G3 Genes Genomes Genetics,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
9(12), P. 4045 - 4057
Published: Oct. 15, 2019
Dissecting
the
genetic
architecture
of
stress
tolerance
in
crops
is
critical
to
understand
and
improve
adaptation.
In
temperate
climates,
early
planting
chilling-tolerant
varieties
could
provide
longer
growing
seasons
drought
escape,
but
chilling
(<15°)
generally
lacking
tropical-origin
crops.
Here
we
developed
a
nested
association
mapping
(NAM)
population
dissect
early-season
cereal
sorghum
(Sorghum
bicolor
[L.]
Moench).
The
NAM
resource,
from
reference
line
BTx623
three
Chinese
lines,
comprised
771
recombinant
inbred
lines
genotyped
by
sequencing
at
43,320
single
nucleotide
polymorphisms.
We
phenotyped
for
emergence,
seedling
vigor,
agronomic
traits
(>75,000
data
points
∼16,000
plots)
multi-environment
field
trials
Kansas
under
natural
(sown
30-45
days
early)
normal
conditions.
Joint
linkage
with
early-planted
phenotypes
revealed
an
oligogenic
architecture,
5-10
loci
explaining
20-41%
variation.
Surprisingly,
several
major
co-localize
precisely
classical
grain
tannin
(Tan1
Tan2)
dwarfing
genes
(Dw1
Dw3)
that
were
strong
directional
selection
US
during
20th
century.
These
findings
suggest
sensitivity
was
inadvertently
selected
due
coinheritance
desired
nontannin
alleles.
characterization
reveals
why
past
breeding
stymied
provides
path
genomics-enabled
tolerance.
Journal of Advanced Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62, P. 27 - 46
Published: Sept. 21, 2023
Cereal
crops
are
a
primary
energy
source
for
humans.
Grain
size
and
weight
affect
both
evolutionary
fitness
grain
yield
of
cereals.
Although
studies
on
gene
mining
molecular
mechanisms
controlling
constantly
emerging
in
cereal
crops,
only
few
systematic
reviews
the
underlying
their
breeding
applications
available
so
far.
review:
This
review
provides
general
state-of-the-art
overview
targeted
strategies
improving
cereals
as
well
insights
future
yield-improving
biotechnology-assisted
breeding.
Key
scientific
concepts
In
this
review,
evolution
research
over
last
20
years
is
traced
based
bibliometric
analysis
1158
publications
main
signaling
pathways
transcriptional
factors
involved
summarized.
addition,
roles
post-transcriptional
regulation
photosynthetic
product
accumulation
affecting
maize
rice
outlined.
State-of-the-art
discovering
novel
genes
related
to
other
advanced
biotechnology
being
used
including
marker-assisted
selection,
genomic
transgenic
breeding,
genome
editing
also
discussed.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
The
deployment
of
omics
technologies
has
obtained
an
incredible
boost
over
the
past
few
decades
with
advances
in
next-generation
sequencing
(NGS)
technologies,
innovative
bioinformatics
tools,
and
deluge
available
biological
information.
major
limelight
are
genomics,
transcriptomics,
proteomics,
metabolomics,
phenomics.
These
biotechnological
have
modernized
crop
breeding
opened
new
horizons
for
developing
varieties
improved
traits.
genomes
several
species
sequenced,
a
huge
number
genes
associated
crucial
economic
traits
been
identified.
identified
not
only
provide
insights
into
understanding
regulatory
mechanisms
but
also
decipher
practical
grounds
to
assist
molecular
crops.
This
review
discusses
potential
acquisition
information
mining
important
agronomic
food
fiber
crops,
such
as
wheat,
rice,
maize,
potato,
tomato,
cassava,
cotton.
Different
functional
genomics
approaches
validation
these
highlighted.
Furthermore,
list
discovered
by
employing
is
being
represented
targets
genetic
modifications
latest
genome
engineering
methods
development
climate-resilient
crops
that
would
turn
great
impetus
secure
global
security.
Bulletin of Biological and Allied Sciences Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2024(1), P. 57 - 57
Published: Jan. 4, 2024
The
molecular
marker
method
has
come
a
long
way
in
the
last
30
years.
Genetic
research
advanced
from
RFLPs
to
SNPs.
Array
technology
was
also
used.
Sequencing
progress
led
creation
of
low-cost
NGS
systems
with
high
throughput.
Phenotyping
been
very
important
making
this
possible.
Markers
for
crops
like
rice,
corn,
and
potatoes
have
worked
on,
but
markers
that
aren't
used
much
haven't
studied
as
much.
Phylogenetics
ecology
are
other
areas
don't
know
about
markers.
Plant
breeding
DNA
modification
greatly
changed
since
recent
improvements
CRISPR
technology.
To
contrary,
some
MAS
(marker-assisted
selection)
methods
need
genome
beforehand,
which
makes
work
even
harder.
Researchers
plant
science
might
find
discussed
review
piece
useful
database.
They
could
use
them
alone
or
sequence-level
characters
different
fields.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: March 14, 2024
Wild
emmer
(
Triticum
turgidum
ssp.
dicoccoides
)
genotypes
were
studied
for
their
high-nutritional
value
and
good
tolerance
to
various
types
of
stress;
this
reason,
several
QTL
(quantitative
trait
loci)
studies
have
been
conducted
find
favorable
alleles
be
introgressed
into
modern
wheat
cultivars.
Given
the
complexity
nature,
interaction
with
environment,
other
QTLs,
a
small
number
used
in
breeding
programs.
Meta-QTL
(MQTL)
analysis
helps
simplify
existing
information,
identifying
stable
genomic
regions
possible
candidate
genes
further
allele
introgression.
The
study
aimed
identify
across
different
environmental
conditions
genetic
backgrounds
using
information
past
14
years
traits
wild
based
upon
17
independent
studies.
A
total
41
classified
as
quality
(16),
mineral
composition
(11),
abiotic-related
(13),
disease-related
(1).
revealed
852
QTLs
distributed
all
chromosomes
emmer,
an
average
61
per
chromosome.
Quality
had
highest
(35%),
followed
by
content
(33%),
(28%),
(4%).
Grain
protein
(GPC)
thousand
kernel
weight
(TKW)
associated
most
detected.
43
MQTLs
identified,
simplifying
reducing
confidence
interval
(CI)
from
22.6
4.78
cM.
These
multiple
categories.
Nine
identified
MQTLs,
potentially
contributing
such
quality,
content,
abiotic
stress
resistance.
play
essential
roles
plant
processes,
carbohydrate
metabolism,
nitrogen
assimilation,
cell
wall
biogenesis,
extensibility.
Overall,
underscores
importance
considering
MQTL
programs,
it
identifies
traits,
offering
potential
solutions
improving
varieties
under
diverse
conditions.
G3 Genes Genomes Genetics,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
9(12), P. 4045 - 4057
Published: Oct. 15, 2019
Dissecting
the
genetic
architecture
of
stress
tolerance
in
crops
is
critical
to
understand
and
improve
adaptation.
In
temperate
climates,
early
planting
chilling-tolerant
varieties
could
provide
longer
growing
seasons
drought
escape,
but
chilling
(<15°)
generally
lacking
tropical-origin
crops.
Here
we
developed
a
nested
association
mapping
(NAM)
population
dissect
early-season
cereal
sorghum
(Sorghum
bicolor
[L.]
Moench).
The
NAM
resource,
from
reference
line
BTx623
three
Chinese
lines,
comprised
771
recombinant
inbred
lines
genotyped
by
sequencing
at
43,320
single
nucleotide
polymorphisms.
We
phenotyped
for
emergence,
seedling
vigor,
agronomic
traits
(>75,000
data
points
∼16,000
plots)
multi-environment
field
trials
Kansas
under
natural
(sown
30-45
days
early)
normal
conditions.
Joint
linkage
with
early-planted
phenotypes
revealed
an
oligogenic
architecture,
5-10
loci
explaining
20-41%
variation.
Surprisingly,
several
major
co-localize
precisely
classical
grain
tannin
(Tan1
Tan2)
dwarfing
genes
(Dw1
Dw3)
that
were
strong
directional
selection
US
during
20th
century.
These
findings
suggest
sensitivity
was
inadvertently
selected
due
coinheritance
desired
nontannin
alleles.
characterization
reveals
why
past
breeding
stymied
provides
path
genomics-enabled
tolerance.
