Linking Structure and Function in Macroscale Brain Networks

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 24(4), С. 302 - 315

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2020

The emergence of network neuroscience allows researchers to quantify the link between organizational features neuronal networks and spectrum cortical functions.Current models indicate that structure function are significantly correlated, but correspondence is not perfect because reflects complex multisynaptic interactions in structural networks.Function cannot be directly estimated from structure, must inferred by higher-order interactions. Statistical, communication, biophysical have been used translate brain function.Structure–function coupling regionally heterogeneous follows molecular, cytoarchitectonic, functional hierarchies. Structure–function relationships a fundamental principle many naturally occurring systems. However, research suggests there an imperfect connectivity brain. Here, we synthesize current state knowledge linking macroscale discuss different types assess this relationship. We argue do include requisite biological detail completely predict function. Structural reconstructions enriched with local molecular cellular metadata, concert more nuanced representations functions properties, hold great potential for truly multiscale understanding structure–function relationship central concept natural sciences engineering. Consider how conformation protein determines its chemical properties and, ultimately, folding into 3D promotes among amino acids, allowing chemically interact other molecules endowing it Conversely, disruption protein's results loss Tellingly, said denatured, highlighting idea changing has fundamentally altered nervous system analogously shaped arrangement neurons populations. synaptic projections forms hierarchy (see Glossary) nested increasingly polyfunctional neural circuits support perception, cognition, action. Modern imaging technology permits high-throughput reconstruction across spatiotemporal scales species (Box 1). 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Язык: Английский

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Interpreting and Utilising Intersubject Variability in Brain Function

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 22(6), С. 517 - 530

Опубликована: Март 30, 2018

A wealth of scientifically and clinically relevant information is hidden, potentially invalidated, when data are averaged across subjects. There growing interest in using neuroimaging to explain differences human abilities disabilities. Progress this endeavour requires us treat intersubject variability as rather than noise. Our plastic noisy brains intrinsically change the parameterisation each individual's brain, providing a rich opportunity understand brain function. Normal can be used decode different neural pathways that sustain same task (degeneracy). This paramount importance for understanding why patients have variable outcomes after damage seemingly similar regions. We consider between-subject variance function describe natural output system (the brain) where subject embodies particular system. In context, becomes an to: (i) better characterise typical versus atypical functions; (ii) reveal cognitive strategies processing networks tasks; (iii) predict recovery capacity by taking into account both damaged spared pathways. has many ramifications individual learning preferences explaining wide Understanding boosts translational potential findings, clinical educational neuroscience. No two identical, with anatomy emerging from how genetically built shaped its intimate interaction environment. Most functional imaging studies discount establish subjects typically execute given task, assumption activations spatially temporally Methods measuring mainly focused on developing models normal (i.e., norms) allow abnormality quantified patient populations. quantification norms relies reductionist framework aims collapse dimension focus significant common overlapping) or mean effects (Box 1). 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Язык: Английский

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Consciousness-specific dynamic interactions of brain integration and functional diversity

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2019

Prominent theories of consciousness emphasise different aspects neurobiology, such as the integration and diversity information processing within brain. Here, we combine graph theory dynamic functional connectivity to compare resting-state MRI data from awake volunteers, propofol-anaesthetised patients with disorders consciousness, in order identify consciousness-specific patterns brain function. We demonstrate that cortical networks are especially affected by loss during temporal states high integration, exhibiting reduced compromised informational capacity, whereas thalamo-cortical disconnections emerge higher segregation. Spatially, posterior regions brain's default mode network exhibit reductions both rest unconsciousness. These results show human relies on spatio-temporal interactions between diversity, whose breakdown may represent a generalisable biomarker potential relevance for clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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LSD alters dynamic integration and segregation in the human brain

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 227, С. 117653 - 117653

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2020

Investigating changes in brain function induced by mind-altering substances such as LSD is a powerful method for interrogating and understanding how mind interfaces with brain, connecting novel psychological phenomena their neurobiological correlates. known to increase measures of complexity, potentially reflecting correlate the especially rich phenomenological content psychedelic-induced experiences. Yet although subjective stream consciousness constant ebb flow, no studies date have investigated influences dynamics functional connectivity human brain. Focusing on two fundamental network properties integration segregation, here we combined graph theory dynamic from resting-state MRI examine time-resolved effects networks Our main finding that experience are non-uniform time: makes globally segregated sub-states more complex, weakens relationship between anatomical connectivity. On regional level, reduces anterior medial prefrontal cortex, specifically during states high segregation. Time-specific were correlated different aspects experiences; particular, ego dissolution was predicted increased small-world organisation state global integration. These results reveal nuanced, temporally-specific picture altered complexity under psychedelics than has previously been reported.

Язык: Английский

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Local structure-function relationships in human brain networks across the lifespan

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2022

Abstract A growing number of studies have used stylized network models communication to predict brain function from structure. Most focused on a small set applied globally. Here, we compare large at both global and regional levels. We find that globally most predictors perform poorly. At the level, performance improves but heterogeneously, in terms variance explained optimal model. Next, expose synergies among by using pairs jointly FC. Finally, assess age-related differences coupling across human lifespan. decreases magnitude structure-function with age. these are driven reduced sensorimotor regions, while higher-order cognitive systems preserve local Our results describe patterns cortex how this may change

Язык: Английский

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Distributed harmonic patterns of structure-function dependence orchestrate human consciousness

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023

Abstract A central question in neuroscience is how consciousness arises from the dynamic interplay of brain structure and function. Here we decompose functional MRI signals pathological pharmacologically-induced perturbations into distributed patterns structure-function dependence across scales: harmonic modes human structural connectome. We show that coupling a generalisable indicator under bi-directional neuromodulatory control. find increased scales during loss consciousness, whether due to anaesthesia or injury, capable discriminating between behaviourally indistinguishable sub-categories brain-injured patients, tracking presence covert consciousness. The opposite signature characterises altered state induced by LSD ketamine, reflecting psychedelic-induced decoupling function correlating with physiological subjective scores. Overall, connectome decomposition reveals neuromodulation network architecture jointly shape activation scales.

Язык: Английский

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Controversies and progress on standardization of large-scale brain network nomenclature

Network Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(3), С. 864 - 905

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Progress in scientific disciplines is accompanied by standardization of terminology. Network neuroscience, at the level macroscale organization brain, beginning to confront challenges associated with developing a taxonomy its fundamental explanatory constructs. The Workgroup for HArmonized Taxonomy NETworks (WHATNET) was formed 2020 as an Organization Human Brain Mapping (OHBM)-endorsed best practices committee provide recommendations on points consensus, identify open questions, and highlight areas ongoing debate service moving field toward standardized reporting network neuroscience results. conducted survey catalog current large-scale brain nomenclature. A few well-known names (e.g., default mode network) dominated responses survey, number illuminating disagreement emerged. We summarize results initial considerations from workgroup. This perspective piece includes selective review this enterprise, including (1) scale, resolution, hierarchies; (2) interindividual variability networks; (3) dynamics nonstationarity (4) consideration affiliations subcortical structures; (5) multimodal information. close minimal guidelines cognitive communities adopt.

Язык: Английский

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Applications of generative adversarial networks in neuroimaging and clinical neuroscience

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 269, С. 119898 - 119898

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one powerful type of deep learning models that have been successfully utilized in numerous fields. They belong to a broader family called generative methods, which generate new data with probabilistic model by sample distribution from real examples. In the clinical context, GANs shown enhanced capabilities capturing spatially complex, nonlinear, and potentially subtle disease effects compared traditional methods. This review appraises existing literature on applications imaging studies various neurological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, brain tumors, aging, multiple sclerosis. We provide an intuitive explanation GAN methods for each application further discuss main challenges, open questions, promising future directions leveraging neuroimaging. aim bridge gap between advanced neurology research highlighting how can be leveraged support decision making contribute better understanding structural functional patterns diseases.

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review on the quantitative relationship between structural and functional network connectivity strength in mammalian brains

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 39(2), С. 189 - 209

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2018

The mammalian brain is composed of densely connected and interacting regions, which form structural functional networks. An improved understanding the structure–function relation crucial to understand underpinnings function plasticity after injury. It currently unclear how connectivity strength relates strength. We obtained an overview recent papers that report on correspondences between quantitative measures in brain. included network studies was measured with resting-state fMRI, either diffusion-weighted MRI or neuronal tract tracers. Twenty-seven 28 showed a positive relationship. Large inter-study variations were found comparing diffusion-based (correlation coefficient (r) ranges: 0.18–0.82) tracer-based (r = 0.24–0.74). Two datasets demonstrated lower correlations 0.22 r 0.30) than 0.49 0.65). robust relationship supports hypothesis provides hardware from emerges. However, methodological differences complicate comparison across studies, emphasize need for validation standardization studies.

Язык: Английский

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Connectome analysis of functional and structural hemispheric brain networks in major depressive disorder

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2019

Abstract Neuroimaging studies have shown topological disruptions of both functional and structural whole-brain networks in major depressive disorder (MDD). This study examined common specific alterations between these two types whether the were differentially involved hemispheres. Multimodal MRI data collected from 35 MDD patients healthy controls, whose hemispheric constructed, characterized, compared. We found that brain profoundly altered at multiple levels, while largely intact with MDD. Specifically, included decreases intra-hemispheric (left right) inter-hemispheric (heterotopic) connectivity; local, global normalized efficiency for networks; increases local left integration communication dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus hippocampus. Regarding asymmetry, similar patterns observed networks: right hemisphere was over-connected more efficient than globally; occipital partial regions exhibited leftward temporal sites showed rightward lateralization regard to regional connectivity profiles locally. Finally, functional–structural coupling connections significantly decreased correlated disease severity patients. Overall, this demonstrates modality- hemisphere-dependent invariant network MDD, which are helpful understanding elaborate characteristic integrative dysfunction disease.

Язык: Английский

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