable worldwide. Identification and understanding gene functions in B. genome crucial for genomic breeding. A group genes controlling agronomic traits have been successfully cloned through functional genomics studies . In this review, we present an overview progress made including availability germplasm resources, omics databases genes. Based on current progress, also highlight main challenges perspectives field. The advances contribute better genetic basis underlying complex will expedite breeding high quality, resistance yield varieties.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques and new breeding strategies in cereals – current status, improvements, and perspectives

Biotechnology Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 69, С. 108248 - 108248

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2023

Cereal crops, including triticeae species (barley, wheat, rye), as well edible cereals (wheat, corn, rice, oat, rye, sorghum), are significant suppliers for human consumption, livestock feed, and breweries. Over the past half-century, modern varieties of cereal crops with increased yields have contributed to global food security. However, presently cultivated elite crop were developed mainly optimal environmental conditions. Thus, it has become evident that taking into account ongoing climate changes, currently a priority should be given developing new stress-tolerant cultivars. It is necessary enhance accuracy methods time required generate cultivars desired features adapt change keep up world population expansion. The CRISPR/Cas9 system been powerful versatile genome editing tool achieve desirable traits, such high-yielding, stress-tolerant, disease-resistant transgene-free lines in major cereals. Despite recent advances, application faces several challenges, amount develop lines, laboriousness, limited number genotypes may used transformation vitro regeneration. Additionally, through restricted many countries, especially Europe New Zealand, due lack flexibility GMO regulations. This review provides comprehensive update researchers interested improving using gene-editing technologies, CRISPR/Cas9. We will some critical studies on improvements their contributing factors superior technologies.

Язык: Английский

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RNA Pol III promoters—key players in precisely targeted plant genome editing

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein Cas) system is a powerful and highly precise gene-editing tool in basic applied research for crop improvement programs. CRISPR/Cas being extensively used plants to improve yield, quality, nutritional value make them tolerant environmental stresses. consists of Cas with DNA endonuclease activity one CRISPR RNA transcript that processed form or several guide RNAs direct Cas9 the target sequence. expression levels proteins gRNAs significantly influence editing efficiency CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing. This review focuses on insights into Pol III promoters their types govern sgRNA system. We discussed structural functional characteristics comparison II promoters. Further, use synthetic increase targeting overcome structural, functional, expressional limitations has been discussed. Our reports various studies illustrate endogenous U6/U3 improving applicative approach species-specific pol model crops like Arabidopsis tobacco, cereals, legumes, oilseed, horticultural crops. further highlight significance optimizing these promoters’ systematic identification validation biotic abiotic stress tolerance through mediated

Язык: Английский

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Advancing vegetable genetics with gene editing: a pathway to food security and nutritional resilience in climate-shifted environments

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the gene pool ofBrassica napusby genomics‐based approaches

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(9), С. 1693 - 1712

Опубликована: Май 25, 2021

Summary De novo allopolyploidization in Brassica provides a very successful model for reconstructing polyploid genomes using progenitor species and relatives to broaden crop gene pools understand genome evolution after polyploidy, interspecific hybridization exotic introgression. B. napus (AACC), the major cultivated rapeseed third largest oilseed world, is young with limited genetic base resulting from its short history of domestication, cultivation, intensive selection during breeding target economic traits. However, pool has been significantly enriched recent decades that benefit worldwide effects by introduction abundant subgenomic variation novel genomic via intraspecific, intergeneric crosses. An important question this respect how utilize such breed crops adapted changing global climate. Here, we review diversity, structure, population‐level differentiation relation known introgressions various Brassicaceae, especially those elucidated genome‐sequencing projects. We also summarize progress cloning, trait‐marker associations, editing, molecular marker‐assisted genome‐wide prediction, describe challenges opportunities these techniques as platforms exploit their value pool. Future will accelerate creation manipulation diversity genomic‐based improvement, well provide insights into neo‐domestication reconstructed genomes.

Язык: Английский

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Progress in gene editing tools, implications and success in plants: a review

Frontiers in Genome Editing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

Genetic modifications are made through diverse mutagenesis techniques for crop improvement programs. Among these tools, the traditional methods involve chemical and radiation-induced mutagenesis, resulting in off-target unintended mutations genome. However, recent advances have introduced site-directed nucleases (SDNs) gene editing, significantly reducing changes genome compared to induced naturally occurring breeding populations. SDNs revolutionized genetic engineering, enabling precise editing decades. One widely used method, homology-directed repair (HDR), has been effective accurate base substitution alterations some plant species. its application limited due inefficiency of HDR cells prevalence error-prone pathway known as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The discovery CRISPR-Cas a game-changer this field. This system induces by creating double-strand breaks (DSBs) repairing them associated pathways like NHEJ. As result, extensively transform plants function analysis enhance desirable traits. Researchers significant progress engineering years, particularly understanding mechanism. led various variants, including CRISPR-Cas13, CRISPR interference, activation, editors, primes CRASPASE, new that cleaves proteins. Moreover, technologies prime editor approaches offer excellent opportunities engineering. These cutting-edge tools opened up avenues rapidly manipulating genomes. review article provides comprehensive overview current state focusing on recently developed alteration their potential applications research.

Язык: Английский

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Transforming field crops with CRISPR/Cas: a new era in genome editing

Rendiconti lincei. Scienze fisiche e naturali, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Global Assessment of Oilseed Brassica Crop Species Yield, Yield Stability and the Underlying Genetics

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(20), С. 2740 - 2740

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2022

The global demand for oilseeds is increasing along with the human population. family of Brassicaceae crops are no exception, typically harvested as a valuable source oil, rich in beneficial molecules important health. capacity improving Brassica yield has steadily risen over last 50 years, major crop napus (rapeseed, canola) production to ~72 Gt 2020. In contrast, mustard fluctuated, rarely farming efficiency. drastic increase B. largely due stable cooking oil. Furthermore, adoption highly efficient techniques, enhancement programs, breeding integration high-throughput phenotyping technology and establishing underlying genetics, yields have increased by >450 fold since 1978. Yield stability been improved new management strategies targeting diseases pests, well understanding complex interaction environment, phenotype genotype. This review assesses agriculturally oilseed species discusses how contemporary genetic techniques driven improvements.

Язык: Английский

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Applications and Potential of Genome Editing in Industrial Crop Improvement

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Applications of Genomics and Genome-Editing Technologies in Oil Crops

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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