The current clinical approach to feeding and eating disorders aimed to increase personalization of management

World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1), С. 4 - 31

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) are a heterogeneous grouping of at the mind-body interface, with typical onset from childhood into emerging adulthood. They occur along spectrum disordered compensatory weight management behaviors, low to high body weight. Psychiatric comorbidities norm. In contrast other major psychiatric disorders, first-line treatments for FEDs mainly psychological and/or nutrition-focused, medications playing minor adjunctive role. Patients, carers clinicians all have identified personalization treatment as priority. Yet, FEDs, evidence base supporting this is limited. Importantly, related behaviors can serious physical consequences may put patient's life risk. these cases, immediate safety risk considerations least period need be prioritized over efforts care. This paper systematically reviews several key domains that relevant characterization individual patient FED aimed management. These include symptom profile, clinical subtypes, severity, staging, complications consequences, antecedent concomitant conditions, social functioning quality life, neurocognition, cognition emotion, dysfunctional cognitive schemata, personality traits, family history, early environmental exposures, recent stigma, protective factors. Where possible, validated assessment measures use in practice identified. The limitations current pointed out, possible directions future research highlighted. also novel approaches providing more fine-grained sophisticated ways personalize such those utilize neurobiological markers. We additionally outline remote measurement technologies designed delineate patients' illness recovery trajectories facilitate development intervention approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive and inflammatory heterogeneity in severe mental illness: Translating findings from blood to brain

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 118, С. 287 - 299

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Recent findings link cognitive impairment and inflammatory-immune dysregulation in schizophrenia (SZ) bipolar (BD) spectrum disorders. However, heterogeneity translation between the periphery central (blood-to-brain) mechanisms remains a challenge. Starting with large SZ, BD healthy control cohort (n = 1235), we aimed to i) identify candidate peripheral markers 25) associated domains 9) elucidate heterogenous immune-cognitive patterns, ii) evaluate regulation of using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes neural progenitor cells 10), iii) marker messenger RNA expression leukocytes microarray available data from subsample main 776), RNA-sequencing deconvolution analysis postmortem brain samples 474) CommonMind Consortium (CMC). We identified transdiagnostic subgroups based on covariance (measures speed verbal learning) reflecting inflammatory response (CRP, sTNFR1, YKL-40), innate immune activation (MIF) extracellular matrix remodelling (YKL-40, CatS). Of there was considerable variance secretion YKL-40 iPSC-derived SZ compared HC. Further, provide evidence dysregulated genes encoding related signalling pathways high neuroinflammatory subgroup samples. Our suggest relationship activity impairment, highlight as potential functioning individuals severe mental illness.

Язык: Английский

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Polygenic liability for antipsychotic dosage and polypharmacy - a real-world registry and biobank study

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(7), С. 1113 - 1119

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Dissecting the genetic overlap between severe mental disorders and markers of cellular aging: Identification of pleiotropic genes and druggable targets

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(6), С. 1033 - 1041

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder through induced pluripotent stem cell models

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(2), С. E109 - E125

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

The pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder involves a complex interaction between genetic environmental factors that begins in the early stages neurodevelopment. Recent advancements field induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer promising tool for understanding neurobiological alterations involved these disorders and, potentially, developing new treatment options. In this review, we summarize results iPSC-based research on disorder, showing disturbances neurodevelopmental processes, imbalance glutamatergic-GABAergic transmission neuromorphological alterations. limitations reviewed literature are also highlighted, particularly methodological heterogeneity studies, limited number studies iPSC models both diseases simultaneously, lack in-depth clinical characterization included samples. Further needed to advance knowledge common disease-specific pathophysiological features promote development

Язык: Английский

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Did the human genome project affect research on Schizophrenia?

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 333, С. 115691 - 115691

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Dimensions of psychopathology associated with psychotic-like experiences: Findings from the network analysis in a nonclinical sample

European Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are associated with a variety of psychopathological symptoms. However, it remains unknown which dimensions psychopathology most closely related to the occurrence PLEs. In this study, we aimed analyze association PLEs various domains psychopathology.A total 1100 nonclinical adults (aged 18-35 years, 51.4% females) negative history psychiatric treatment were surveyed. Assessment was performed using self-reports. Symptoms explored as continuous variables and based on clinically relevant thresholds two separate network analyses.In both analyses, directly connected obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, manic depressive attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) Anxiety symptoms only in threshold scores. Importantly, edge weight for connection OCD significantly higher compared weights all other direct connections networks. Edge between ADHD scores depressive, anxiety, did not differ networks.Our findings indicate that multiple psychopathology. these phenomena strongly regardless their severity threshold.

Язык: Английский

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The shared genetic risk architecture of neurological and psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2023

While neurological and psychiatric disorders have historically been considered to reflect distinct pathogenic entities, recent findings suggest shared pathobiological mechanisms. However, the extent which these heritable share genetic influences remains unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of GWAS data, involving nearly 1 million cases across ten diseases disorders, compare their common risk biological underpinnings. Using complementary statistical tools, demonstrate widespread overlap even in absence correlations. This indicates that large set variants impact multiple but with divergent effect sizes. Furthermore, interrogation revealed range processes associated diseases, while consistently implicated neuronal biology. Altogether, study key etiological aspects, has important implications for disease classification, precision medicine, clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Role of Emergency Physicians in Medical Clearance: Predictors of Diagnosing Psychiatric Illness in the Emergency Department – A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Current Medical Issues, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1), С. 25 - 31

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Background: Medical clearance for patients presenting with psychiatric-like illnesses has been a topic of debate years. This study aimed to determine the predictors diagnosing psychiatric illness in emergency department (ED). Methods: The included aged ≥13 years adult ED over 1 year (January 01, 2019–December 31, 2019). charts were reviewed, and multiple variables coded analyzed. Results: Our 361 patients, constituting 0.89% total visits. majority (335 92.8%) diagnosed primary illnesses, while 26 (7.2%) had underlying medical conditions contributing their symptoms. Bivariate multivariate logistic regression analysis identified initial diagnoses, including abnormal behavior (odd’s ratio [OR]: 8.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.04–33.65; P < 0.01) substance abuse (adjusted OR: 17.27; CI: 3.88–76.88; 0.01). Notable findings involved family history or previous (OR: 2.32; 0.59–6.09; 0.01), absence comorbidities 2.47; 1.05–5.86; no new medication initiation before 6.43; 1.52–27.18; normal sensorium 2.84; 0.81–10.00; intact orientation 6.73; 1.24–36.42; demonstrated statistically significant an diagnosis ED. Conclusion: Significant behavior, abuse, history, major conditions, recent changes onset, orientation, laboratory markers at presentation.

Язык: Английский

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MRI-based cortical gray/white matter contrast in young adults who endorse psychotic experiences or are at genetic risk for psychosis

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 349, С. 111981 - 111981

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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