Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2019
The
constant
interactions
between
plants
and
pathogens
in
the
environment
resulting
outcomes
are
of
significant
importance
for
agriculture
agricultural
scientists.
Disease
resistance
genes
plant
cultivars
can
break
down
field
due
to
evolution
under
high
selection
pressure.
Thus,
protection
crop
against
is
a
continuous
arms
race.
Like
any
other
plants,
legumes
also
susceptible
many
pathogens.
dawn
genomic
era
with
high-throughput
cost-effective
tools
has
revolutionized
our
understanding
complex
have
enabled
global
view
transcriptome
changes
during
these
that
identified
several
key
players
both
resistant
interactions.
This
review
summarizes
some
large-scale
studies
comprehend
host
transcriptional
their
while
highlighting
molecular
breeding
available
introgress
traits
into
programs.
These
provide
valuable
insights
basis
different
levels
defenses
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024
The
deployment
of
omics
technologies
has
obtained
an
incredible
boost
over
the
past
few
decades
with
advances
in
next-generation
sequencing
(NGS)
technologies,
innovative
bioinformatics
tools,
and
deluge
available
biological
information.
major
limelight
are
genomics,
transcriptomics,
proteomics,
metabolomics,
phenomics.
These
biotechnological
have
modernized
crop
breeding
opened
new
horizons
for
developing
varieties
improved
traits.
genomes
several
species
sequenced,
a
huge
number
genes
associated
crucial
economic
traits
been
identified.
identified
not
only
provide
insights
into
understanding
regulatory
mechanisms
but
also
decipher
practical
grounds
to
assist
molecular
crops.
This
review
discusses
potential
acquisition
information
mining
important
agronomic
food
fiber
crops,
such
as
wheat,
rice,
maize,
potato,
tomato,
cassava,
cotton.
Different
functional
genomics
approaches
validation
these
highlighted.
Furthermore,
list
discovered
by
employing
is
being
represented
targets
genetic
modifications
latest
genome
engineering
methods
development
climate-resilient
crops
that
would
turn
great
impetus
secure
global
security.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
Wild
emmer
(
Triticum
turgidum
ssp.
dicoccoides
)
genotypes
were
studied
for
their
high-nutritional
value
and
good
tolerance
to
various
types
of
stress;
this
reason,
several
QTL
(quantitative
trait
loci)
studies
have
been
conducted
find
favorable
alleles
be
introgressed
into
modern
wheat
cultivars.
Given
the
complexity
nature,
interaction
with
environment,
other
QTLs,
a
small
number
used
in
breeding
programs.
Meta-QTL
(MQTL)
analysis
helps
simplify
existing
information,
identifying
stable
genomic
regions
possible
candidate
genes
further
allele
introgression.
The
study
aimed
identify
across
different
environmental
conditions
genetic
backgrounds
using
information
past
14
years
traits
wild
based
upon
17
independent
studies.
A
total
41
classified
as
quality
(16),
mineral
composition
(11),
abiotic-related
(13),
disease-related
(1).
revealed
852
QTLs
distributed
all
chromosomes
emmer,
an
average
61
per
chromosome.
Quality
had
highest
(35%),
followed
by
content
(33%),
(28%),
(4%).
Grain
protein
(GPC)
thousand
kernel
weight
(TKW)
associated
most
detected.
43
MQTLs
identified,
simplifying
reducing
confidence
interval
(CI)
from
22.6
4.78
cM.
These
multiple
categories.
Nine
identified
MQTLs,
potentially
contributing
such
quality,
content,
abiotic
stress
resistance.
play
essential
roles
plant
processes,
carbohydrate
metabolism,
nitrogen
assimilation,
cell
wall
biogenesis,
extensibility.
Overall,
underscores
importance
considering
MQTL
programs,
it
identifies
traits,
offering
potential
solutions
improving
varieties
under
diverse
conditions.
Fusarium
wilt
(FW)
significantly
affects
the
growth
and
development
of
chickpea
(Cicer
arietinum
L.),
leading
to
substantial
economic
losses.
FW
resistance
is
a
quantitative
trait
that
controlled
by
multiple
genomic
regions.
In
this
study,
meta-analysis
was
conducted
on
32
loci
(QTLs)
associated
with
resistance,
identification
seven
meta-QTL
(MQTL)
regions
distributed
across
CaLG2,
CaLG4,
CaLG5,
CaLG6
linkage
groups.
The
integrated
analysis
revealed
several
candidate
genes
potentially
important
for
including
sensing
(e.g.,
LRR-RLK),
signaling
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
[MAPK1]),
transcription
regulation
NAC,
WRKY,
bZIP).
Subsequently,
marker-assisted
backcrossing
(MABC)
trial
executed
leveraging
MQTL
outcomes
introgress
from
an
FW-resistant
cultivar
(Ana)
into
superior
high-yielding
Kabuli
(Hashem).
breeding
process
extended
over
5
years
(2018-2023)
resulted
in
BC3F2
genotypes.
Consequently,
12
genotypes
carrying
homozygous
alleles
were
chosen,
three
showing
genetic
backgrounds
matching
90%-96%
recurrent
parent.
findings
study
have
significant
implications
upcoming
programs,
encompassing
fine-mapping,
breeding,
engineering,
consequently
contributing
effective
control
improved
production
chickpea.
G3 Genes Genomes Genetics,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
9(12), С. 4045 - 4057
Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2019
Dissecting
the
genetic
architecture
of
stress
tolerance
in
crops
is
critical
to
understand
and
improve
adaptation.
In
temperate
climates,
early
planting
chilling-tolerant
varieties
could
provide
longer
growing
seasons
drought
escape,
but
chilling
(<15°)
generally
lacking
tropical-origin
crops.
Here
we
developed
a
nested
association
mapping
(NAM)
population
dissect
early-season
cereal
sorghum
(Sorghum
bicolor
[L.]
Moench).
The
NAM
resource,
from
reference
line
BTx623
three
Chinese
lines,
comprised
771
recombinant
inbred
lines
genotyped
by
sequencing
at
43,320
single
nucleotide
polymorphisms.
We
phenotyped
for
emergence,
seedling
vigor,
agronomic
traits
(>75,000
data
points
∼16,000
plots)
multi-environment
field
trials
Kansas
under
natural
(sown
30-45
days
early)
normal
conditions.
Joint
linkage
with
early-planted
phenotypes
revealed
an
oligogenic
architecture,
5-10
loci
explaining
20-41%
variation.
Surprisingly,
several
major
co-localize
precisely
classical
grain
tannin
(Tan1
Tan2)
dwarfing
genes
(Dw1
Dw3)
that
were
strong
directional
selection
US
during
20th
century.
These
findings
suggest
sensitivity
was
inadvertently
selected
due
coinheritance
desired
nontannin
alleles.
characterization
reveals
why
past
breeding
stymied
provides
path
genomics-enabled
tolerance.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2019
The
constant
interactions
between
plants
and
pathogens
in
the
environment
resulting
outcomes
are
of
significant
importance
for
agriculture
agricultural
scientists.
Disease
resistance
genes
plant
cultivars
can
break
down
field
due
to
evolution
under
high
selection
pressure.
Thus,
protection
crop
against
is
a
continuous
arms
race.
Like
any
other
plants,
legumes
also
susceptible
many
pathogens.
dawn
genomic
era
with
high-throughput
cost-effective
tools
has
revolutionized
our
understanding
complex
have
enabled
global
view
transcriptome
changes
during
these
that
identified
several
key
players
both
resistant
interactions.
This
review
summarizes
some
large-scale
studies
comprehend
host
transcriptional
their
while
highlighting
molecular
breeding
available
introgress
traits
into
programs.
These
provide
valuable
insights
basis
different
levels
defenses
