Global genetic diversity status and trends: towards a suite of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) for genetic composition

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(4), С. 1511 - 1538

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022

Biodiversity underlies ecosystem resilience, function, sustainable economies, and human well-being. Understanding how biodiversity sustains ecosystems under anthropogenic stressors global environmental change will require new ways of deriving applying data. A major challenge is that data knowledge are scattered, biased, collected with numerous methods, stored in inconsistent ways. The Group on Earth Observations Observation Network (GEO BON) has developed the Essential Variables (EBVs) as fundamental metrics to help aggregate, harmonize, interpret observation from diverse sources. Mapping analyzing EBVs can evaluate aspects distributed geographically they over time. also intended serve inputs validation forecast status trends biodiversity, support policy decision making. Here, we assess feasibility implementing Genetic Composition (Genetic EBVs), which within-species genetic variation. We review bring together areas field genetics each contributes regional monitoring respect theory, sampling logistics, metadata, archiving, aggregation, modeling, technological advances. propose four EBVs: (i) Diversity; (ii) Differentiation; (iii) Inbreeding; (iv) Effective Population Size (Ne ). rank according their relevance, sensitivity change, generalizability, scalability, availability. outline workflow for generating underlying EBVs, advances needs archiving composition metadata. discuss be operationalized by visualizing space time across species forecasting beyond current observations using various modeling approaches. Our then explores challenges standardization, costs operationalizing well future directions opportunities maximize uptake globally research policy. collection, annotation, availability made past decade, practical standardized framework large-scale reporting. Rapid DNA sequencing technology present opportunities, but regionally globally. With these advances, starting integrated into conservation policy, foundation all species' long-term persistence face change. conclude a summary concrete steps researchers makers advancing operationalization EBVs. technical analytical foundations developed, practitioners should anticipate increasing application efforts emerge scale up

Язык: Английский

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Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism marker in plant genome analysis: current status and prospects

Planta, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 257(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Plant Genetic Diversity Studies: Insights from DNA Marker Analyses

International Journal of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(3), С. 607 - 640

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

The plant adaptation response to a changing environment depends on the genetic diversity level it possesses. Genetic and thorough understanding of population indices are pivotal for decoding dynamic environmental stressors. development polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular markers enables comprehensive analyses precise detection individuals groups with unique variations. Various have been employed assess diversity, examine structure, delineate cluster patterns within among populations. DNA revolutionize studies by allowing detailed variations, including economically significant trait-influencing genes. Despite their simplicity, they offer high reproducibility, ensuring accurate estimations variation. Integrating multiple marker systems advanced high-throughput sequencing techniques is poised enhance management depleting resources providing picture at genome-wide level. This review explores diverse markers, elucidating advantages limitations, highlights impact evaluating structure plants.

Язык: Английский

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Advancements in molecular marker technologies and their applications in diversity studies

Journal of Biosciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 45(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Photogrammetry as a New Scientific Tool in Archaeology: Worldwide Research Trends

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(9), С. 5319 - 5319

Опубликована: Май 10, 2021

Archaeology has made significant advances in the last 20 years. This can be seen by remarkable increase specialised literature on all archaeology-related disciplines. These have it a science with links to many other sciences, both field of experimental sciences and use techniques from disciplines such as engineering. Within this issue is important highlight great advance that photogrammetry brought for archaeology. In research, through systematic study bibliometric techniques, main institutions countries are carrying them out interests scientific community archaeology related been identified. The observed since 2010, especially contribution UAVs reduced cost photogrammetric flights areas. lines research applied close-range photogrammetry, aerial (UAV), cultural heritage, excavation, cameras, GPS, laser scan, virtual reconstruction including 3D printing.

Язык: Английский

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Breeding and biotechnological interventions for trait improvement: status and prospects

Planta, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 252(4)

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2020

Present review describes the molecular tools and strategies deployed in trait discovery improvement of major crops. The prospects challenges associated with these approaches are discussed. Crop relies on modulating genes genomic regions underlying key traits, either directly or indirectly. Direct include overexpression, RNA interference, genome editing, etc., while breeding majorly constitutes indirect approach. With advent latest technologies, could hasten crop species. Next-generation sequencing, high-throughput genotyping, precision use space technology for accelerated growth, etc. had provided a new dimension to programmes that work towards delivering better varieties cope up challenges. Also, studies have widened from understanding response plants single stress combined stress, which provides insights into mechanisms regulating tolerance more than one at given point time. Altogether, next-generation genetics genomics made tremendous progress improved varieties; however, scope still exists expand its horizon other species remain underutilized. In this context, present systematically analyses different serve as roadmap executing similar application, pros, cons, each approach been discussed examples, altogether, comprehensive coverage advances meet ever-growing demands agricultural produce.

Язык: Английский

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Closing the gap between phenotyping and genotyping: review of advanced, image-based phenotyping technologies in forestry

Annals of Forest Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 79(1)

Опубликована: Май 9, 2022

Abstract Key message The lack of efficient phenotyping capacities has been recognized as a bottleneck in forestry and breeding. Modern technologies use systems equipped with various imaging sensors to automatically collect high volume phenotypic data that can be used assess trees' attributes. Context Efficient the potential spark new Green Revolution, it would provide an opportunity acquire growth parameters dissect genetic bases quantitative traits. Phenotyping platforms aim link information from several sources derive knowledge about Aims Various tree techniques were reviewed analyzed along their different applications. Methods This article presents definition characteristics forest reviews newly developed imaging-based practices phenotyping. Results review addressed wide range trees applications, including survey actual inter- intra-specific variability, evaluating genotypes species response biotic abiotic stresses, phenological measurements. Conclusion With support advanced platforms, efficiency traits breeding programs is accelerated.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular markers in tea plant (Camellia sinensis): Applications to evolution, genetic identification, and molecular breeding

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 198, С. 107704 - 107704

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Eustress with H2O2 Facilitates Plant Growth by Improving Tolerance to Salt Stress in Two Wheat Cultivars

Plants, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8(9), С. 303 - 303

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2019

In this study, the positive role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment in mitigating adverse impacts seawater stress has been evaluated two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, namely Gemmiza 11 as a salt-sensitive and Misr 1 salt-tolerant cultivar, with contrasting phenotypes response to salinity stress. Under normal conditions, seeds eustress H2O2 have shown significant effects on improvement plant growth parameters, such dry weight root shoot lengths. salt reduction damage physiological parameters compared kept un-primed both cultivars. addition, induced an increment pigments content, proline level mineral uptake (K+, Ca2+ Mg2+). Moreover, decrement Na+ content plants that subsequently reduced lipid peroxidation. Seawater increased activity antioxidant system based catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) ascorbate (APX) except POD 11. Similarly, application further enhanced stressed enhancement parameters. Results inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers clear differentiation among treatments provided strong evidence support hypothesis proposed study improves seed tolerance enhances under

Язык: Английский

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The Higher Education Sustainability through Virtual Laboratories: The Spanish University as Case of Study

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10(11), С. 4040 - 4040

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2018

Education has been integrated into the globalization process supported by technological advances such as e-learning. The sustainability of universities is one key points university survival, and they strongly depend on number students that can enroll in them. Thus, many educational institutions have had to develop their curricula based use new technologies. Without a doubt, virtual laboratories are latest technology this regard. objective work determine which main research trends relation laboratories. methodology followed was perform bibliometric analysis whole scientific production indexed Scopus. world’s analysed following domains: first trend over time, types publications countries, second subjects keywords, third topics, fourth journals proceedings publish topic. After that, case study detailed representative country (Spain). most productive institution field, Universidad de Educación Distancia (UNED). If ranking established average citations per published paper, three from USA: Massachusetts Institute Technology (MIT), University Washington (Seattle), Carnegie Mellon University. categories at world level similar. First, there field engineering computer science above all it highlights wide spectrum branches knowledge topic published, indicates great acceptance teaching fields education. Finally, community detection applied six clusters found: Virtual Reality, Users, E-learning, Programming, Automatic-robotics, Computer Simulation Engineering Education. As conclusion, bibliographic confirms very active where productivity exponentially increased recent years tandem with growth. Therefore, expectations high for near future. possibility opens up perspectives higher education sustainability, policies countries could be reoriented.

Язык: Английский

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