Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(9), С. 7910 - 7910

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data from general pathology perspective, particularly with regard atherogenesis patterns in context both canonical and non-classical inflammation types. In review, we analyze various typical phenomena outcomes cellular pro-inflammatory stress atherosclerosis, as well role endothelial dysfunction local systemic manifestations low-grade inflammation. We also present features immune development productive stable unstable plaques, along their similarities differences compared There are numerous factors that act inducers inflammatory process including vascular endothelium aging, metabolic dysfunctions, autoimmune, some cases, infectious damage factors. Life-critical complications such cardiogenic shock severe strokes, associated acute hyperinflammation. Additionally, critical atherosclerotic ischemia lower extremities induces paracoagulation chronic Conversely, sepsis, other conditions, diseases contribute atherogenesis. summary, can be characterized an independent form inflammation, sharing but having fundamental variants (classic vasculitis).

Язык: Английский

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Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases

MedComm, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Abstract Chemokines are a large family of small secreted proteins that have fundamental roles in organ development, normal physiology, and immune responses upon binding to their corresponding receptors. The primary functions chemokines coordinate recruit cells from tissues participate regulating interactions between cells. In addition the generally recognized antimicrobial immunity, chemokine/chemokine receptor axis also exerts tumorigenic function many different cancer models is involved formation immunosuppressive protective tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential prognostic markers for various hematologic solid tumors. fact, apart its vital role tumors, almost all inflammatory diseases involve receptors one way or another. Modulating expression and/or on provides basis exploitation new drugs clinical evaluation treatment related diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances chemokine systems protumor antitumor discuss prevailing understanding how system operates this review, emphatically highlight complexity explore guide

Язык: Английский

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Curcumin derived from medicinal homologous foods: its main signals in immunoregulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2023

It has been for thousands of years in China known medicinal homologous foods that can be employed both as and medicines to benefit human animal health. These edible herbal materials perform divert roles the regulation metabolic disorders, cancers, immune-related diseases. Curcumin, primary component derived from like curcuma longa rhizome, is reported play vital actions organic activities, such numerous pharmacological functions including anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation anti/pro-apoptosis treating various However, potential mechanisms curcumin-derived modulation still need developed attract more attention worldwide. Given these signal pathways are enrolled important bioactive reactions, we collected curcumin's last achievements predominantly on immune-regulation signals with underlying targetable strategies 10 years. This mini-review will helpful accelerate curcumin other extracts use future clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between cardiac oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine response, cardiac pump function, and prognosis post-myocardial infarction

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

This study delves into the potential connections between cardiac oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine response, pump function, and prognosis in individuals following myocardial infarction. A total of 276 patients were categorized two groups: control group (n = 130) observation 146), based on drug intervention strategies. The received standard treatment, while early targeting antioxidant anti-inflammatory treatment addition to treatment. Serum levels factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-9 (IL-6), assessed using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Forkhead Box Protein A2 (FOX2) reagent was used determine overall oxidation level. Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Diameter (LVEDD), Ejection Fraction (LVEF), End-Systolic (ESD) measured Doppler ultrasound. exhibited significantly reduced serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 compared (P < 0.05). Moreover, exerted lower levels, OSI, EDD, ESD 0.05), LVEF TAS higher than those Remarkably, experienced a significant reduction incidences reinfarction, heart failure, arrhythmia, abnormal valve function Decreased more unfavorable associated with elevated stress factors Timely appropriate medications have crucial effect decreasing marker mitigating pressure, enhancing pumping capacity prognosis.

Язык: Английский

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An Overview of the Enhanced Effects of Curcumin and Chemotherapeutic Agents in Combined Cancer Treatments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(16), С. 12587 - 12587

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

Due to the progressive ageing of human population, number cancer cases is increasing. For this reason, there an urgent need for new treatments that can prolong lives patients or ensure them a good quality life. Although significant progress has been made in treatment recent years and survival rate increasing, limitations use conventional therapies include frequent occurrence side effects development resistance chemotherapeutic agents. These are prompting researchers investigate whether combining natural agents with drugs could have positive therapeutic effect treatment. Several bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols, shown be effective against progression do not exert toxic on healthy tissues. Many studies investigated possibility polyphenols as novel anticancer strategy. Indeed, combination often synergistic benefits increase drug efficacy reduce adverse effects. In review, we provide overview describing curcumin, polyphenol extensive cytotoxic functions cells, including combined particular, described results preclinical clinical exploring pleiotropic curcumin standard potential consider it promising tool therapy.

Язык: Английский

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Noradrenaline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(11), С. 6143 - 6143

Опубликована: Май 30, 2022

A growing body of evidence demonstrates the important role noradrenergic system in pathogenesis many neurodegenerative processes, especially Alzheimer’s disease, due to its ability control glial activation and chemokine production resulting anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects. Noradrenaline involvement this disease was first proposed after finding deficits neurons locus coeruleus from patients. Based on this, it has been hypothesized that early loss projections subsequent reduction noradrenaline brain levels contribute cognitive dysfunctions progression neurodegeneration. Several studies have focused analyzing development disease. In review we summarize some most relevant data describing alterations normally occurring as well experimental which concentration modified order further analyze how these affect behavior viability different nervous cells. The combination here presented suggests maintenance adequate central constitutes a key factor endogenous defense systems help prevent or delay For reason, use modulating drugs is an interesting alternative therapeutic option for

Язык: Английский

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The roles of neutrophils in cardiovascular diseases

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

The immune response plays a vital role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As crucial component innate system, neutrophils are involved initial inflammatory following injury, thereby inducing subsequent damage and promoting recovery. Neutrophils exert their functional effects tissues through various mechanisms, including activation formation neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Once activated, recruited to site where they release mediators cytokines. This study discusses main mechanisms associated with activity proposes potential new therapeutic targets. In this review, we systematically summarize diverse phenotypes disease regulatory different modes cell death, focus on relevance CVDs, atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, viral myocarditis. Finally, also emphasize preclinical/clinical translational significance neutrophil-targeted strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence of Inflammatory Network Disruption in Chronic Venous Disease: An Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Chemokines

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 150 - 150

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Background: Chronic venous disease (CVD) comprises a set of vascular disorders that affect the system with important local and systemic repercussions. A growing body evidence displays relationship between suffering from CVD marked deregulation immune inflammatory system. In this sense, previous literature has reported some significant changes in level various circulating parameters these patients. However, more research is required to detail deepen complex relationship. Methods: work, we studied, using multiplex technique, levels cytokines chemokines detectable serum 40 patients compared it 38 healthy controls (HCs). parallel, performed Spearman's correlation analysis explore potential networks CVD. Results: study, measured assay. Results showed increased several pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-23, TNF-α, IFN-γ, fractalkine, ITAC, GM-CSF) decrease IL-13, no IL-4, IL-10, IL-21, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, or MIP-3α. The Spearman revealed strong, positive correlations among HC, particularly TNF-alpha, IL-1β, forming highly interconnected cytokine network. contrast, fewer, weaker, distinct correlations, new associations such as IFN-γ IL-1β suggesting disrupted profile. Conclusions: profile patients, characterized by altered chemokine less coordinated network, underscores reconfiguration pathways condition. These findings highlight therapeutic targets aimed at restoring balance mitigating chronic inflammation

Язык: Английский

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Decoding the immune Response: Analyzing PBMCs in ischemic stroke and Evaluating the effects of Rivaroxaban on gene expression

Human Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 86(2), С. 111252 - 111252

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cardiovascular adverse events in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with nilotinib or imatinib: A systematic review, meta-analysis and integrative bioinformatics analysis

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2022

Objective The aim of this article is to assess the risk and potential mechanisms cardiovascular adverse events in patients treated with nilotinib or imatinib by conducting a systematic review, meta-analysis integrative bioinformatics analysis. Materials methods Three databases were systematically searched for studies published from inception May 29, 2022. Differential expression analysis weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) performed search modules genes most associated cardiotoxicity. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) was then identify hub cardiotoxicity nilotinib. Molecular docking used analyze effects rosuvastatin aspirin on these targets. Results Patients as first-line treatment higher CAE (OR = 3.43 [95% CI 2.77–4.25]), CAD 5.30 3.85–7.29]), ACS 2.7 1.60–4.54]), CVA 5.76 2.84–11.28]), PAOD 5.57 3.26–9.50]) arrhythmia 2.34 [1.17,4.67]) than those imatinib, while no significant difference found HF 1.40 0.42–4.69]) between two groups. who more 600 mg daily dosage followed up 5 years had CVA. IL6, CXCL8, CCL2, SOD2, NFKBIA, BIRC3 identified top 6 magenta module (human cardiomyocyte samples) mainly enriched NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, IL-17 TNF lipid atherosclerosis pathway. TYROBP CSF1R turquoise (liver samples Mus musculus). GSEA results showed that type II diabetes mellitus, B-cell receptor, apoptosis, insulin, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, mTOR, chemokine, T-cell pathways related caused Rosuvastatin can effectively bind targets proteins inflammatory above. Conclusion CML start have imatinib. Atherosclerosis response glycolipid metabolism disorder key mechanism may be an effective

Язык: Английский

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