The Effects of Astaxanthin on Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Renal Functional and Histopathological Disturbances in Rats: Relevance to Its Antioxidant Effects

Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2025

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of acute renal failure, primarily driven by oxidative stress and inflammation, resulting in cell dysfunction damage. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects astaxanthin (AST), potent antioxidant anti-inflammatory carotenoid, against I/R rat model. Methods: A total 30 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned five groups: sham group, an three groups treated with AST at doses 5, 10, 15 mg/kg after I/R. The group underwent surgery without ischemia received drug/AST solvent (5% DMSO) for seven days. experienced minutes followed days treatment drug solvent. AST-treated (AST mg/kg) subjected same ischemic conditions subsequently their respective AST. After period, kidney tissues harvested histological examination, serum samples analyzed function markers (urea creatinine) oxidative/antioxidant biomarkers, including catalase, glutathione (GSH), nitrite. Results: results indicated that administration significantly alleviated detrimental Biochemical analysis revealed marked reductions levels urea creatinine, alongside increases (catalase GSH) decreases nitrite groups. Notably, receiving exhibited substantial reduction tissue Conclusions: demonstrated significant protective model, as evidenced improvements function, histology, biomarker profiles.

Язык: Английский

Neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin in a scopolamine-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease through antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways and opioid/benzodiazepine receptors: attenuation of Nrf2, NF-κB, and interconnected pathways

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Given the complexity of pathological mechanisms behind Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a pressing need for novel multi-targeting therapeutic agents. Astaxanthin, natural compound with diverse biological effects, has emerged as potential candidate in neuronal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate neuroprotective effects astaxanthin scopolamine-induced rat model AD. In total, 36 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, including control group receiving normal saline, negative treated scopolamine (1 mg/kg), and two groups at doses 5 10 mg/kg. Additionally, pre-treated naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) or flumazenil (0.5 block opioid benzodiazepine receptors, respectively, followed by most effective dose (i.e., mg/kg). Treatments administered via intraperitoneal injection 14 consecutive days behavioral tests done. Biochemical analyses, zymography, Western blotting, histopathological examinations also performed. Astaxanthin treatment significantly improved cognitive function, enhanced plasma antioxidant capacity increasing catalase glutathione levels, reduced nitrite levels. It increased serum activity matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), while decreasing MMP-9, expression nuclear factor erythroid 2-related (Nrf-2) kappa B (NF-κB) hippocampal tissue. Histopathological findings indicated damage after administration. The aforementioned protective reversed flumazenil. demonstrates against AD through its neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, potentially involving interactions receptors.

Язык: Английский

Fabrication of N-acetylcysteine-loaded chitosan-cloaked polyphenol nanoparticles for treatment of pediatric pneumonia and acute lung injury

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 17, 2025

Язык: Английский