Mesenchymal stem cell perspective: cell biology to clinical progress

npj Regenerative Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2019

Abstract The terms MSC and MSCs have become the preferred acronym to describe a cell population of multipotential stem/progenitor cells commonly referred as mesenchymal stem cells, stromal progenitor cells. can differentiate important lineages under defined conditions in vitro limited situations after implantation vivo. were isolated described about 30 years ago now there are over 55,000 publications on readily available. Here, we focused human whenever possible. broad anti-inflammatory immune-modulatory properties. At present, these provide greatest focus clinical testing; however, properties cultured suggest they broader applications. medical utility continues be investigated 950 trials. There has been much progress understanding years, is strong foundation for future scientific research applications, but also some questions remain answered. Developing further methods understand unlock potential through intracellular intercellular signaling, biomedical engineering, delivery patient selection should all substantial advancements coming greater opportunities. expansive growing field teaching us basic biology well how use this type cellular therapy variety settings, while promise evident, careful new work still needed.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Attenuate Adipose Inflammation and Obesity Through Polarizing M2 Macrophages and Beiging in White Adipose Tissue

Diabetes, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 67(2), С. 235 - 247

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2017

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) play critical roles in controlling obesity-associated inflammation and metabolic disorders. Exosomes from ADSCs exert protective effects several diseases, but their obesity related pathological conditions remain unclear. In this study, we showed that treatment of obese mice with ADSC-derived exosomes facilitated homeostasis, including improved insulin sensitivity (27.8% improvement), reduced obesity, alleviated hepatic steatosis. drove alternatively activated M2 macrophage polarization, reduction, beiging white adipose tissue (WAT) diet-induced mice. Mechanistically, transferred into macrophages to induce anti-inflammatory phenotypes through the transactivation arginase-1 by exosome-carried active STAT3. Moreover, induced not only expressed high levels tyrosine hydroxylase responsible for catecholamine release, also promoted ADSC proliferation lactate production, thereby favoring WAT homeostasis response high-fat challenge. These findings delineate a novel exosome-mediated mechanism ADSC-macrophage cross talk facilitates immune WAT, thus providing potential therapy diabetes.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic wounds

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июль 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Isolation, cultivation, and characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells

Cytometry Part A, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 93(1), С. 19 - 31

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2017

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit a high self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties. This set of exceptional features makes them an attractive tool for research clinical application. However, MSC are far from being uniform cell type, which standardization difficult. The exact properties human (hMSC) can vary greatly depending on multiple parameters including tissue source, isolation method medium composition. In this review we address the most important influence factors. We highlight variations in different sources. Furthermore, compare enzymatic strategies with explants cultures focusing adipose umbilical cords as two relevant examples. Additionally, effects composition serum supplementation expansion differentiation. lack standardized methods hMSC cultivation mandates careful evaluation protocols regarding efficiency quality. characterization based minimal criteria defined by International Society Cellular Therapy is widely accepted practice, additional testing functionality provide valuable supplementary information. secretome has been identified signaling mechanism to affect other cells. context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) attracting increasing interest. thorough MSC-derived EVs their interaction target crucial step toward more complete understanding EV functionality. Here, focus flow cytometric approaches characterize free well bound differences bioactivity derived © 2017 Advancement Cytometry.

Язык: Английский

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Re-epithelialization of adult skin wounds: Cellular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 146, С. 344 - 365

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2018

Язык: Английский

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miR-100-5p-abundant exosomes derived from infrapatellar fat pad MSCs protect articular cartilage and ameliorate gait abnormalities via inhibition of mTOR in osteoarthritis

Biomaterials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 206, С. 87 - 100

Опубликована: Март 20, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes for Immunomodulatory Therapeutics and Skin Regeneration

Cells, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(5), С. 1157 - 1157

Опубликована: Май 7, 2020

Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that serve as mediators for cell-to-cell communication. With their unique nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids cargo compositions reflect the characteristics of producer cells, exosomes can be utilized cell-free therapeutics. Among derived from various cellular origins, mesenchymal stem cell-derived (MSC-exosomes) have gained great attention due to immunomodulatory regenerative functions. Indeed, many studies shown anti-inflammatory, anti-aging wound healing effects MSC-exosomes in vitro vivo models. In addition, recent advances field exosome biology enabled development specific guidelines quality control methods, which will ultimately lead clinical application exosomes. This review highlights investigate therapeutic potential relevant mode actions skin diseases, well measures required exosome-derived

Язык: Английский

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Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022

Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable transferring cell-specific constituents the source cell to recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even therapeutic aspects. A method that can efficiently provide intact pure samples is first step both exosome-based liquid biopsies therapeutics. Unfortunately, common exosomal separation techniques suffer operation complexity, time consumption, large sample volumes low purity, posing significant challenges for downstream analysis. Efficient, simple, affordable methods isolate crucial carrying out relevant researches. In last decade, emerging technologies, especially microfluidic chips, have proposed superior strategies exosome isolation exhibited fascinating performances. While many excellent reviews overviewed various methods, compressive review including updated/improved indispensable. Herein, we overview properties, biogenesis, contents, functions. Then, briefly outline conventional technologies discuss clinical applications these technologies. Finally, large-scale GMP production engineered open up future perspectives next-generation Exo-devices cancer diagnosis treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Melatonin-stimulated MSC-derived exosomes improve diabetic wound healing through regulating macrophage M1 and M2 polarization by targeting the PTEN/AKT pathway

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2020

Abstract Background After surgery, wound recovery in diabetic patients may be disrupted due to delayed inflammation, which can lead undesired consequences, and there is currently a lack of effective measures address this issue. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) have been proven appropriate candidates for healing through the anti-inflammatory effects. In study, we investigated whether melatonin (MT)-pretreated MSCs-derived (MT-Exo) could exert superior effects on healing, attempted elucidate underlying mechanism. Methods For evaluation effect MT-Exo, vitro vivo studies were performed. research, detected secreted levels inflammation-related factors, such as IL-1β, TNF-α IL-10 via ELISA relative gene expression TNF-α, IL-10, Arg-1 iNOS qRT-PCR PTEN, AKT p-AKT by Western blotting. established air pouch model streptozotocin (STZ)-treated model, evaluated MT-Exo flow cytometry, optical imaging, H&E staining, Masson trichrome immunohistochemical immunofluorescence, (α-SMA, collagen I III). Results significantly suppressed pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β reduced iNOS, while promoting factor along with increasing Arg-1, compared that PBS, LPS Exo groups vitro. This was mediated increased ratio M2 polarization M1 upregulating PTEN inhibiting phosphorylation AKT. Similarly, promoted wounds thereby further facilitating angiogenesis synthesis vivo. Conclusions promote suppressing inflammatory response, achieved activating PTEN/AKT signalling pathway, pretreatment MT proved promising method treating healing. Graphical abstract: promotes regulating macrophage polarization.

Язык: Английский

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A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2022

Abstract Background Exosomes are progressively known as significant mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They convey active biomolecules to target cells and have vital functions in several physiological pathological processes, show substantial promise novel treatment strategies for diseases. Methods In this review study, we studied numerous articles over the past two decades published on application exosomes different diseases well perspective challenges field. Results The main clinical using them a biomarker, cell-free therapeutic agents, drug delivery carriers, basic analysis exosome kinetics, cancer vaccine. Different from human or plant sources utilized various trials. Most researchers used circulatory system biomarker experiments. Mesenchymal stem (MSCs) dendritic (DCs) widely held cell use. MSCs-derived commonly inflammation delivery, while DCs-exosomes induce response patients. However, faces questions challenges. addition, translation exosome-based trials is required conform specific good manufacturing practices (GMP). review, summarize according type disease. We also address regarding kinetics applications. Conclusions promising platforms many This exciting field developing hastily, understanding underlying mechanisms that direct observed roles remains far complete needs further multidisciplinary research working with these small vesicles.

Язык: Английский

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