Abstract
Immuno‐oncology
represents
an
emerging
field
that
has
significantly
transformed
tumor
therapeutics,
with
immune
cells
serving
as
the
cellular
foundations
of
cancer
immunotherapy.
Due
to
its
high
efficiency
and
sensitivity,
CRISPR/Cas9
genome
editing
is
a
highly
promising
technique
for
precise
rapid
gene
modification.
This
review
provides
overview
recent
advancements
in
application
CRISPR/Cas9‐edited
tumor‐associated
therapy,
including
T
lymphoid
cells,
natural
killer
(NK)
macrophages,
B
etc.,
exhibiting
potential
impact
on
pathological
status
cancer.
Moreover,
various
strategies
have
been
implemented
target
microenvironment.
These
include
knockout
inhibitory
signals,
endogenous
T‐cell
receptor
genes,
transcription
factors,
posttranscriptional
regulatory
well
introduction
chimeric
antigen
receptors
into
NK
cells.
Additionally,
efforts
made
reprogram
phenotypes
macrophages.
also
addresses
current
challenges
associated
technology
explores
future
clinical
applications
these
advancements.
Abstract
Sonodynamic
therapy
(SDT)
as
a
promising
non‐invasive
anti‐tumor
means
features
the
preferable
penetration
depth,
which
nevertheless,
usually
can't
work
without
sonosensitizers.
Sonosensitizers
produce
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
in
presence
of
ultrasound
to
directly
kill
tumor
cells,
and
concurrently
activate
immunity
especially
after
integration
with
microenvironment
(TME)‐engineered
nanobiotechnologies
combined
therapy.
Current
sonosensitizers
are
classified
into
organic
inorganic
ones,
current
most
reviews
only
cover
highlighted
their
applications.
However,
there
have
few
specific
that
focus
on
including
design
principles,
regulation,
etc.
In
this
review,
first
according
rationales
rather
than
composition,
action
underlying
chemistry
highlighted.
Afterward,
what
how
TME
is
regulated
based
sonosensitizers‐based
SDT
nanoplatform
an
emphasis
targets‐engineered
elucidated.
Additionally,
applications
non‐cancer
diseases
also
outlined.
Finally,
setbacks
challenges,
proposed
potential
solutions
future
directions
pointed
out.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
detailed
horizon
sonosensitizers,
will
arouse
more
attentions
SDT.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(15)
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024
Abstract
The
inherent
immune
and
metabolic
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
of
most
solid
tumors
adversely
affect
the
antitumor
efficacy
various
treatments,
which
is
an
urgent
issue
to
be
solved
in
clinical
cancer
therapy.
In
this
study,
a
mitochondrial
localized
situ
self‐assembly
system
constructed
remodel
TME
by
improving
immunogenicity
disrupting
plasticity
cells.
peptide‐based
drug
delivery
can
pre‐assembled
into
nanomicelles
vitro
form
functional
nanofibers
on
mitochondria
through
cascade‐responsive
process
involving
reductive
release,
targeted
enrichment,
self‐assembly.
organelle‐specific
self‐assemblyeffectively
switches
role
mitophagy
from
pro‐survival
pro‐death,
finally
induces
intense
endoplasmic
reticulum
stress
atypical
type
II
immunogenic
cell
death.
Disintegration
ultrastructure
also
impedes
cells,
greatly
promotes
immunosuppresive
remodeling
immunostimulatory
TME.
Ultimately,
effectively
suppresses
metastases,
converts
cold
hot
with
enhanced
sensitivity
radiotherapy
checkpoint
blockade
This
study
offers
universal
strategy
for
spatiotemporally
controlling
supramolecular
sub‐organelles
determine
fate
enhance
Abstract
Nanomedicine‐assisted
sonodynamic
therapy
(SDT)
has
emerged
as
one
of
the
most
promising
cancer
therapies
due
to
its
unique
advantages
high
penetration,
non‐radiation,
and
excellent
oxidative
stress
effect,
but
always
suffered
from
self‐protection
mechanism
apoptosis
resistance
characteristics
evolutionarily
mutated
cells.
Regulated
cell
death
(RCD)
received
increasing
attention
in
precision
treatments
because
significant
role
synergistically
sensitizing
reversing
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
during
SDT
nanomedicine‐triggered
immunogenic
death.
Herein,
paradigmatic
research
RCD‐augmented
tumor
immunotherapeutics
are
typically
introduced,
such
autophagy
blockade,
ferroptosis
targeting,
pyroptosis
induction,
necroptosis
initiation,
cuproptosis
actuation,
PANoptosis
trigger,
coordinated
anti‐tumor
mechanisms
discussed
detail.
Multiple
analysis
focusing
on
currently
unsolved
problems
future
development
prospects
RCD‐based
nano‐oncology
medicine
also
prospected
further
strengthen
expand
scope
therapeutic
applications.
Abstract
Gene
therapy
uses
modern
molecular
biology
methods
to
repair
disease‐causing
genes.
As
a
burgeoning
therapeutic,
it
has
been
widely
applied
for
cancer
therapy.
Since
1989,
there
have
numerous
clinical
gene
cases
worldwide.
However,
few
are
successful.
The
main
challenge
of
is
the
lack
efficient
and
safe
vectors.
Although
viral
vectors
show
high
transfection
efficiency,
their
application
still
limited
by
immune
rejection
packaging
capacity.
Therefore,
development
non‐viral
overwhelming.
Nanoplatform‐based
become
hotspot
in
reasons
mainly
as
follows.
1)
Non‐viral
can
be
engineered
uptaken
specific
types
cells
or
tissues,
providing
effective
targeting
capability.
2)
protect
goods
that
need
delivered
from
degradation.
3)
Nanoparticles
transport
large‐sized
cargo
such
CRISPR/Cas9
plasmids
nucleoprotein
complexes.
4)
highly
biosafe,
they
not
mutagenic
themselves
compared
5)
easy
scale
preparation,
which
conducive
conversion
application.
Here,
an
overview
categories
nanoplatform‐based
vectors,
limitations
on
development,
applications
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(44)
Опубликована: Май 25, 2024
Abstract
The
vigorous
development
of
cancer
nanomedicine
has
revolutionized
traditional
oncology
medicine,
but
it
is
also
limited
by
the
continuous
mutation
cunning
cells,
leading
to
apoptosis
insensitivity
and
therapeutic
disappointment.
Inflammatory‐regulated
cell
death
(RCD),
especially
pyroptosis‐related
death,
demonstrates
huge
potential
for
sensitization
due
its
unique
biochemical
characteristics.
aim
this
research
present
a
thorough
synopsis
current
knowledge
on
pyroptosis‐associated
inflammatory
including
pyroptosis,
cuproptosis,
PANoptosis,
synergistic
function
in
nano
therapy.
Paradigm
studies
death‐mediated
apoptosis‐sensitizing
tumor
nanotherapeutics
are
introduced
detail,
coordination
mechanisms
based
nanomaterials
discussed.
In
addition,
multi‐angle
analysis
future
prospects
pyroptosis‐sensitized
various
emphasized
further
expand
application
scope
RCD.
It
believed
that
emerging
auxiliary
treatments
RCD
will
greatly
promote
progress
nanomedicine.
Abstract
Cell
membrane
is
crucial
for
the
cellular
activities,
and
any
disruption
to
it
may
affect
cells.
It
demonstrated
that
cell
perforation
associated
with
some
biological
processes
like
programmed
death
(PCD)
infection
of
pathogens.
Specific
developments
make
a
promising
technique
perforate
controllably
precisely.
The
pores
on
provide
direct
pathways
entry
exit
substances,
can
also
cause
death,
which
means
reasonable
utilization
able
assist
intracellular
delivery,
eliminate
diseased
or
cancerous
cells,
bring
about
other
benefits.
This
review
classifies
patterns
based
mechanisms
into
1)
physical
patterns,
2)
3)
chemical
introduces
characterization
methods
then
summarizes
functions
according
characteristics
reversible
irreversible
pores,
aim
providing
comprehensive
summary
knowledge
related
enlightening
broad
applications
in
biomedical
science.
Materials Today Bio,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26, С. 101018 - 101018
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
The
cGAS-STING
pathway
holds
tremendous
potential
as
a
regulator
of
immune
responses,
offering
means
to
reshape
the
tumor
microenvironment
and
enhance
immunotherapy.
Despite
emergence
STING
agonists,
their
clinical
viability
is
hampered
by
stability
delivery
challenges,
well
variations
in
expression
within
tumors.
In
this
study,
we
present
Mn-phenolic
networks
novel
carrier
for
ADU-S100,
hydrophilic
agonist,
aimed
at
bolstering
These
nanoparticles,
termed
TMA
NMs,
are
synthesized
through
coordination
tannic
acid
manganese
ions,
with
surface
modification
involving
bovine
serum
albumin
colloidal
stability.
NMs
exhibit
pH/GSH-responsive
disintegration
properties,
enabling
precise
drug
release.
This
effectively
addresses
issues
facilitates
efficient
intracellular
delivery.
Importantly,
synergistically
effects
ADU-S100
concurrent
release
Mn2+,
which
serves
sensitizer
pathway,
resulting
significant
activation.
Upon
systemic
administration,
these
nanoparticles
efficiently
accumulate
activation
pathways
not
only
induces
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD)
cells
but
also
orchestrates
remodeling
immunosuppressive
microenvironment.
includes
promotion
cytokine
release,
dendritic
maturation,
T
infiltration,
leading
pronounced
suppression
growth.
Combining
excellent
biocompatibility
biodegradability,
Mn-based
nanocarrier
represents
promising
strategy
enhancing
immunotherapy
pathway.
Immuno-stimulative
effect
of
chemotherapy
(ISECT)
is
recognized
as
a
potential
alternative
to
conventional
immunotherapies,
however,
the
clinical
application
constrained
by
its
inefficiency.
Metronomic
chemotherapy,
though
designed
overcome
these
limitations,
offers
inconsistent
results,
with
effectiveness
varying
based
on
cancer
types,
stages,
and
patient-specific
factors.
In
parallel,
wealth
preclinical
nanomaterials
holds
considerable
promise
for
ISECT
improvement
modulating
cancer-immunity
cycle.
area
biomedical
nanomaterials,
current
literature
reviews
mainly
concentrate
specific
category
nanotechnological
perspectives,
while
two
essential
issues
are
still
lacking,
i.e.,
comprehensive
analysis
addressing
causes
inefficiency
thorough
summary
elaborating
improvement.
This
review
thus
aims
fill
gaps
catalyze
further
development
in
this
field.
For
first
time,
comprehensively
discusses
It
then
meticulously
categorizes
six
types
improving
ISECT.
Subsequently,
practical
strategies
proposed
inefficient
ISECT,
along
detailed
discussion
exemplary
nanomedicines.
Finally,
provides
insights
into
challenges
perspectives
chemo-immunotherapy
innovations
nanomaterials.
Acute
myeloid
leukemia
(AML)
is
a
common
and
catastrophic
hematological
neoplasm
with
high
mortality
rates.
Conventional
therapies,
including
chemotherapy,
hematopoietic
stem
cell
transplantation
(HSCT),
immune
therapy,
targeted
agents,
have
unsatisfactory
outcomes
for
AML
patients
due
to
drug
toxicity,
off-target
effects,
resistance,
side
relapse
refractoriness.
These
intrinsic
limitations
of
current
treatments
promoted
the
development
application
nanomedicine
more
effective
safer
therapy.
In
this
review,
classification
nanoparticles
applied
in
liposomes,
polymersomes,
micelles,
dendrimers,
inorganic
nanoparticles,
reviewed.
addition,
various
strategies
enhancing
therapeutic
targetability
nanomedicine,
use
conjugating
ligands,
biomimetic-nanotechnology,
bone
marrow
targeting,
which
indicates
potential
reverse
are
discussed.
The
assisting
immunotherapy
also
involved.
Finally,
advantages
possible
challenges
transition
from
preclinical
phase
clinical
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Abstract
The
heavy
dependence
on
intratumoral
O
2
and
H
availability
has
greatly
restricted
ROS‐based
therapy.
Although
/H
‐irrelevant
free‐radical
nanogenerator
garnered
tremendous
attention
as
a
promising
anticancer
candidate
to
overcome
the
above
intrinsic
limitations
of
treatment,
practical
therapeutic
efficacy
therapy
is
still
hindered
by
limited
type
inferior
tumor
retention
performance.
Herein,
inspired
new
concept
full‐API
nanodrug
(FAND)
with
100%
active
pharmaceutical
ingredient
(API)
content
repurposing
clinical
anti‐malaria
drug
artesunate
(ARTE)
an
generator,
AFeI
FANDs
composed
ARTE,
human
essential
Fe
3+
,
FDA‐approved
fluorescent
agent
ICG
for
hypoxic
are
rationally
designed
constructed.
Attractively,
completely
pharmaceutically
components
can
be
responsively
liberated
in
acidic
microenvironment
synergistically
produce
five
types
free
radicals
including
•O
−
•C,
•OH,
LOO•,
1
leading
robust
mitochondrial
injury,
nuclear
DNA
damage,
lipid
peroxides.
More
importantly,
displayed
ultralong
longer
than
108
h
favorable
suppression
outcomes
under
mild
NIR
irradiation.
Collectively,
presented
first
paradigm
FAND‐based
quintuple
expands
horizons
development
clinically
transferable
nanomedicine
