Pharmacology Research & Perspectives,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024
Diabetic
cardiomyopathy
(DCM)
is
a
condition
characterized
by
myocardial
dysfunction
that
occurs
in
individuals
with
diabetes,
the
absence
of
coronary
artery
disease,
valve
and
other
conventional
cardiovascular
risk
factors
such
as
hypertension
dyslipidemia.
It
considered
significant
consequential
complication
diabetes
field
medicine.
The
primary
pathological
manifestations
include
hypertrophy,
fibrosis,
impaired
ventricular
function,
which
can
lead
to
widespread
necrosis.
Ultimately,
this
progress
development
heart
failure,
arrhythmias,
cardiogenic
shock,
severe
cases
even
resulting
sudden
cardiac
death.
Despite
several
decades
both
fundamental
clinical
research
conducted
globally,
there
are
currently
no
specific
targeted
therapies
available
for
DCM
practice,
incidence
mortality
rates
failure
remain
persistently
high.
Thus,
article
provides
an
overview
current
treatment
modalities
novel
techniques
pertaining
DCM,
aiming
offer
valuable
insights
support
researchers
dedicated
investigating
complex
condition.
Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
23(3), С. 754 - 762
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020
To
investigate
the
effects
of
once-weekly
subcutaneous
(s.c.)
semaglutide
2.4
mg
on
gastric
emptying,
appetite,
and
energy
intake
in
adults
with
obesity.A
double-blind,
parallel-group
trial
was
conducted
72
obesity,
randomized
to
s.c.
(dose-escalated
mg)
or
placebo
for
20
weeks.
Gastric
emptying
assessed
using
paracetamol
absorption
following
a
standardized
breakfast.
Participant-reported
appetite
ratings
Control
Eating
Questionnaire
(CoEQ)
responses
were
assessed,
measured
during
ad
libitum
lunch.The
area
under
concentration-time
curve
(AUC)
0
5
hours
after
meal
(AUC0-5h,para
;
primary
endpoint)
increased
by
8%
(P
=
0.005)
versus
at
week
(non-significant
when
corrected
body
weight;
P
0.12).
No
effect
seen
AUC0-1h,para
,
maximum
observed
concentration,
time
concentration.
Ad
35%
lower
(1736
2676
kJ;
estimated
treatment
difference
-940
<0.0001).
Semaglutide
reduced
hunger
prospective
food
consumption,
fullness
satiety
compared
(all
<0.02).
The
CoEQ
indicated
better
control
eating
fewer/weaker
cravings
<0.05).
Body
weight
9.9%
0.4%
placebo.
Safety
consistent
known
profile
semaglutide.In
suppressed
improved
eating,
cravings,
There
no
evidence
delayed
20,
indirectly
via
absorption.
BMJ,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. e076410 - e076410
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024
Abstract
Objective
To
evaluate
the
comparative
efficacy
and
safety
of
glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs)
on
glycaemic
control,
body
weight,
lipid
profile
in
adults
with
type
2
diabetes.
Design
Systematic
review
network
meta-analysis.
Data
sources
PubMed,
Web
Science,
Cochrane
Central
Register
Controlled
Trials
(CENTRAL),
Embase
from
database
inception
to
19
August
2023.
Eligibility
criteria
for
selecting
studies
Eligible
randomised
controlled
trials
enrolled
diabetes
who
received
GLP-1RA
treatments
compared
effects
placebo
or
any
drug,
a
follow-up
duration
at
least
12
weeks.
crossover
design,
non-inferiority
comparing
other
drug
classes
without
group,
using
withdrawn
drugs,
non-English
were
deemed
ineligible.
Results
76
eligible
involving
15
drugs
39
246
participants
included
this
meta-analysis;
all
subsequent
estimates
refer
comparison
placebo.
All
GLP-1RAs
effectively
lowered
haemoglobin
A
1c
fasting
plasma
glucose
concentrations.
Tirzepatide
induced
largest
reduction
concentrations
(mean
difference
−2.10%
(95%
confidence
interval
−2.47%
−1.74%),
surface
under
cumulative
ranking
curve
94.2%;
high
evidence),
(−3.12
mmol/L
(−3.59
−2.66),
97.2%;
confidence),
proved
most
effective
control.
Furthermore,
shown
have
strong
benefits
weight
management
patients
CagriSema
(semaglutide
cagrilintide)
resulted
highest
loss
−14.03
kg
−17.05
−11.00);
followed
by
tirzepatide
(−8.47
(−9.68
−7.26);
confidence).
Semaglutide
was
lowering
concentration
low
density
lipoprotein
(−0.16
(−0.30
−0.02))
total
cholesterol
(−0.48
(−0.84
−0.11)).
Moreover,
study
also
raises
awareness
gastrointestinal
adverse
events
GLP-1RAs,
concerns
about
are
especially
warranted
dose
administration.
Conclusions
efficacious
treating
Compared
placebo,
control
reducing
significantly
improved
diabetes,
performing
best
loss.
The
results
prompt
administration,
regarding
events.
registration
PROSPERO
CRD42022342845.
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
131(4)
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2021
The
extrinsic
and
autonomic
nervous
system
intricately
controls
the
major
functions
of
gastrointestinal
tract
through
enteric
system;
these
include
motor,
secretory,
sensory,
storage,
excretory
functions.
Disorders
affecting
function
manifest
primarily
as
abnormalities
in
motor
(rather
than
secretory)
Common
symptoms
neurologic
disorders
sialorrhea,
dysphagia,
gastroparesis,
intestinal
pseudo-obstruction,
constipation,
diarrhea,
fecal
incontinence.
Diseases
entire
neural
axis
ranging
from
cerebral
hemispheres
to
peripheral
nerves
can
result
motility
disorders.
most
common
diseases
are
stroke,
parkinsonism,
multiple
sclerosis,
diabetic
neuropathy.
Diagnosis
involves
identification
disease
its
distribution,
documentation
segmental
gut
dysfunction,
typically
using
noninvasive
imaging,
transit
measurements,
or
intraluminal
measurements
pressure
activity
coordination
motility.
Apart
treatment
underlying
disease,
management
focuses
on
restoration
normal
hydration
nutrition
pharmacologic
neuromuscular
disorder.
Cell Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
34(1), С. 59 - 74.e10
Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2021
Unimolecular
triple
incretins,
combining
the
activity
of
glucagon-like
peptide-1
(GLP-1),
glucose-dependent
insulinotropic
polypeptide
(GIP),
and
glucagon
(GCG),
have
demonstrated
reduction
in
body
weight
improved
glucose
control
rodent
models.
We
developed
SAR441255,
a
synthetic
peptide
agonist
GLP-1,
GCG,
GIP
receptors,
structurally
based
on
exendin-4
sequence.
SAR441255
displays
high
potency
with
balanced
activation
all
three
target
receptors.
In
animal
models,
metabolic
outcomes
were
superior
to
results
dual
GLP-1/GCG
receptor
agonist.
Preclinical
vivo
positron
emission
tomography
imaging
binding
GLP-1
GCG
healthy
subjects,
glycemic
during
mixed-meal
tolerance
test
impacted
biomarkers
for
activation.
Single
doses
well
tolerated.
The
demonstrate
that
integrating
into
agonism
provides
effects
loss
while
buffering
diabetogenic
risk
chronic
agonism.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1), С. 145 - 145
Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2022
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1
RAs)
are
indicated
in
type
2
diabetes
and
obesity
for
their
high
efficacy
controlling
glycaemia
inducing
body
weight
loss,
respectively.
Patients
may
develop
gastrointestinal
adverse
events
(GI
AEs),
namely
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhoea
and/or
constipation.
To
minimize
severity
duration,
healthcare
providers
(HCPs)
patients
must
be
aware
of
appropriate
measures
to
follow
while
undergoing
treatment.
An
expert
panel
comprising
endocrinologists,
nephrologists,
primary
care
physicians,
cardiologists,
internists
nurse
educators
convened
across
virtual
meetings
reach
a
consensus
regarding
these
compelling
recommendations.
Firstly,
specific
guidelines
provided
about
how
the
maintenance
dose
proceed
if
GI
AEs
during
dose-escalation.
Secondly,
directions
set
avoid/minimize
constipation
symptoms.
Clinical
scenarios
representing
common
situations
daily
practice,
infographics
useful
guide
both
HCPs
patients,
included.
These
recommendations
prevent
people
with
T2D
from
withdrawing
GLP-1
RAs
treatment,
thus
benefitting
superior
effect
on
glycaemic
control
loss.
Obesity,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
30(8), С. 1608 - 1620
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2022
Abstract
Objective
This
study
aimed
to
determine
the
effects
of
a
long‐acting
glucagon‐like
peptide‐1
(GLP‐1)
receptor
agonist,
liraglutide,
and
placebo
subcutaneously
over
16
weeks
on
weight
gastric
functions
evaluate
associations
single‐nucleotide
polymorphisms
in
GLP1R
(rs6923761)
TCF7L2
(rs7903146)
with
liraglutide.
Methods
The
conducted
randomized,
parallel‐group,
placebo‐controlled,
16‐week
trial
escalated
3
mg
daily
136
otherwise
healthy
adults
obesity.
Weight,
emptying
solids
(GES),
volumes,
satiation,
body
composition
measured
at
baseline
after
treatment
were
compared
two
groups
using
analysis
covariance.
Results
Liraglutide
(
n
=
59)
65)
completed
treatment.
Relative
placebo,
liraglutide
increased
loss
5
(both
p
<
0.05),
slowed
time
half
GES
(T
1/2
)
0.001),
fasting
volume
0.01)
satiation
weeks.
T
was
positively
correlated
0.001).
After
rs6923761
(AG/AA
vs.
GG)
associated
reduced
percent
fat
0.062),
rs7903146
(CC
CT/TT)
lower
0.015).
Conclusions
Liraglutide,
mg,
induces
delay
reduces
calorie
intake.
Slowing
variations
are
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
158, С. 105562 - 105562
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
Over
the
past
two
decades,
whole
food
supplementation
strategies
have
been
leveraged
to
target
mental
health.
In
addition,
there
has
increasing
attention
on
ability
of
gut
microbes,
so
called
psychobiotics,
positively
impact
behaviour
though
microbiota-gut-brain
axis.
Fermented
foods
offer
themselves
as
a
combined
microbiota
modulating
intervention.
Indeed,
they
contain
potentially
beneficial
microbial
metabolites
and
other
bioactives,
which
are
being
harnessed
axis
for
positive
benefits.
This
review
highlights
diverse
nature
fermented
in
terms
raw
materials
used
type
fermentation
employed,
summarises
their
potential
shape
composition
microbiota,
brain
communication
pathways
including
immune
system
and,
ultimately,
modulate
Throughout,
we
identify
knowledge
gaps
challenges
faced
designing
human
studies
investigating
health-promoting
individual
or
components
thereof.
Importantly,
also
suggest
solutions
that
can
advance
understanding
therapeutic
merit
The American Journal of Gastroenterology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
119(6), С. 1081 - 1088
Опубликована: Март 27, 2024
INTRODUCTION:
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs)
prescribed
for
weight
loss
and
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
can
delay
gastric
emptying,
but
risk
factors
impact
on
procedure
outcomes
remain
unclear.
METHODS:
We
compared
frequency
of
residue
upper
endoscopy
in
patients
a
GLP-1RA
propensity
score-matched
controls
this
retrospective
case-control
study
consecutive
undergoing
endoscopic
procedures
over
3.5-year
period.
GLP-1RAs
were
not
held
before
endoscopy.
The
presence
was
assessed
by
reviewing
reports
images.
Predictors
consequences
with
determined.
RESULTS:
In
306
users
matched
controls,
rates
significantly
higher
use
(14%
vs
4%,
P
<
0.01),
especially
T2DM
insulin
dependence
(17%
5%,
0.01)
complications
(15%
2%,
0.01).
Lower
noted
after
prolonged
fasting
clear
liquids
concurrent
colonoscopy
(2%
11%,
afternoon
(4%
While
22%
required
intubation
25%
had
early
termination,
no
procedural
or
aspiration
recorded.
DISCUSSION:
is
associated
increased
endoscopy,
particularly
T2DM,
surpassing
the
opiates
alone.
Risk
highest
while
clear-liquid
diet
are
protective.
This
does
appear
to
translate
an
complications.