International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
33(5), С. 710 - 717
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2018
Objective
To
describe
the
prevalence
and
concordance
of
anticholinergic
exposure
according
to
9
published
scales,
quantify
relative
weight
drug
subtypes
included
in
each
scale,
identify
clinical
variables
related
exposure.
Methods
Observational
cross‐sectional
study
using
5323
cases
dementia
diagnosed
7
hospitals
public
health
care
system
Health
Region
Girona
(Spain)
between
2007
2014
registered
by
Registry
Dementias
(ReDeGi).
We
used
Pharmacy
database
that
includes
all
drugs
prescribed
specialist
primary
physicians
dispensed
pharmacies.
calculated
scoring
rules
scale.
Age,
gender,
place
residence,
subtype,
Clinical
Dementia
Rating
score,
Mini‐Mental
Status
Examination
Blessed
Score
at
moment
diagnose
were
retrieved
from
ReDeGi.
Results
Prevalence
annual
ranged
36.3%
69.0%
different
among
scales
was
poor
moderate,
central
nervous
accounted
most
for
Being
a
nursing
home,
having
depressive
symptoms,
non‐Alzheimer's
number
treatments,
severity
main
determinants
Conclusions
There
is
large
difference
outcomes
risk
scales.
Clinicians
researchers
should
be
aware
these
differences
when
instruments
patients
with
dementia.
Frontiers in Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
Background
Drugs
with
anticholinergic
properties
are
frequently
prescribed
to
patients
cognitive
impairment.
The
cholinergic
system
plays
an
important
role
in
learning
processes,
memory,
and
emotions
regulation.
aim
of
this
research
is
report
use
drugs
a
clinical
population
investigate
the
correlation
between
risk
presenting
more
severe
behavioral
psychological
symptoms
(BPSD).
Method
Patients
diagnosis
subjective
impairment,
mild
impairment
(MCI)
or
dementia
were
recruited.
Screening
tests
for
(MMSE)
functional
status
(ADL,
IADL)
performed.
BPSD
evaluated
Neuropsychiatric
Inventory
(NPI).
burden
was
calculated
using
ACB
calculator.
We
compared
at
low
adverse
effects
(ACB
<
3)
versus
high
≥
3).
Chi-square
test
Mann–Whitney
used
compare
two
groups.
A
multiple
linear
regression
performed
identify
factors
associated
higher
NPI
score
logistic
model
built
drug
classes
3.
Result
total
173
(mean
age
74
±
7,
men)
included
study;
132
3
(low
risk)
41
≥3
(high
compared.
No
statistically
significant
differences
found
groups
terms
demographics
(age,
sex)
anamnestic
variables
(education,
marital
status,
family
history
dementia,
hypertension,
diabetes,
smoking,
dyslipidemia,
atrial
fibrillation,
coronary
heart
disease
alcohol).
Significantly
scores
47.3
34.8
25.5
24.6,
p
0.001).
showed
lower
MMSE
(18.5
8.6
22.4
=
0.004)
IADLs
lost.
In
multivariate
analysis,
after
adjusting
age,
sex,
polypharmacy
lost,
only
independent
predictors
score.
Being
on
antipsychotics,
antidepressants
antidiabetic
increased
burden.
Conclusion
conclusion,
might
play
as
factor
developing
decline,
independently
from
their
degree
Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
6(2), С. 267 - 278
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2020
Problems
often
experienced
by
students
in
learning
physics
are
misconceptions
and
low
understanding
of
concepts.
One
solution
to
this
problem
is
apply
conflict
cognitive
learning.
The
purpose
study
was
analyze:
(1)
the
problems
that
lead
application
learning,
especially
(2)
stages
used,
(3)
effect
on
education
levels,
(4)
eye
lessons,
(5)
competencies.
This
uses
a
meta-analysis
method,
namely
analyzing
similar
scientific
article
documents.
sample
consisted
25
national
international
articles
published
2012-2020.
Data
analysis
used
size
equation,
percentage
techniques,
descriptive
analysis.
results
findings
indicate:
cause
be
applied
poor
concepts
misconceptions,
Learning
has
different
stages,
but
most
widely
consists
three
main
steps,
Cognitive
high
being
school,
influence
increasing
overcoming
physics.
indicates
good
conceptual
problems,
school.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
89(10), С. 1107 - 1115
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2018
Previous
studies
have
shown
associations
between
the
use
of
anticholinergics
(AC)
and
cognitive
performance
in
elderly,
considering
AC
as
a
homogeneous
set
drugs.
The
present
study
aims
to
assess
relationship
exposure
drugs
middle-aged
adults
according
potency
drug
class.Our
cross-sectional
used
baseline
data
34
267
participants
aged
45-70
from
Consultants
des
centres
d'examen
de
santé
la
sécurité
sociale
(CONSTANCES)
cohort.
cumulative
was
measured
using
national
reimbursement
databases
over
3-year
period
preceding
assessment
performance.
Eight
classes
were
differentiated.
Episodic
verbal
memory,
language
abilities
executive
functions
evaluated
by
validated
neuropsychological
tests.
Analyses
controlled
on
lifestyle
health
status
variables.This
showed
negative
association
overall
performances
after
adjustment.
with
possible
effect
Anticholinergic
Cognitive
Burden
scale
(ACB-1
score)
only
associated
functions.
across
antipsychotics
all
assessed.
Heterogeneous
found
for
anxiolytics,
opioids
targeting
gastrointestinal
tract
or
metabolism.
We
did
not
find
significant
antihistamines,
antidepressants,
cardiovascular
system
other
medications
function.Association
highly
heterogeneous
classes;
this
heterogeneity
will
be
considered
future
studies.
JDR Clinical & Translational Research,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
5(1), С. 62 - 70
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2019
Introduction:
Anticholinergic
burden
refers
to
the
cumulative
effect
of
taking
1
or
more
drugs
with
anticholinergic
properties.
At
moment,
little
is
known
about
association
between
and
dry
mouth.
Objectives:
The
objective
this
article
was
study,
whether
an
associated
mouth
among
middle-aged
people.
Methods:
study
population
included
1,345
people
aged
46
y
from
Northern
Finland
Birth
Cohort
1966
(NFBC1966)
who
took
part
in
a
clinical
medical
dental
examination
during
2012–2013.
Medication
data
comprised
both
self-reported
drug
use
information
obtained
national
register.
measured
using
10
different
scales.
Dry
defined
on
basis
having
either
subjective
feeling
(xerostomia)
objectively
low
unstimulated
stimulated
whole
salivary
flow
rates
(hyposalivation).
Poisson
regression
models
robust
error
variance
were
used
estimate
relative
risk
(RR).
Regression
adjusted
for
sex,
smoking,
diabetes,
rheumatoid
diseases,
depressive
symptoms,
anxiety,
total
number
drugs,
antihypertensive
drugs.
Results:
Approximately
14%
participants
reported
xerostomia
2%
had
hyposalivation.
RRs
scales
varied
1.05
1.68.
scales’
0.89
2.03
(<0.1
mL/min)
0.59
1.80
(<0.7
mL/min).
Seven
studied
statistically
significantly
mouth,
Conclusion:
Most
There
considerable
variation
strength
associations
Knowledge
Transfer
Statement:
findings
suggest
that
dentists
should
take
notice
properties
their
harmful
effects
Dentists
provide
these
patients
necessary
guidance
how
cope
give
them
prophylactic
measures
against
oral
diseases
