Gut microbiota modulation: a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer

Oncogene, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 39(26), С. 4925 - 4943

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2020

Abstract Research about the role of gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC) is a newly emerging field study. Gut microbiota modulation, with aim to reverse established microbial dysbiosis, novel strategy for prevention and treatment CRC. Different strategies including probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT) have been employed. Although these show promising results, mechanistically by correcting composition, modulating innate immune system, enhancing barrier function, preventing pathogen colonization exerting selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells, it should be noted that they are accompanied risks controversies can potentially introduce clinical complications. During bench-to-bedside translation, evaluation risk-and-benefit ratio, as well patient selection, carefully performed. In view individualized host response intervention, developing personalized therapy may key successful treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Shaping the Future of Probiotics and Prebiotics

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 29(8), С. 667 - 685

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2021

An expanding range of candidate probiotic species and prebiotic substrates is emerging to address newly elucidated data-driven microbial niches host targets.Overlapping with, adjacent to, the fields, new variants microbiome-modulating interventions are developing, including synbiotics, postbiotics, consortia, live biotherapeutic products, genetically modified organisms, with renewed interest in polyphenols, fibres, fermented foods.Personalised nutrition precision medicine beginning influence application probiotics prebiotics, growing modulation signatures health disease.Demand for prebiotics across divergent product formats driving innovation quality assurance techniques measure dose, viability, structural functional integrity. Recent ongoing developments microbiome science enabling frontiers research prebiotics. Novel types, mechanisms, applications currently under study have potential change scientific understanding as well nutritional healthcare these interventions. The expansion related fields microbiome-targeted interventions, an evolving landscape implementation regulatory, policy, prescriber, consumer spheres, portends era significant change. In this review we examine recent, emerging, anticipated trends science, create a vision broad areas developing field. Probiotics (see Glossary) received escalating attention recent years scientific, healthcare, public arenas. Publicity around has also broadened perception microorganisms, beyond disease-causing agents that should be avoided, more rational view integrating beneficial roles microorganisms human health. line advances, awareness acceptance continues expand [1.Chin-Lee B. et al.Patient experience use community-based care settings.Patient Prefer. Adhere. 2014; 8: 1513-1520PubMed Google Scholar], industry growth estimated at 7% annually [2.Jackson S.A. al.Improving end-user trust commercial products.Front. Microbiol. 2019; 10: 739Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) forecast 12.7% over next 8 [3.Mano M.C.R. al.Oligosaccharide biotechnology: approach revolution on industry.Appl. Biotechnol. 2018; 102: 17-37Crossref (40) Scholar]. While there general beneficial, still gap definitions terms 'probiotics' 'prebiotics', their benefits health, how they function, where find best sources food products Scholar,4.Viana J.V. al.Probiotic foods: attitudes.Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2008; 43: 1577-1580Crossref (30) Both increasingly incorporated into wide foods, beverages, topical (even toilet paper), some cases questionable or no validation any benefit host, requirement existing consensus definitions. field, both clearly established, International Scientific Association Prebiotics (ISAPP) having convened panels whereby experts reviewed published behind [5.Hill C. al.Expert document. statement scope appropriate term probiotic.Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 11: 506-514Crossref (2566) Scholar] [6.Gibson G.R. document: definition prebiotics.Nat. 2017; 14: 491-502Crossref (1252) conclusions highlighted play integral role status. Some key mechanisms been (Box 1) used variety states, prophylactically therapeutically.Box 1Mechanisms Action PrebioticsMechanisms action complex, diverse, heterogeneous, often strain- compound-specific. many described, remain calls increased understanding, especially structure–function explanations observed effects long-term influences [134.Kleerebezem M. al.Understanding mode can drive translational pipeline towards reliable probiotics.Curr. Opin. 56: 55-60Crossref (26) Scholar,152.Plaza-Diaz al.Mechanisms probiotics.Adv. Nutr. S49-S66Crossref (96) Scholar,153.Monteagudo-Mera A. al.Adhesion mediated by impact health.Appl. 103: 6463-6472Crossref (91) Scholar].Probiotics interact via molecular effectors present cell structure secreted metabolic products. Probiotic metabolites act microbiota crossfeeding interactions, changes gastrointestinal microenvironment (e.g., pH lowering), competition nutrients binding sites, inhibition production strain-specific antibacterial compounds bacteriocins [133.Lebeer S. al.Identification effector molecules: state future perspectives.Curr. 49: 217-223Crossref (90) Such microbiota-directed contribute ability mediate pathogen overgrowth states such vaginal oral dysbioses [153.Monteagudo-Mera Scholar].With regard cells, molecules directly receptors intestinal epithelial, enteroendocrine, immune cells vagal afferent fibres. These interactions produce local gut effects, enhancement barrier integrity inflammation Toll-like receptors), systemic immune, endocrine, nervous system mediators perform enzymatic metabolism bile salts ingested xenobiotics [152.Plaza-Diaz Specific surface-associated include pili, lipoteichoic acids, exopolysaccharides, various surface-layer proteins, which therefore delivery Scholar].Classical through consumption substrate specific groups within microbiota, promoting activity. Provision select group/s bacteria indirectly other bacterial – inhibitory displacement. Resulting composition metabolite concentrations from administration nervous, endocrine signalling improvements bowel response, glucose lipid metabolism, bone regulation appetite satiety Chief by-products SCFAs acetate, butyrate, propionate, recognised systems facilitate [10.Blaak E.E. al.Short chain fatty acids health.Benefic. Microbes. 2020; 411-455Crossref (3) Scholar].In addition nutritive microbes, receptors, modulating epithelial function [154.Brosseau al.Prebiotics: preventive allergy.Nutrients. 1841Crossref (6) Mechanisms With Classical Currently, multiple spheres acting (Figure 1). Broad technological advances data collection analytical tools exploration providing deeper insights host. Interest grow conditions, body population subgroups, formats. Furthermore, evolution regulatory frameworks, clinical guidelines influencing healthcare. As our knowledge each integrated shaping timely. Traditionally, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, lactic acid-producing (LAB) probiotics, primarily isolated dairy faecal microbiome. breadth its functions expanded, holds discovery approaches [7.Veiga P. al.Moving probiotics.Nat. 5: 878-880Crossref (5) taxa. Developments affordable complete genome sequencing powerful cultivation methods allowed isolation characterisation microbiomes opportunity developed next-generation [8.O'Toole P.W. al.Next-generation probiotics: spectrum biotherapeutics.Nat. 2: 17057Crossref (213) 2). Various bacteria, Roseburia intestinalis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium spp., Bacteroides spp. Akkermansia muciniphila, Scholar,9.Brodmann T. al.Safety novel microbes consumption: practical examples assessment European Union.Front. 1725Crossref (64) candidates represent proportion cultivable offer physiological not always conferred bifidobacteria bioactives Converting industrially viable presents challenges rich media anaerobic conditions adds cost complexity, investment determining optimal fermentation manufacturing processes time. Despite difficulties, muciniphila one promising candidates. Isolated 2004 [11.Derrien al.Akkermansia gen. nov., sp. mucin-degrading bacterium.Int. Syst. Evol. 2004; 54: 1469-1476Crossref (843) it tested preclinical animal models shown prevent development obesity, pasteurisation increasing stability efficacy species. Initial proof-of-concept studies taken place humans pasteurised safe improves several parameters [12.Depommier al.Supplementation overweight obese volunteers: exploratory study.Nat. Med. 25: 1096-1103Crossref (332) Live already market multispecies synbiotic preparation, containing inulin, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (Clostridium beijerinckii, Clostridium butyricum, Anaerobutyricum hallii) was improve levels type 2 diabetics [13.Perraudeau F. al.Improvements postprandial control subjects diabetes: multicenter, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial formulation.BMJ Open Diabetes Res. Care. 8e001319Crossref (1) will only source strains Niches strong species, targets intervention, female urogenital tract, cavity, nasopharyngeal skin [14.Maguire Maguire G. health.Arch. Dermatol. 309: 411-421Crossref (24) Scholar, 15.George V.T. al.The periodontal therapy.J. Int. Oral Heal. 2016; 404-408Google 16.Cribby al.Vaginal probiotics.Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis. 2008 (art. 256490)Crossref Species genera associated regions being investigated restore populations homeostasis disease states. Examples commensal isolate Staphylococcus hominis eczema atopic dermatitis [17.Nakatsuji al.Antimicrobials protect against aureus deficient dermatitis.Sci. Transl. 9eaah4680Crossref (362) Lactobacillus crispatus dysbiosis [18.Reid health.J. AOAC 2012; 95: 31-34Crossref (29) Fermented foods most common natural potentially LAB, benefits, reduced risk diabetes cardiovascular diseases [19.Marco M.L. al.Health beyond.Curr. 44: 94-102Crossref (363) putatively metabolomic profile [20.Taylor B.C. al.Consumption systematic differences metabolome.mSystems. 5e00901-19Crossref (13) likely major LAB [21.Pasolli E. al.Large-scale genome-wide analysis links acid microbiome.Nat. Commun. 2610Crossref show development. unfermented may fruits, vegetables, grains/cereals, dairy, meat fish honey, environmental soil [22.Zielińska D. Kolożyn-Krajewska Food-origin exhibit properties: Review.Biomed. 2018 5063185)Crossref core heartlands target therapy subfertility [23.García-Velasco J.A. al.What fertility specialists know about microbiome: review.Reprod. BioMed. Online. 35: 103-112Abstract Full Text PDF (28) liver [24.Meroni nonalcoholic disease: insight therapeutic strategies.Nutrients. 2642Crossref mood disorders [25.Dinan T.G. al.Psychobiotics: class psychotropic.Biol. Psychiatry. 2013; 74: 720-726Abstract (510) cognition [26.Dinan Cryan J.F. microbiome–gut–brain axis disease.Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. 46: 77-89Abstract [27.Seminario-Amez al.Probiotics health: A review.Med. Patol. Cir. Bucal. 22: e282-e288PubMed asthma [28.Spacova I. airway allergy: factors consider.Dis. Models Mech. 11dmm034314Crossref [29.Koutnikova H. al.Impact non-alcoholic variables: meta-analysis randomised controlled trials.BMJ Open. 9e017995Crossref (65) hypercholesterolaemia [30.Khare Gaur Cholesterol-lowering species.Curr. 77: 638-644Crossref (7) obesity [31.Brusaferro al.Is time treat obesity?.Nutrients. 1613Crossref (39) Significant emphasis placed investigating safety considered Many commonly exploited available generally recognized (GRAS) status USA belong qualified presumption (QPS) Safety Authority (EFSA), yet case history use. Submission GRAS, QPS, frameworks enable path commercialisation, pharmaceutical applications, example, category defined Drug Administration (FDA)i Directorate Quality Medicines [32.European Pharmacopoeia Commission 3053E General monograph products.Eur. Pharmacopoeia. (9.7)Google required [33.Rouanet al.Live road map assessment.Front. 7: 237Crossref comprising retrospective possible linked taxa considered, full sequence, antibiotic resistance genes, toxin transferrable genetic elements, virulence factors, proven models, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, Phase I–III trials. evidence fall current 2), albeit attracting attention. consortia network synergistic [34.Vázquez-Castellanos al.Design synthetic modulation.Curr. Pharmacol. 52-59Crossref (8) augment single-strain organisms definition, if characterised Adjacent postbiotics 1An updated expert panel ISAPP, press. fragments [35.Aguilar-Toalá al.Postbiotics:

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics Mechanism of Action on Immune Cells and Beneficial Effects on Human Health

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 184 - 184

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2023

Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with react to each other a stable environment order maintain healthy immune activities. system-microbiota cross-talk relies on complex network of pathways that sustain balance between tolerance immunogenicity. Probiotic bacteria can interact stimulate intestinal microflora modulate specific functions homeostasis. Growing evidence shows probiotic present important health-promoting immunomodulatory properties. Thus, use probiotics might represent promising approach for improving system So far, few studies have been reported beneficial modulatory effect probiotics. However, many others, which are mainly focused their metabolic/nutritional properties, published. Therefore, mechanisms behind interaction host only partially described. The review aims collect summarize most recent scientific results resulting implications how improve functions. Hence, description currently known is provided.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics Regulate Gut Microbiota: An Effective Method to Improve Immunity

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(19), С. 6076 - 6076

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2021

Probiotics are beneficial active microorganisms that colonize the human intestines and change composition of flora in particular parts host. Recently, use probiotics to regulate intestinal improve host immunity has received widespread attention. Recent evidence shown play significant roles gut microbiota composition, which can inhibit colonization pathogenic bacteria intestine, help build a healthy mucosa protective layer, enhance immune system. Based on close relationship between immunity, it become an extremely effective way by regulating microbiome with probiotics. In this review, we discussed influence probiotics, microbiota, life quality. We further emphasized regulation microflora through thereby enhancing improving people’s lives.

Язык: Английский

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Human milk oligosaccharides: Shaping the infant gut microbiota and supporting health

Journal of Functional Foods, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 72, С. 104074 - 104074

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2020

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are complex sugars which found in breast at significant concentrations and with unique structural diversity. These the fourth most abundant component of human after water, lipids, lactose yet provide no direct nutritional value to infant. Recent research has highlighted that HMOs have various functional roles play infant development. act as prebiotics by promoting growth beneficial intestinal bacteria thereby generating short-chain fatty acids critical for gut health. also directly modulate host-epithelial immune responses can selectively reduce binding pathogenic viruses epithelium preventing emergence a disease. This review covers current knowledge related biology their associated impact on

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics in Medicine: A Long Debate

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020

During the last years probiotics gained attention of clinicians for their use in prevention and treatment multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms action include enhanced mucosal barrier function, direct antagonism with pathogens, inhibition bacterial adherence invasion capacity, boosting immune system regulation central nervous system. It is accepted that there a mutual communication between liver, so-called “microbiota-gut-liver axis” as well reciprocal intestinal microbiota through “microbiota-gut-brain axis”. Moreover, recently gut–lung axis viral infections considerably discussed amplifies alveolar macrophage activity having protective role host defense against pneumonia. The importance normal human recognized preservation health. Disease states such as, infections, autoimmune conditions, allergy other are occurring when balance disturbed. seems to be promising approach prevent even reduce symptoms these clinical an adjuvant therapy by preserving improving present review globally all different disorders which were given. Stronger data favor provided gastrointestinal disorders, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, respiratory infections. We discuss hereby reduction focus on possibility used therapeutic pandemic COVID-19.Nevertheless, it scientific community more studies should undertaken large samples diseased populations so assessment potential provide us strong evidence efficacy safety use.

Язык: Английский

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Short-chain fatty acids in diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2023

Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in gastrointestinal tract. The absorption SCFAs is mediated substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number studies have implicated microorganisms crucial executors diet-based microbial influence on host. important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent a major carbon flux from diet, that decomposed gut microbiota. play vital role multiple molecular biological processes, promoting secretion glucagon-like peptide-1 IECs to inhibit elevation blood glucose, expression G protein-coupled receptors GPR41 GPR43, inhibiting histone deacetylases, participate regulation proliferation, differentiation, function IECs. affect motility, barrier function, host Furthermore, regulatory roles local, intermediate, peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, butyrate SCFAs, they involved immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, lipid Herein, we review diverse functional this class reflect their ability intestine, metabolic, other diseases.

Язык: Английский

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In Vitro Evaluation of Adhesion Capacity, Hydrophobicity, and Auto-Aggregation of Newly Isolated Potential Probiotic Strains

Fermentation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 5(4), С. 100 - 100

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2019

We isolated several strains of human and animal origin, focusing on the genera Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium. Samples cow colostrum, feces saliva calves piglets, infant were acquired, bacterial identified, twenty lactobacilli bifidobacteria shortlisted for further in vitro analysis adhesion capacity to cells, surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation. Adhesion was evaluated using a mixture Caco-2 HT-29-MTX cells hydrophobicity measured microbial hydrocarbon method. reuteri most frequently species, followed by L. casei subsp. paracasei gasseri; all from feces. Bifidobacteria represented species B. longum (infant feces), thermophilum pseudolongum (calves, piglets). All showed good capacities mixed cell culture (17.7–37.2%), particularly, isolates K7 K14 (37.2% 35.5%, respectively). In auto-aggregation assays, strain-specific differences irrespective origin or taxonomic group observed. Hydrophobicity values varied considerably (from 6.1% 87.4%), whereas ability ranged 21.7% 69.7%. No relation observed between capacity; instead, apparently related with adhesion.

Язык: Английский

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Current status of probiotic and related health benefits

Applied Food Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(2), С. 100185 - 100185

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Modulatory Effects of Probiotics During Pathogenic Infections With Emphasis on Immune Regulation

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2021

In order to inhibit pathogenic complications and enhance animal poultry growth, antibiotics have been extensively used for many years. Antibiotics applications not only affect target pathogens but also intestinal beneficially microbes, inducing long-lasting changes in microbiota associated with diseases. The application of has other side effects like, barrier dysfunction, residues foodstuffs, nephropathy, allergy, bone marrow toxicity, mutagenicity, reproductive disorders, hepatotoxicity carcinogenicity, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which greatly compromise the efficacy antibiotics. Thus, development new is necessary, while search antibiotic alternatives continues. Probiotics are considered ideal substitute; recent years, probiotic research concerning their during infections humans, aquaculture, poultry, livestock industry, emphasis on modulating immune system host, attracting considerable interest. Hence, adverse remedial probiotics infectious diseases become central points focus among researchers. live microorganisms, when given adequate quantities, confer good health host through different mechanisms. Among them, regulation response one most important A number studies investigated aspects probiotics. this review, we mainly summarize discoveries discuss two aspects: (1) infections; (2) modulatory non-infectious

Язык: Английский

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