International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(16), С. 8988 - 8988
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2021
Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
is
a
new,
highly
pathogenic
virus
that
has
recently
elicited
global
pandemic
called
the
2019
disease
(COVID-19).
COVID-19
characterized
by
significant
immune
dysfunction,
which
caused
strong
but
unregulated
innate
immunity
with
depressed
adaptive
immunity.
Reduced
and
delayed
responses
to
interferons
(IFN-I/IFN-III)
can
increase
synthesis
of
proinflammatory
cytokines
extensive
cell
infiltration
into
airways,
leading
pulmonary
disease.
The
development
effective
treatments
for
severe
patients
relies
on
our
knowledge
pathophysiological
components
this
imbalanced
response.
Strategies
address
response
factors
will
be
essential.
Significant
efforts
are
currently
underway
develop
vaccines
against
SARS-CoV-2.
vaccines,
such
as
inactivated
DNA,
mRNA,
protein
subunit
have
already
been
applied
in
clinical
use.
Various
display
different
levels
effectiveness,
it
important
continue
optimize
update
their
composition
order
effectiveness.
However,
due
continuous
emergence
variant
viruses,
improving
general
public
may
also
effectiveness
vaccines.
Many
observational
studies
demonstrated
serum
vitamin
D
inversely
correlated
incidence
or
severity
COVID-19.
Extensive
evidence
shown
supplementation
could
vital
mitigating
progression
reduce
its
severity.
Vitamin
defends
SARS-CoV-2
through
complex
mechanism
interactions
between
modulation
reactions,
ACE2
expression,
inhibition
renin-angiotensin
system
(RAS).
remains
unclear
whether
Vit-D
plays
an
role
Based
analysis
molecular
involved,
we
speculated
vit-D,
via
various
signaling
pathways,
complementary
vaccine
efficacy.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Март 23, 2022
Abstract
To
date,
the
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
caused
by
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
has
determined
399,600,607
cases
and
5,757,562
deaths
worldwide.
COVID-19
is
a
serious
threat
to
human
health
globally.
The
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
declared
pandemic
major
public
emergency.
Vaccination
most
effective
economical
intervention
for
controlling
spread
of
epidemics,
consequently
saving
lives
protecting
population.
Various
techniques
have
been
employed
in
development
vaccines.
Among
these,
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
vaccine
drawing
increasing
attention
owing
its
great
application
prospects
advantages,
which
include
short
cycle,
easy
industrialization,
simple
production
process,
flexibility
respond
new
variants,
capacity
induce
better
immune
response.
This
review
summarizes
current
knowledge
on
structural
characteristics,
antigen
design
strategies,
delivery
systems,
industrialization
potential,
quality
control,
latest
clinical
trials
real-world
data
mRNA
vaccines
as
well
technology.
Current
challenges
future
directions
preventive
infectious
diseases
are
also
discussed.
Infection and Drug Resistance,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
Volume 14, С. 3459 - 3476
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2021
This
review
takes
into
consideration
the
principal
vaccines
developed
against
SARS-CoV-2
in
this
unprecedented
period
of
Covid-19
pandemic.
We
evaluated
mechanism
action
each
vaccine
as
well
efficacy,
safety
and
storage
temperature.
In
addition,
problem
dose
units,
vaccinal
strategy,
activity
alternative
compounds
such
monoclonal
antibodies
especially
issue
virus
variants
were
also
described
detail.
Four
are
currently
used
Italy:
Pfizer-BioNTech
mRNA
BNT162b2
(Comirnaty)
(USA),
Moderna
1273
Astra-Zeneca
ChAdOx1-S
(recombinant)
viral
vector
adenovirus
belonging
to
Oxford
(UK)
Pomezia
(Italy),
Janssen
(two
recombinant
adenoviruses)
Johnson
&
(USA).
The
efficacy
Pfizer
for
preventing
disease
or
severe
results
95-87.5%
94.5-100%,
respectively.
is
about
70%
65%,
respectively;
case
Janssen,
it
depends
on
geographical
area
ranging
from
72%
57%.
administrated
doses
(one
dose,
two
same
different
vaccines,
half
dose)
discussed.
vaccination
strategy
based
age
group
remains
simplest,
most
transparent
fair
criterion.
accelerating
administration
so
that
many
subjects
possible
can
be
vaccinated
quickly
achieving
"herd
immunity".
appeared
a
valid
solution
treatment
disease.
Two
(bamlanivimab
etesevimab)
have
just
been
approved
by
FDA.
They
could
infection
which
represent
big
due
their
higher
transmissibility
virulence
lower
response
vaccines.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(6), С. 556 - 556
Опубликована: Май 26, 2021
Background:
Since
the
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
was
declared
a
pandemic,
there
no
doubt
that
vaccination
is
ideal
protocol
to
tackle
it.
Within
year,
few
COVID-19
vaccines
have
been
developed
and
authorized.
This
unparalleled
initiative
in
developing
created
many
uncertainties
looming
around
efficacy
safety
of
these
vaccines.
study
aimed
assess
side
effects
perceptions
following
Jordan.
Methods:
A
cross-sectional
conducted
by
distributing
an
online
survey
targeted
toward
Jordan
inhabitants
who
received
any
Data
were
statistically
analyzed
certain
machine
learning
(ML)
tools,
including
multilayer
perceptron
(MLP),
eXtreme
gradient
boosting
(XGBoost),
random
forest
(RF),
K-star
used
predict
severity
effects.
Results:
total
2213
participants
involved
after
receiving
Sinopharm,
AstraZeneca,
Pfizer-BioNTech,
other
(38.2%,
31%,
27.3%,
3.5%,
respectively).
Generally,
most
post-vaccination
common
non-life-threatening
(e.g.,
fatigue,
chills,
dizziness,
fever,
headache,
joint
pain,
myalgia).
Only
10%
suffered
from
severe
effects;
while
39%
21%
had
moderate
mild
effects,
respectively.
Despite
substantial
variations
between
presence
statistical
analysis
indicated
might
provide
same
protection
against
infection.
Finally,
52.9%
before
vaccine
hesitancy
anxiety;
vaccination,
95.5%
advised
others
get
vaccinated,
80%
felt
more
reassured,
67%
believed
are
safe
long
term.
Furthermore,
based
on
type
vaccine,
demographic
data,
RF,
XGBoost,
MLP
gave
both
high
accuracies
(0.80,
0.79,
0.70,
respectively)
Cohen’s
kappa
values
(0.71,
0.56,
Conclusions:
The
present
confirmed
authorized
getting
vaccinated
makes
people
reassured.
Most
moderate,
which
signs
body’s
immune
system
building
protection.
ML
can
also
be
input
data;
predicted
cases
may
require
medical
attention
or
even
hospitalization.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2021
The
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
caused
by
the
novel
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
is
an
ongoing
major
threat
to
global
health
and
has
posed
significant
challenges
for
treatment
of
severely
ill
COVID-19
patients.
Several
studies
have
reported
that
cytokine
storms
are
important
cause
deterioration
death
in
Consequently,
it
understand
specific
pathophysiological
processes
underlying
how
promote
COVID-19.
Here,
we
outline
through
which
contribute
SARS-CoV-2
infection
describe
interaction
between
immune
system,
as
well
pathophysiology
response
dysfunction
leads
distress
(ARDS),
multi-organ
(MODS),
coagulation
impairment.
Treatments
based
on
inhibiting
storm-induced
occurrence
also
described.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(12), С. 1490 - 1490
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021
Vaccination
is
a
key
component
of
public
health
policy
with
demonstrated
cost-effective
benefits
in
protecting
both
human
and
animal
populations.
Vaccines
can
be
manufactured
under
multiple
forms
including,
inactivated
(killed),
toxoid,
live
attenuated,
Virus-like
Particles,
synthetic
peptide,
polysaccharide,
polysaccharide
conjugate
(glycoconjugate),
viral
vectored
(vector-based),
nucleic
acids
(DNA
mRNA)
bacterial
vector/synthetic
antigen
presenting
cells.
Several
processes
are
used
the
manufacturing
vaccines
recent
developments
medical/biomedical
engineering,
biology,
immunology,
vaccinology
have
led
to
emergence
innovative
acid
vaccines,
novel
category
added
conventional
subunit
vaccines.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
advances
vaccine
technologies
platforms
focusing
on
their
mechanisms
action,
advantages,
possible
drawbacks.
Expert Review of Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
20(12), С. 1549 - 1560
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2021
Introduction:
Coronavirus
outbreak
2019
(COVID-19)
has
affected
all
the
corners
of
globe
and
created
chaos
to
human
life.
In
order
put
some
control
on
pandemic,
vaccines
are
urgently
required
that
safe,
cost
effective,
easy
produce,
most
importantly
induce
appropriate
immune
responses
protection
against
viral
infection.
DNA
possess
these
features
promising
candidates
for
providing
SARS-CoV-2.Area
covered:
Current
understanding
advances
in
toward
COVID-19,
especially
those
under
various
stages
clinical
trials.Expert
opinion:
Through
vaccines,
host
cells
momentarily
transformed
into
factories
produce
proteins
SARS-CoV-2.
The
system
detects
develop
antibodies
neutralize
prevent
This
vaccine
platform
additional
benefits
compared
traditional
vaccination
strategies
like
strong
cellular
response,
higher
safety
margin,
a
simple
production
process
as
per
cGMP
norms,
lack
any
infectious
agent,
robust
large-scale
production.
Future Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
17(1), С. 49 - 66
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2021
This
article
provides
a
brief
overview
of
DNA
vaccines.
First,
the
basic
vaccine
design
strategies
are
described,
then
specific
issues
related
to
industrial
production
vaccines
discussed,
including
and
purification
products
such
as
plasmid
DNA,
minicircle
minimalistic,
immunologically
defined
gene
expression
(MIDGE)
Doggybone™.
The
use
adjuvants
enhance
immunogenicity
is
discussed.
In
addition,
different
delivery
routes
several
physical
chemical
methods
increase
efficacy
into
cells
explained.
Recent
preclinical
clinical
trials
for
COVID-19
summarized.
Lastly,
advantages
obstacles
