Effects of cyanobacterial toxins on the human gastrointestinal tract and the mucosal innate immune system

Environmental Sciences Europe, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Май 21, 2019

Cyanobacterial blooms occur with increasing frequency in freshwater ecosystems, posing a hazard to human and environmental health. Exposure of cyanobacterial metabolites occurs mostly via accidental ingestion through contaminated drinking water or during recreational activities and, most frequently, results gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite the clinical manifestation, are rather investigated for their toxicity towards specific organs tissues, especially hepato-, nephro-, neurotoxicity, than effects on tract associated lymphoid tissue. The aim this review was systematically summarize available literature mucosal innate immune system compile data from both, vitro vivo studies, focusing health-relevant models. Our systematic revealed significant gaps understanding breaching barrier role establishment Microcystins cylindrospermopsin were linked symptoms, effects, both. Furthermore, bloom lipopolysaccharides, other less studied mixtures have been also implicated inflammation. collected indicate need reassessment potential enterotoxicity microcystins cylindrospermopsin. In addition, carcinogenic cyanotoxins, microcystins, has be clarified, as an amount epidemiological studies show correlations between cancer incidence. other, often highly abundant bioactive such aeruginosins, toxicologically evaluated at distinct levels accounting (sub-)chronic exposure low concentrations combination naturally co-occurring metabolites, which can expected supplies.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive Toxic Plants–Phytotoxins Database and Its Application in Assessing Aquatic Micropollution Potential

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 66(29), С. 7577 - 7588

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2018

The production of toxic plant secondary metabolites (phytotoxins) for defense is a widespread phenomenon in the kingdom and even present agricultural crops. These phytotoxins may have similar characteristics to anthropogenic micropollutants terms persistence toxicity. However, they are only rarely included environmental risk assessments, partly because systematic overview missing. Here, we newly developed, freely available database, Toxic Plants–PhytoToxins (TPPT), containing 1586 potential ecotoxicological relevance Central Europe linked 844 species. Our database summarizes phytotoxin patterns species provides detailed biological chemical information as well silico estimated properties. Using evaluated regarding occurrence, approximated from frequencies Swiss species; behavior based on aquatic mobility; assessment showed that over 34% all should be investigations.

Язык: Английский

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A Mini-Review on Detection Methods of Microcystins

Toxins, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(10), С. 641 - 641

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2020

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) produce microcystins (MCs) which are associated with animal and human hepatotoxicity. Over 270 variants of MC exist. MCs have been continually studied due their toxic consequences. Monitoring water quality to assess the presence is utmost importance although it often difficult because CyanoHABs may generate multiple variants, low concentration in water. To effectively manage control these toxins prevent health risks, sensitive, fast, reliable methods capable detecting required. This paper aims review three main analytical used detect ranging from biological (mouse bioassay), biochemical (protein phosphatase inhibition assay enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), chemical (high performance liquid chromatography, chromatography-mass spectrometry, high capillary electrophoresis, gas chromatography), as well newly emerging biosensor methods. In addition, current state regarding novel development usage, merits limitations presented. Finally, this also provides recommendations future research directions towards method application improvement.

Язык: Английский

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Contaminants: a dark side of food supplements?

Free Radical Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 53(sup1), С. 1113 - 1135

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2019

Food supplements (FS) are often consumed as one of the strategies to fight ageing-associated pathologies, especially in case oxidative stress-related diseases. Despite popularity FS, some concerns about their quality and safety have been raised, regarding presence contaminants. This paper reviews discusses occurrence contaminants marketed samples FS last two decades, considering both scientific literature notifications registered on RASFF portal. The most relevant classes were included namely metals, toxins, pesticides, dioxins PCBs, well pharmacologically active ingredients. Variable amounts reported a significant number commercially available FS. Although does not necessarily mean that levels exceed regulatory limits or intake constitutes risk human health, it alerts for need further monitor safety. evaluation associated consumption elderly population, is particularly challenging due frequent exposure multiple toxicants different sources, possible pre-existing diseases respective therapeutics. Therefore, improved control procedures monitoring programs should be pursued order avoid undesirable products assure

Язык: Английский

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In Vitro Toxicological Assessment of Cylindrospermopsin: A Review

Toxins, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 9(12), С. 402 - 402

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2017

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin that gaining importance, owing to its increasing expansion worldwide and the increased frequency of blooms. CYN mainly targets liver, but also involves other organs. Various mechanisms have been associated with toxicity, such as protein synthesis inhibition, oxidative stress, etc. However, toxic effects are not yet fully elucidated additional data for hazard characterization purposes required. In this regard, in vitro methods can play an important role, their advantages comparison vivo trials. The aim work was compile evaluate dealing available scientific literature, focusing on toxicokinetics main toxicity mechanisms. This analysis would be useful identify research needs gaps order complete knowledge about profile CYN. For example, it has shown various aspects, new emerging effects, analogs, or potential interaction cyanotoxins, among others, still very scarce. New studies therefore welcome.

Язык: Английский

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Simultaneous Microcystis algicidal and microcystin synthesis inhibition by a red pigment prodigiosin

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 256, С. 113444 - 113444

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Natural Products from Cyanobacteria: Focus on Beneficial Activities

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2019

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that colonize diverse environments worldwide, ranging from ocean to freshwaters, soils, and extreme environments. Their adaptation capacities the diversity of natural products (molecules, metabolites, or compounds) they synthesize support cyanobacterial success for colonization their respective ecological niches. Although cyanobacteria well-known toxin production relative deleterious consequences, also produce a large variety molecules exhibit beneficial properties with high potential various fields application (e.g., synthetic analog dolastatin 10 used against Hodgkin lymphoma). The present review specially focuses on activities described so far. Based an analysis 670 papers, it appears more than 90 genera have been found compounds activities, most them belonging orders Oscillatoriales, Nostocales Chroococcales, Synechococcales. rest (i.e., Pleurocapsales, Chroococcidiopsales, Gloeobacterales) remain poorly explored in terms molecular bioactivity. presenting bioactivities belong different chemical classes (alkaloids, depsipeptides, lipopeptides, macrolides/lactones, peptides, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, polyketides, others) 14 major kinds However, no direct relation between class bioactivity these has demonstrated. We further selected specifically 50 molecule families according specific uses pharmacology, cosmetology, agriculture, other interest. This up-to-date takes advantage recent progresses genome sequencing biosynthetic pathway elucidation, presents new perspectives rational discovery metabolites

Язык: Английский

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Co-Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins with Other Environmental Health Hazards: Impacts and Implications

Toxins, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(10), С. 629 - 629

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2020

Toxin-producing cyanobacteria in aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial environments can occur alongside a wide range of additional health hazards including biological agents synthetic materials. Cases intoxications involving cyanotoxins, with exposure to hazards, are discussed. Examples the co-occurrence such combinations reviewed, cyanotoxins plus algal toxins, microbial pathogens fecal indicator bacteria, metals, pesticides, microplastics. Toxicity assessments cyanobacteria, these agents, where investigated bioassays defined combinations, discussed further research needs identified.

Язык: Английский

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Oxygen-Generating Cyanobacteria Powered by Upconversion-Nanoparticles-Converted Near-Infrared Light for Ischemic Stroke Treatment

Nano Letters, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(11), С. 4654 - 4665

Опубликована: Май 19, 2021

Stroke is one of most common causes death and disability. Most neuroprotective agents fail to rescue neurons from cerebral ischemic insults, mainly because targeting downstream cascading events, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative nitrosative stress, inflammation, rather than improving hypoxia that initially occurs. Here, we report a near-infrared light (NIR)-driven nanophotosynthesis biosystem capable generating oxygen absorbing carbon dioxide, thus rescuing ischemia toward treating stroke. Through delivery S. elongatus spontaneously photosynthesize upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), NIR with excellent tissue penetrating capability converted visible by UCNPs activate in vivo, enhancing angiogenesis, reducing infarction, facilitating repair brain tissues, neuronal function recovery. The combination cell-biological, biochemical, animal-level behavioral data provides compelling evidence demonstrating this oxygen-generating through jointly utilizing microorganism nanotechnology represents novel approach stroke treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Antibacterial and antiviral metabolites from cyanobacteria: Their application and their impact on human health

Current Research in Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3, С. 65 - 81

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Bacterial and viral infections pose a direct threat to human health due the increase of drug-resistant novel pathogenic strains. Natural products represent prolific source bioactive metabolites, which have been exploited for their therapeutic effects. In particular, cyanobacteria were identified as important producers secondary metabolites possessing antibacterial antiviral activities, among others. A meta-analysis indicated that some natural product classes target bacteria or viruses exclusively. This result also applied cyanobacterial species produce only compounds. Furthermore, promising host bio-production ability perform photosynthesis low-cost production requirements. review highlights compounds isol isolated from biotechnological application these organisms .

Язык: Английский

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