PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(12), С. e3002448 - e3002448
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023
Globally, obesity is on the rise. Research over past 20 years has highlighted far-reaching multisystem complications of obesity, but a better understanding its complex pathogenesis needed to identify safe and lasting solutions.
Язык: Английский
Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7943 - 7943
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2024
This narrative review explores the pathophysiology of obesity, cellular senescence, and exosome release. When exposed to excessive nutrients, adipocytes develop mitochondrial dysfunction generate reactive oxygen species with DNA damage. triggers adipocyte hypertrophy hypoxia, inhibition adiponectin secretion adipogenesis, increased endoplasmic reticulum stress maladaptive unfolded protein response, metaflammation, polarization macrophages. Such feed-forward cycles are not resolved by antioxidant systems, heat shock response pathways, or repair mechanisms, resulting in transmissible senescence via autocrine, paracrine, endocrine signaling. Senescence can thus affect preadipocytes, mature adipocytes, tissue macrophages lymphocytes, hepatocytes, vascular endothelium, pancreatic β cells, myocytes, hypothalamic nuclei, renal podocytes. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype is closely related visceral adipose expansion metaflammation; SIRT-1, adiponectin, autophagy; release exosomes, exosomal micro-RNAs, pro-inflammatory adipokines, saturated free fatty acids. hypernefemia, insulin resistance, diminished acid β-oxidation lead lipotoxicity progressive metabolic syndrome, physical cognitive functional decline. Weight cycling continuing immunosenescence exposure palmitate. Cellular release, contribute obesity syndrome. Targeted therapies have interrelated synergistic effects on premature aging.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
BioEssays, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024
Abstract The global obesity epidemic results from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, with diet being prominent modifiable element driving weight gain adiposity. Although excess intake energetic macronutrients is implicated in causing obesity, ongoing debate centers on whether sugar or fat both are the rising rates. This has led to competing models such as “Carbohydrate Insulin Model”, “Energy Balance “Fructose Survival Hypothesis”. Conflicting evidence studies designed focus individual energy rather than macronutrient mixtures underlies this disagreement. Recent research humans animals employing nutritional geometry framework (NGF) emphasizes importance considering interactions among dietary components. Protein interacts carbohydrates, fats, density influence calorie (“protein leverage”) and, directly indirectly, metabolic physiology Consideration these can help reconcile different potentially cast new light interventions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1), С. 119 - 119
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Background/Objectives: Obesity is associated with food intake, drinking, and nutrition. It necessary to examine the association between body mass index (BMI), weight changes, incidence of hypertension, focusing on potential sex differences. Methods: A retrospective two-point cohort study was conducted using data from Japanese Specific Health Checkup program 2011 2013. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed assess associations BMI, change, hypertension onset, adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle factors, including smoking, exercise. Results: In total, 397,181 participants analyzed. higher BMI linked a risk an odds ratio (OR) 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–1.12) both sexes. Women aged 40–65 showed ORs than men. Weight gain developing OR CI) 1.09 (1.09–1.10) in men 1.08 (1.07–1.08) women. This held across all levels, even among individuals without obesity, effect being generally stronger Conclusions: Both change contribute development healthy population, differences based sex. reduction may reduce emphasizing importance stability through nutrition control, particularly
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1973 - 1982
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024
Background: There has been significant increase in global prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). It necessitates a holistic approach to care. Therefore, this systematic review explores T2D management's multifaceted nature. Thus, emphasizes on three pivotal dimensions which include nutritional interventions, adherence strategies, and social determinants health (SDOH). T2D's complexity is shaped by genetics, environment, lifestyle factors. However, it requires comprehensive beyond traditional pharmaceutical interventions. Methods: Within the last decade rigorous search strategy following PRISMA guidelines identified 29 relevant studies published. were selected based their focus management, SDOH. data systematically assessed extracted for quality relevance. Results: Nutritional interventions dietary patterns. These are mediterranean diet, low-carbohydrate diets, plant-based diets included it. They have shown promise improving glycemic control. also helps reducing cardiovascular risk factors patients. personalized nutrition tailored individual genetics metabolism emerging approach. Furthermore, patient-centered such as education goal setting, empower individuals actively participate So, healthcare provider communication cultural competence play critical roles. Addressing SDOH, income disparities food insecurity, integral management. To tackle these community-based programs policy changes essential. Conclusion: In Managing Diabetes, required. consideration SDOH components. Certainly, research highlights nutrition, care, targeting insecurity literacy. enhance well-being with T2D, contributes evolving knowledge, identifies gaps, shapes future
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Medical Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2), С. 29 - 29
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024
Background: Insulin exerts a crucial impact on glucose control, cellular growing, function, and metabolism. It is partially modulated by nutrients, especially as response to the intake of foods, including carbohydrates. Moreover, insulin can exert an anorexigenic effect when inserted into hypothalamus brain, in which complex network appetite/hunger control system occurs. The current literature review aims at thoroughly summarizing scrutinizing whether release exposure may be better choice body weight gain related diseases compared use sucrose substitutes (SSs) combination with long-term, well-balanced diet. Methods: This comprehensive review, was performed through searching in-depth for most accurate scientific databases applying effective relevant keywords. Results: action hypothalamic orexigenic/anorexigenic system, activating several peptides, increasing hedonic aspect food intake, effectively controlling human weight. In contrast, SSs appear not affect resulting more cases uncontrolled maintenance while also risk developing diseases. Conclusions: Most evidence, mainly derived from vitro vivo animal studies, has reinforced brain. Simultaneously, available clinical studies showed that during diet either maintain or even increase weight, indirectly ascribed fact they cannot cover intake. However, there strong demand long-term longitudinal surveys specify metabolic health.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Obesity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(1), С. 7 - 11
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023
The author declared no conflict of interest.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(12), С. e3002448 - e3002448
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023
Globally, obesity is on the rise. Research over past 20 years has highlighted far-reaching multisystem complications of obesity, but a better understanding its complex pathogenesis needed to identify safe and lasting solutions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1