Advanced technology in neuroscience .,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
1(2), С. 143 - 165
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
We
are
in
the
midst
of
a
revolution
fields
neuroanatomy
and
electron
microscopy.
The
monumental
advancements
neuroscience
field
during
last
decade
have
led
to
unprecedented
scientific
discoveries
about
our
brain
development
new
technologies
applications
that
significantly
contributed
such
advances.
Conventional
transmission
microscopy
revolutionized
neurosciences
critical
for
determining
fine
morpho-functional
characterization
cells
their
connections.
Electron
has
progressively
evolved
toward
both
more
sensitive
approaches
unravel
bidimensional
subcellular
localization
proteins
tools
allow
three-dimensional
different
nerve
technological
advances
two-
study
map
essential
decipher
complexity
brain.
For
two-dimensional,
sodium
dodecyl
sulfate-digested
freeze-fracture
replica
labeling
technique
is
with
main
goal
chemically
identifying
structural
components
viewed
replicas
significant
advantages
over
conventional
immunoelectron
microscopic
techniques
revealing
organization
along
neuronal
surface
three-dimensional,
volume
methods
can
be
applied
studies
cell
organelles,
just
as
been
traditionally
applied,
but
derived
from
possibility
visualization
analysis.
greatly
facilitated
structure
connectivity
at
synaptic
level.
Dedicated
software
analysis
highly
complex
patterns
three
dimension
evolving
parallel,
allowing
extraction
relevant
information
large
datasets.
Moreover,
by
applying
these
methodologies,
pathology
expected
advance,
potentially
identification
pathogenesis
generating
diseases.
This
review
aims
present
possibilities
fundamentals
high-resolution
ultrastructural
analyses
neurons
These
improved
ability
brain,
thus
providing
insights
into
function.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Май 20, 2024
Abstract
Tumor
biomarkers,
the
substances
which
are
produced
by
tumors
or
body’s
responses
to
during
tumorigenesis
and
progression,
have
been
demonstrated
possess
critical
encouraging
value
in
screening
early
diagnosis,
prognosis
prediction,
recurrence
detection,
therapeutic
efficacy
monitoring
of
cancers.
Over
past
decades,
continuous
progress
has
made
exploring
discovering
novel,
sensitive,
specific,
accurate
tumor
significantly
promoted
personalized
medicine
improved
outcomes
cancer
patients,
especially
advances
molecular
biology
technologies
developed
for
detection
biomarkers.
Herein,
we
summarize
discovery
development
including
history
conventional
innovative
used
biomarker
classification
biomarkers
based
on
tissue
origins,
application
clinical
management.
In
particular,
highlight
recent
advancements
biomarker-based
anticancer-targeted
therapies
emerging
as
breakthroughs
promising
strategies.
We
also
discuss
limitations
challenges
that
need
be
addressed
provide
insights
perspectives
turn
into
opportunities
this
field.
Collectively,
multiple
emphasized
review
may
guidance
precision
medicine,
broaden
horizons
future
research
directions,
expedite
patients
according
their
rather
than
organs
origin.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(5), С. 2634 - 2634
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025
The
analysis
of
gunshot
residues
(GSRs)
is
a
critical
component
criminal
investigations,
linking
suspects
to
firearms
or
shooting
incidents.
Among
the
various
analytical
techniques
employed,
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM)
has
emerged
as
valuable
tool
due
its
ability
provide
high-resolution
imaging
and
detailed
elemental
composition
GSR
particles.
Recent
technological
advancements
have
significantly
enhanced
effectiveness
SEM
in
analysis,
incorporating
improved
detectors
software
that
facilitate
more
accurate
detection
characterization
To
ensure
reliability
SEM-based
it
essential
adhere
established
methodologies
for
sample
collection
preparation,
well
implement
best
practices
data
interpretation
within
forensic
context.
Through
narrative
review,
this
paper
aims
explore
application
elucidate
methodological
approaches
underpin
effective
highlight
advantages
limitations
SEM,
thereby
addressing
ongoing
challenges
opportunities
field.
Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2025
ABSTRACT
Background
and
Aims
Serial
block
face
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SBF‐SEM)
enables
automated
3D
imaging
of
specimens
with
ultrastructural
resolution.
However,
its
application
is
often
restricted
due
to
the
complex
labor‐intensive
nature
processes
involved.
This
study
addresses
challenges
associated
sample
preparation
final
reconstruction
for
analysis
peripheral
nerves
dorsal
root
ganglia
(DRG)
specimens.
Methods
Specimens
from
caudal
nerve
DRG
mice
were
prepared
SBF‐SEM
using
three
different
techniques:
(1)
manual
high
molecular
weight
staining,
regarded
as
gold
standard,
(2)
standard
transmission
(TEM)
preparation,
(3)
uranyl‐free
en
bloc
preparation.
The
acquired
data
processed
by
combining
software
programs
image
rendering.
Results
Upon
analyzing
all
samples,
method
demonstrated
superiority.
Nonetheless,
two
alternative
methods
produced
high‐quality
images
nerve.
Consequently,
rendering
was
successfully
achieved
samples
an
approach.
investigation
posed
greater
TEM
low
contrast
smaller
organelles
compared
cytosol,
whereas
protocol
provided
significantly
improved
contrast.
Interpretation
Our
findings
indicate
that
staining
can
effectively
compete
traditional
uranyl‐based
methods,
albeit
some
limitations.
Furthermore,
attainable,
especially
in
nerves,
via
method,
thereby
facilitating
previously
embedded
even
if
they
not
specifically
examination.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(9), С. 4057 - 4057
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025
Absolute
cross
sections
(ACSs)
are
needed
to
estimate
cellular
damage
induced
by
high-energy
radiation
(HER).
Low-energy
electrons
(LEEs),
which
the
most
numerous
secondary
particles
generated
HER,
can
trigger
hyperthermal
reactions
in
DNA.
ACSs
for
such
essential
input
parameters
calculate
radiobiological
effectiveness,
particularly
targeted
radiotherapy.
Using
a
mathematical
model,
we
generate
from
effective
yields
LEE
impact
on
3197
base-pair
plasmid
DNA
films.
Direct
or
enzyme-revealed
conformational
damages,
quantified
electrophoresis,
provide
first
complete
set
of
inducing
crosslinks,
double-strand
breaks
(DSBs),
single-strand
breaks,
base-damage-related
non-DSB
clustered
damages
(NDCDs),
and
isolated
base
damages.
These
across
1–20
eV
range,
at
one
intervals.
They
exhibit
strong
energy
dependence
with
maximum
values
10
3.7
±
0.8,
3.5
0.6,
45.4
4.1,
2.9
1.1,
5.1
1.4,
54.0
16.4
×
10−15
cm2,
respectively.
DSBs,
NDCDs,
crosslinks
clearly
indicate
that
lesions
threatening
cell
function
genetic
stability
be
single
LEE.
At
5
eV,
total
63%
80%
larger,
respectively,
than
those
previously
determined
same
plasmids
bound
arginine,
constituent
histones
protecting
Journal of Materials Chemistry B,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Comprehensively
acquiring
biological
tissue
information
is
pivotal
for
advancing
our
understanding
of
systems,
elucidating
disease
mechanisms,
and
developing
innovative
clinical
strategies.
