Fallopian tube rheology regulates epithelial cell differentiation and function to enhance cilia formation and coordination

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

The rheological properties of the extracellular fluid in female reproductive tract vary spatiotemporally, however, effect on behaviour epithelial cells that line is unexplored. Here, we reveal respond to elevated viscosity culture media by modulating their development and functionality enhance cilia formation coordination. Specifically, ciliation increases 4-fold beating frequency decreases 30% when are cultured at 100 mPa·s. Further, manifest a coordinated pattern can facilitate metachronal waves. At cellular level, viscous loading activates TRPV4 channel increase intracellular Ca

Язык: Английский

---

A Time‐Division Position‐Sensitive Detector Image System for High‐Speed Multitarget Trajectory Tracking

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(47)

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2022

High-speed trajectory tracking with real-time processing capability is particularly important in the fields of pilotless automobiles, guidance systems, robotics, and filmmaking. The conventional optical approach to high-speed involves charge coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, which suffer from trade-offs between resolution framerates, complexity system, enormous data-analysis processes. Here, a system designed by using time-division position-sensitive detector (TD-PSD) based on graphene-silicon Schottky heterojunction. Benefiting optoelectronic response sub-micrometer positional accuracy TD-PSD, multitarget realized, maximum output framerate up 62 000 frames per second. Moreover, multichannel image-distortion correction functionalities are realized TD-PSD systems through frequency-related preprocessing, significantly improves capacity information quality complicated light environments.

Язык: Английский

---

Flagellar beating forces of human spermatozoa with different motility behaviors

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Abstract Background One of the causes male infertility is associated with altered spermatozoa motility. These sperm features are frequently analyzed by image-based approaches, which, despite allowing acquisition crucial parameters to assess motility, they unable provide details regarding flagellar beating forces, which have been neglected until now. Results In this work we exploit Fluidic Force Microscopy investigate and quantify forces frequencies human spermatozoa. The analysis performed on two groups divided according progressive motility semen samples, as identified standard clinical protocols. first group, 100% swim linearly (100% motility), while, in other, show both linear circular (identified 80 − 20% motility). Significant differences between from sample different observed. Particularly, motile exhibit higher than those a movement. Conclusions This research can increase our understanding role mechanics fertilization, could help us unveil some idiopathic infertility.

Язык: Английский

---

Universal Scaling Laws for a Generic Swimmer Model

Physical Review Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 134(13)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

We introduce a minimal model of swimmer without body deformation based on force and torque dipoles which allows accurate efficient 3D Navier-Stokes calculations. Our can reproduce propulsion for large range Reynolds numbers generate wake vortices in the inertial regime, reminiscent flow generated by flapping tail real fish. perform numerical exploration from low to high obtain universal laws using scaling arguments. Collecting data wide variety microswimmers, we show that our theoretical compare very well with experimental swimming performances across different hydrodynamic regimes, Stokes turbulent flows. The simple design generic paves way large-scale simulations hundreds individuals, crucial understanding collective effects within assemblies aquatic animals.

Язык: Английский

---

Advancements in Microfluidic Technologies for Male Infertility

Advanced Materials Technologies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Abstract Infertility affects ≈15% of couples worldwide, with ≈45% these cases involving male factors. Semen analysis and sperm selection are critical routine steps in achieving successful assisted reproductive outcomes. Conventional methods, which widely used clinics, manual, subjective, time‐consuming, simply not sufficient for the highly complex multifaceted task analysis. Recently, microfluidics‐based devices, combined high‐resolution microscopy, have offered promising opportunities evaluating quality, gaining a fundamental understanding motion, high‐quality sperm. Machine learning (ML) has also introduced automation standardization analyzing morphology, intracellular characteristics, motility. In this review, state‐of‐the‐art methods comprehensively discussed provide directions to address unresolved challenges.

Язык: Английский

---

Silent cells? Potential for context-dependent gene expression in mature sperm

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 292(2038)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Sperm are traditionally viewed as transcriptionally and translationally silent cells. However, observations that components of the cellular machinery gene expression maintained in ejaculated sperm increasingly cited challenges to this fundamental assumption. Here, we critically evaluate these arguments present three lines evidence from both model non-model systems collectively raise question whether may be capable active expression. First, critical for surrounding possibility differential expression, review recent spermatozoa retain capacity transcribe translate their genomes. Second, highlight how cells can exhibit transcript quantities across different post-ejaculation environments. Third, ask accumulating remarkable phenotypic plasticity post-ejaculatory phenotypes could mechanistically underpinned by changes While indirect do not definitively show transcription genomes, emerging technologies enable us test hypothesis explicitly. Our advocates progress field highlights several important evolutionary, ecological practical implications will probably transcend disciplines clinical applied reproductive sectors.

Язык: Английский

---

Twist–torsion coupling in beating axonemes

Nature Physics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Superhelix flow structures drive sperm locomotion

Cell Reports Physical Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102524 - 102524

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Straining Flow Effects on Sperm Flagellar Energetics in Microfluidic Cross‐Slot Traps

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Abstract Sperm need to effectively navigate the intricate pathways of female reproductive tract, which are filled with various complex fluid flows. Despite numerous population‐based studies, effects flow on flagellar beating pattern individual sperm remain poorly understood. In this study, a microfluidic cross‐slot trap is employed immobilize motile for an extended period without physical tethering, thereby reducing potential cell damage and movement restriction compared conventional head‐tethering method. The impact pure straining trapped single investigated. experimental results demonstrate that at strain rates 11.33 s −1 higher, periodic repetitive flagellum changes irregular movement. Furthermore, increase in rate from 1.89 leads 35.4% reduction amplitude 41.2% decrease hydrodynamic power dissipation. These findings underscore capability platform high stability, contributing better understanding behavior response

Язык: Английский

---

3D+t Multifocal Imaging Dataset of Human Sperm

Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Май 18, 2025

Understanding human fertility requires dynamic and three-dimensional (3D) analysis of sperm movement, which extends beyond the capabilities traditional datasets focused primarily on two-dimensional motility or static morphological characteristics. To address this limitation, we introduce 3D+t Multifocal Imaging Dataset Human Sperm (3D-SpermVid), a repository comprising 121 multifocal video-microscopy hyperstacks freely swimming cells, incubated under non-capacitating conditions (NCC) capacitating (CC). This collection enables detailed observation 3D flagellar patterns over time, offering novel insights into capacitation process its implications for fertility. Data were captured using imaging (MFI) system based an optical microscope equipped with piezoelectric device that adjusts focus at various heights, recording movement in volumetric space. By making data publicly available, aim to enable applications deep learning pattern recognition uncover hidden patterns, fostering significant advancements understanding morphology dynamics, developing new diagnostic tools assessing male fertility, as well assisting self-organizaton mechanisms driving spontaneous navigation 3D.

Язык: Английский

---