Frontiers in Animal Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024
Reptile
expos
are
typically
itinerant
events
at
which
live
wild-caught
and/or
captive-bred
turtles,
tortoises,
crocodiles,
lizards,
and
snakes
displayed,
sold,
or
exchanged
for
pet
keeping
purposes.
We
conducted
a
literature
review
analysis
of
reports
regarding
animal
welfare
public
health
issues
concern
associated
with
the
display
sale
reptiles
in
Europe
North
America.
also
limited
survey
several
relevant
government
authorities
to
briefly
appraise
existing
situations
governance
law
internationally,
performed
further
examination
online
advertisements
order
estimate
number
events.
In
addition,
we
an
comparing
husbandry
standards
reptile
versus
other
using
UK
formal
legal
guidance,
adopts
Five
Welfare
Needs
as
basis.
Finally,
SWOT
(strengths,
weaknesses,
opportunities,
threats)
key
features
expos.
identified
least
10
5
safety
problems
occurring
endemic
typical
operation
Comparisons
between
ways
regarded
managed
relation
to,
example,
traditional
zoos,
mobile
sales
stark
concerning,
constituting
protective
potentially
most
harmful
out
all
captive
reptile-keeping
scenarios.
The
lack
monitoring
control
expos,
combined
their
frequent
occurrence,
strongly
indicates
requirement
urgently
prohibit
these
recommend
that
where
already
essentially
prohibited
such
bans
should
be
immutable
not
subject
any
weakening
provisions.
Where
permitted
limiting
conditions,
then
our
recommended
40
stipulations
overarching
principles
applied
interim
mitigating
measures
pending
introduction
prohibitions
‘bans’.
Governments
aim
ensure
enforcement
is
robust.
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
533(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
The
effects
of
environmental
enrichment
have
been
well
documented
in
mammals
and
birds,
but
less
work
has
focused
on
reptiles.
Because
snakes
are
common
captivity,
both
as
pets
research/commercial
facilities,
it
is
critical
to
explore
how
they
react
standard
captive
housing.
Here,
we
examined
the
brain
development
a
popular
pet
snake
species,
western
hognose
(Heterodon
nasicus).
Hognose
(n
=
15)
were
individually
housed
for
one
year
either
enriched
or
environments
before
their
brains
harvested
imaged
using
MRI.
We
found
that
had
significantly
larger
volumes
compared
snakes,
most
prominently
posterior
regions.
In
addition,
observed
sex-specific
investments:
grew
larger,
males
displayed
relatively
cerebral
hemispheres,
females
These
results
suggest
encouraging
healthy
plasticity
very
similar
birds.
The Anatomical Record,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
307(12), С. 3685 - 3716
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024
Recent
years
have
seen
increasing
scientific
interest
in
whether
neuron
counts
can
act
as
correlates
of
diverse
biological
phenomena.
Lately,
Herculano-Houzel
(2023)
argued
that
fossil
endocasts
and
comparative
neurological
data
from
extant
sauropsids
allow
to
reconstruct
telencephalic
Mesozoic
dinosaurs
pterosaurs,
which
might
proxies
for
behaviors
life
history
traits
these
animals.
According
this
analysis,
large
theropods
such
Tyrannosaurus
rex
were
long-lived,
exceptionally
intelligent
animals
equipped
with
"macaque-
or
baboon-like
cognition",
whereas
sauropods
most
ornithischian
would
displayed
significantly
smaller
brains
an
ectothermic
physiology.
Besides
challenging
established
views
on
dinosaur
biology,
claims
raise
questions
count
estimates
could
benefit
research
general.
Here,
we
address
findings
by
revisiting
Herculano-Houzel's
work,
identifying
several
crucial
shortcomings
regarding
analysis
interpretation.
We
present
revised
encephalization
dinosaurs,
derive
phylogenetically
informed
modeling
amended
dataset
endocranial
measurements.
For
large-bodied
particular,
recover
lower
than
previously
proposed.
Furthermore,
review
the
suitability
variables
numbers
relative
brain
size
predict
cognitive
complexity,
metabolic
rate
coming
conclusion
they
are
flawed
Instead
relying
when
reconstructing
argue
integrative
studies
needed
approach
complex
subject.
Learning & Behavior,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Despite
numerous
studies
on
individual
recognition
having
been
carried
out
lizards,
a
clear
demonstration
that
lizards
are
able
to
identify
conspecifics
is
still
lacking.
Individual
in
involves
identifying
based
distinctive
characteristics,
including
physical,
acoustic,
and
chemical
cues.
Lizards
use
specialized
epidermal
glands
for
intraspecific
communication,
which
secrete
mixture
of
proteins
lipids.
To
demonstrate
recognition,
training
period
needs
be
devised
establish
associations
between
traits
memories
interactions
with
other
individuals.
We
thus
performed
3-week
study
the
common
wall
(Podarcis
muralis)
assess
whether
associate
previous
experience
their
signals.
Further,
we
investigated
played
role
this
association.
acclimated
40
males
laboratory
conditions
during
first
week.
In
second
week,
trained
develop
familiarity
odors
(feces,
urine,
skin,
femoral
gland
secretion)
from
previously
unknown
During
third
tested
by
exposing
them
familiar
unfamiliar
examined
signals
longer
terms
time
frequency
compared
ones.
These
results
form
basis
showing
may
capable
recognizing
as
different
individuals,
signals,
even
if
observed
discrimination
remains
at
level
unfamiliarity.
The
experiment
does,
however,
evidence
learned
responses
lizards.
