A chemomechanical model of sperm locomotion reveals two modes of swimming DOI Creative Commons
Chenji Li, Brato Chakrabarti, Pedro Castilla

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2022

The propulsion of mammalian spermatozoa during reproduction relies on the spontaneous periodic oscillation their flagella. These oscillations are driven internally by coordinated action ATP-powered dynein motors that exert active sliding forces between microtubule doublets, resulting in bending waves propagate along flagellum and enable locomotion cell through viscous medium. In this work, we present a chemomechanical model freely swimming spermatozoon uses sliding-control flagellar axoneme capturing coupling motor kinetics with elastic deformations accounts for effect non-local hydrodynamic interactions sperm head flagellum. Nonlinear simulations equations shown to produce realistic beating patterns trajectories, which analyze as function number activity. Our results demonstrate velocity does not vary monotonically activity, but instead displays two local maxima corresponding distinct modes swimming, each characterized qualitatively different waveforms trajectories.

Language: Английский

Fallopian tube rheology regulates epithelial cell differentiation and function to enhance cilia formation and coordination DOI Creative Commons

Melati S. Abdul Halim,

Jennifer M. Dyson,

Max M. Gong

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

The rheological properties of the extracellular fluid in female reproductive tract vary spatiotemporally, however, effect on behaviour epithelial cells that line is unexplored. Here, we reveal respond to elevated viscosity culture media by modulating their development and functionality enhance cilia formation coordination. Specifically, ciliation increases 4-fold beating frequency decreases 30% when are cultured at 100 mPa·s. Further, manifest a coordinated pattern can facilitate metachronal waves. At cellular level, viscous loading activates TRPV4 channel increase intracellular Ca

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Universal Scaling Laws for a Generic Swimmer Model DOI
Bruno Ventéjou, Thibaut Métivet, Aurélie Dupont

et al.

Physical Review Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 134(13)

Published: April 3, 2025

We introduce a minimal model of swimmer without body deformation based on force and torque dipoles which allows accurate efficient 3D Navier-Stokes calculations. Our can reproduce propulsion for large range Reynolds numbers generate wake vortices in the inertial regime, reminiscent flow generated by flapping tail real fish. perform numerical exploration from low to high obtain universal laws using scaling arguments. Collecting data wide variety microswimmers, we show that our theoretical compare very well with experimental swimming performances across different hydrodynamic regimes, Stokes turbulent flows. The simple design generic paves way large-scale simulations hundreds individuals, crucial understanding collective effects within assemblies aquatic animals.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advancements in Microfluidic Technologies for Male Infertility DOI Open Access
Sahar Shahali, Farzan Akbaridoust, Adrian Neild

et al.

Advanced Materials Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Infertility affects ≈15% of couples worldwide, with ≈45% these cases involving male factors. Semen analysis and sperm selection are critical routine steps in achieving successful assisted reproductive outcomes. Conventional methods, which widely used clinics, manual, subjective, time‐consuming, simply not sufficient for the highly complex multifaceted task analysis. Recently, microfluidics‐based devices, combined high‐resolution microscopy, have offered promising opportunities evaluating quality, gaining a fundamental understanding motion, high‐quality sperm. Machine learning (ML) has also introduced automation standardization analyzing morphology, intracellular characteristics, motility. In this review, state‐of‐the‐art methods comprehensively discussed provide directions to address unresolved challenges.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Silent cells? Potential for context-dependent gene expression in mature sperm DOI Creative Commons
Rowan A. Lymbery, Francisco Garcı́a-González, Jonathan P. Evans

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2038)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Sperm are traditionally viewed as transcriptionally and translationally silent cells. However, observations that components of the cellular machinery gene expression maintained in ejaculated sperm increasingly cited challenges to this fundamental assumption. Here, we critically evaluate these arguments present three lines evidence from both model non-model systems collectively raise question whether may be capable active expression. First, critical for surrounding possibility differential expression, review recent spermatozoa retain capacity transcribe translate their genomes. Second, highlight how cells can exhibit transcript quantities across different post-ejaculation environments. Third, ask accumulating remarkable phenotypic plasticity post-ejaculatory phenotypes could mechanistically underpinned by changes While indirect do not definitively show transcription genomes, emerging technologies enable us test hypothesis explicitly. Our advocates progress field highlights several important evolutionary, ecological practical implications will probably transcend disciplines clinical applied reproductive sectors.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Twist–torsion coupling in beating axonemes DOI Creative Commons
Martin Striegler, Stefan Diez, Benjamin M. Friedrich

et al.

Nature Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Superhelix flow structures drive sperm locomotion DOI Creative Commons
Farzan Akbaridoust,

Melati S. Abdul Halim,

Ivan Marušič

et al.

Cell Reports Physical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102524 - 102524

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Straining Flow Effects on Sperm Flagellar Energetics in Microfluidic Cross‐Slot Traps DOI Creative Commons
Javane Javaherchian, Farin Yazdan Parast, Reza Nosrati

et al.

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2025

Abstract Sperm need to effectively navigate the intricate pathways of female reproductive tract, which are filled with various complex fluid flows. Despite numerous population‐based studies, effects flow on flagellar beating pattern individual sperm remain poorly understood. In this study, a microfluidic cross‐slot trap is employed immobilize motile for an extended period without physical tethering, thereby reducing potential cell damage and movement restriction compared conventional head‐tethering method. The impact pure straining trapped single investigated. experimental results demonstrate that at strain rates 11.33 s −1 higher, periodic repetitive flagellum changes irregular movement. Furthermore, increase in rate from 1.89 leads 35.4% reduction amplitude 41.2% decrease hydrodynamic power dissipation. These findings underscore capability platform high stability, contributing better understanding behavior response

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Time‐Division Position‐Sensitive Detector Image System for High‐Speed Multitarget Trajectory Tracking DOI
Kaiyang Liu, Dongyang Wan, Wenhui Wang

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(47)

Published: Sept. 17, 2022

High-speed trajectory tracking with real-time processing capability is particularly important in the fields of pilotless automobiles, guidance systems, robotics, and filmmaking. The conventional optical approach to high-speed involves charge coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, which suffer from trade-offs between resolution framerates, complexity system, enormous data-analysis processes. Here, a system designed by using time-division position-sensitive detector (TD-PSD) based on graphene-silicon Schottky heterojunction. Benefiting optoelectronic response sub-micrometer positional accuracy TD-PSD, multitarget realized, maximum output framerate up 62 000 frames per second. Moreover, multichannel image-distortion correction functionalities are realized TD-PSD systems through frequency-related preprocessing, significantly improves capacity information quality complicated light environments.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Human sperm rotate with a conserved direction during free swimming in four dimensions DOI Creative Commons
Gabriel Corkidi, Fernando Montoya, Ana Laura González‐Cota

et al.

Journal of Cell Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 136(22)

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Head rotation in human spermatozoa is essential for different swimming modes and fertilisation, as it links the molecular workings of flagellar beat with sperm motion three-dimensional (3D) space over time. Determining direction head has been hindered by symmetry translucent nature head, fast 3D driven helical beat. Analysis mostly restricted to two-dimensional (2D) single focal plane image analysis, which enables tracking centre position but not rotation. Despite conserved beating flagellum, reported be uni- or bi-directional, even intermittently change a given cell. Here, we directly measure freely using multi-plane 4D (3D+t) microscopy show that: (1) 2D unable distinguish spermatozoa; (2) non-capacitating capacitating solutions, both aqueous viscous media, counterclockwise (CCW), seen from tail, all rotating spermatozoa, regardless experimental conditions; (3) suppressed 36% medium, although CCW recovered after incubation conditions within same possibly unveiling an unexplored aspect need capacitation fertilisation. Our observations that conserved. It constitutes robust persistent driving mechanism influences navigation time, thus critical importance cell motility, propulsion flagellated microorganisms, motility assessments, reproduction research, self-organisation patterns space.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Flagellar beating forces of human spermatozoa with different motility behaviors DOI Creative Commons

Cristina Tufoni,

Alice Battistella, Stefania Luppi

et al.

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Background One of the causes male infertility is associated with altered spermatozoa motility. These sperm features are frequently analyzed by image-based approaches, which, despite allowing acquisition crucial parameters to assess motility, they unable provide details regarding flagellar beating forces, which have been neglected until now. Results In this work we exploit Fluidic Force Microscopy investigate and quantify forces frequencies human spermatozoa. The analysis performed on two groups divided according progressive motility semen samples, as identified standard clinical protocols. first group, 100% swim linearly (100% motility), while, in other, show both linear circular (identified 80 − 20% motility). Significant differences between from sample different observed. Particularly, motile exhibit higher than those a movement. Conclusions This research can increase our understanding role mechanics fertilization, could help us unveil some idiopathic infertility.

Language: Английский

Citations

2