Aging in COVID-19: Vulnerability, immunity and intervention

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 65, С. 101205 - 101205

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 infection and persistence in the human body and brain at autopsy

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 612(7941), С. 758 - 763

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Long-Term Respiratory and Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19

Medical Science Monitor, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020

Since the initial reports of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China late 2019, infections from severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have spread rapidly, resulting a global pandemic that has caused millions deaths. Initially, large number infected people required direction healthcare resources to provide supportive care for acutely ill population an attempt reduce mortality. While clinical trials safe and effective antiviral agents are ongoing, vaccine development programs being accelerated, long-term sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection become increasingly recognized concerning. Although upper lower tracts main sites entry into body, COVID-19 pneumonia as most common presentation, lung damage may be followed by pulmonary fibrosis chronic impairment function, with impaired quality life. Also, increasing shown involves central nervous system (CNS) peripheral (PNS) directly or indirectly damages neurons, leading neurological sequelae. This review aims update on mechanisms involved 3 areas injury, neuronal neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson multiple sclerosis, highlights need patient monitoring following stage rationale prevention, diagnosis, management these potential

Язык: Английский

---

Human recombinant soluble ACE2 in severe COVID-19

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(11), С. 1154 - 1158

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

ACE2: Evidence of role as entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and implications in comorbidities

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2020

Pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes 19 disease (COVID-19) which presents a large spectrum of manifestations with fatal outcomes in vulnerable people over 70-years-old and hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, COPD, smoking status. Knowledge the entry receptor is key to understand SARS-CoV-2 tropism, transmission pathogenesis. Early evidence pointed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) as receptor. Here, we provide critical summary current knowledge highlighting limitations remaining gaps that need be addressed fully characterize ACE2 function infection associated We also discuss expression potential role context comorbidities poor COVID-19 outcomes. Finally, co-receptors/attachment factors such neuropilins, heparan sulfate sialic acids putative alternative receptors, CD147 GRP78.

Язык: Английский

---

DNA vaccines against COVID-19: Perspectives and challenges

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 267, С. 118919 - 118919

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 100, С. 390 - 393

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2020

The relationship between immunity and nutrition is well known its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also being paid great attention. However, the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients unknown. Vitamin B1, B6, B12, vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D), folate, selenium, zinc levels were measured 50 hospitalized with COVID-19. Overall, 76% deficient 42% selenium deficient. No significant increase incidence deficiency was found for vitamins group showed significantly lower values than healthy control (150 people, matched by age/sex). Severe (based on a cut-off ≤10 ng/dl) 24.0% 7.3% group. Among 12 respiratory distress, 11 (91.7%) at least one nutrient. without distress 30/38 cases (78.9%; p = 0.425). These results suggest that or may decrease immune defenses against cause progression to severe disease. more precise large-scale studies are needed.

Язык: Английский

---

Body Localization of ACE-2: On the Trail of the Keyhole of SARS-CoV-2

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020

The explosion of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought role angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) back into scientific limelight. Since SARS-CoV-2 must bind ACE2 for entering host cells in humans, its expression and body localization are critical to track potential target organ this infection outline disease progression clinical outcomes. Here, we mapped physiological distribution, expression, activities discussed correlations mutal interactions with disparate symptoms present patients at level different organs. We highlighted that despite during ACE2-expressing organs may become direct targets, leading severe pathological manifestations, subsequent multiple failures, exact mechanism through which acts these is still heavily debated. Further efforts, also considering a personalized approach aimed consider specific patient differences mutual ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 long-term health effects associated COVID-19 currently mandatory.

Язык: Английский

---

Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: Immunopathogenesis and Therapy

Medicina, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 58(2), С. 144 - 144

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2022

A cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory state secondary to the excessive production of cytokines by deregulated immune system. It manifests clinically as an influenza-like syndrome, which can be complicated multi-organ failure and coagulopathy, leading, in most severe cases, even death. The term was first used 1993 describe graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. then reused define adverse syndromes administration immunostimulating agents, such anti-CD28 antibodies or bioengineered cells, i.e., CAR T-cell therapy. Currently, concept has been better elucidated extended pathogenesis many other conditions, sepsis, autoinflammatory disease, primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, multicentric Castleman disease. Moreover, recently emerged key aspect novel Coronavirus 2019, affected patients show high levels several pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IP-10, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-10, some also correlate with severity. Therefore, since onset pandemic, numerous agents have tested effort mitigate COVID-19 patients, are effective reducing mortality, especially critically ill now becoming standards care, glucocorticoids inhibitors. However, challenge still far from being met, therapeutic strategies hope that we eventually overcome

Язык: Английский

---

Pathogenesis and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 45(SI-1), С. 372 - 389

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2021

COVID-19 is a viral infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that killed large number of patients around world. A hyperinflammatory state resulting in cytokine storm and adult distress seems to be major cause death. Many mechanisms have been suggested pathogenesis associated (COVID-CS). Insufficient clearance persistence strong response despite inadequate antiviral immunity seem main underlying pathogenesis. The diagnosis based on relatively constant clinical symptoms, findings, laboratory tests, imaging techniques, while COVID-CS rather dynamic process, evolving or newly emerging findings during course. Management consists using agents inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication treating potential complications including together with general supportive measures. may treated appropriate immunosuppressive immunomodulatory drugs reduce level inappropriate systemic inflammation, which has organ damage. Currently corticosteroids, IL-6 blockers, IL-1 blockers are most widely used for COVID-CS.

Язык: Английский

---