Population genomics for wildlife conservation and management

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(1), С. 62 - 82

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2020

Biodiversity is under threat worldwide. Over the past decade, field of population genomics has developed across nonmodel organisms, and results this research have begun to be applied in conservation management wildlife species. Genomics tools can provide precise estimates basic features populations, such as effective size, inbreeding, demographic history structure, that are critical for efforts. Moreover, studies identify particular genetic loci variants responsible inbreeding depression or adaptation changing environments, allowing efforts estimate capacity populations evolve adapt response environmental change manage adaptive variation. While connections from been slow develop, these increasingly strengthening. Here we review primary areas which approaches management, highlight examples how they used, recommendations building on progress made field.

Язык: Английский

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Conservation and the Genomics of Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2022

Abstract Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing world today. Conservation and Genomics Populations gives a comprehensive overview essential background, concepts, tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used conserve species threatened with extinction, manage ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, computer programs, principles, methods are becoming increasingly useful in conservation biological diversity. Using balance data theory, coupled basic applied research examples, this book examines phenotypic variation natural populations, principles mechanisms evolutionary change, interpretation from these conservation. The includes examples plants, animals, microbes wild captive populations. This third edition has been thoroughly revised include advances genomics contains new chapters on population genomics, monitoring, genetics practice, as well sections climate emerging diseases, metagenomics, more. More than one-third references were published after previous edition. Each 24 Appendix end Guest Box written by an expert who provides example presented chapter their own work. for advanced undergraduate graduate students genetics, resource management, biology, professional biologists policy-makers working wildlife habitat management agencies. Much will also interest nonprofessionals curious about role

Язык: Английский

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The importance of genomic variation for biodiversity, ecosystems and people

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 22(2), С. 89 - 105

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2020

Язык: Английский

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New developments in the field of genomic technologies and their relevance to conservation management

Conservation Genetics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(2), С. 217 - 242

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2021

Abstract Recent technological advances in the field of genomics offer conservation managers and practitioners new tools to explore for applications. Many these are well developed used by other life science fields, while others still development. Considering possibilities, choosing right tool(s) from toolbox is crucial can pose a challenging task. With this mind, we strive inspire, inform illuminate on how efforts benefit current genomic biotechnological revolution. inspirational case studies show technologies help resolve some main challenges, also informing implementable different are. We here focus specifically small population management, highlight potential genetic rescue, discuss opportunities gene editing with adaptation changing environments. In addition, delineate applications drives controlling invasive species. that offers added efforts, but comes limitations use novel emerging techniques.

Язык: Английский

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A homing suppression gene drive with multiplexed gRNAs maintains high drive conversion efficiency and avoids functional resistance alleles

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6)

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2022

Abstract Gene drives are engineered alleles that can bias inheritance in their favor, allowing them to spread throughout a population. They could potentially be used modify or suppress pest populations, such as mosquitoes diseases. CRISPR/Cas9 homing drives, which copy themselves by homology-directed repair drive/wild-type heterozygotes, powerful form of gene drive, but they vulnerable resistance preserve the function target gene. Such prevent successful population suppression. Here, we constructed suppression drive Drosophila melanogaster utilized multiplexed gRNAs inhibit formation functional its female fertility The selected gRNA sites were close together, preventing reduction conversion efficiency. construct reached moderate equilibrium frequency cage populations without apparent alleles. However, fitness cost prevented elimination population, showing importance using highly efficient strategy, even if addressed. Nevertheless, our results experimentally demonstrate viability strategy drives.

Язык: Английский

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Gene Drive Dynamics in Natural Populations: The Importance of Density Dependence, Space, and Sex

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 51(1), С. 505 - 531

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2020

The spread of synthetic gene drives is often discussed in the context panmictic populations connected by flow and described with simple deterministic models. Under such assumptions, an entire species could be altered releasing a single individual carrying invasive drive, as standard homing drive. While this remains theoretical possibility, drive natural more complex merits realistic assessment. fate any released population would inextricably linked to ecology population. Given uncertainty involved ecological assessment populations, understanding sensitivity important factors critical. Here we review how different forms density-dependence, spatial heterogeneity mating behaviors can impact self-sustaining drives. We highlight specific aspects dynamics target that need further research.

Язык: Английский

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How do we overcome abrupt degradation of marine ecosystems and meet the challenge of heat waves and climate extremes?

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 26(2), С. 343 - 354

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2019

Abstract Extreme heat wave events are now causing ecosystem degradation across marine ecosystems. The consequences of this heat‐induced damage range from the rapid loss habitat‐forming organisms, through to a reduction in services that ecosystems support, and ultimately impacts on human health society. How we tackle sudden emergence ecosystem‐wide has not yet been addressed context waves. An examination recent waves around Australia points potential important role respite or refuge environmental extremes can play enabling organismal survival. However, most ecological interventions being devised with target mid late‐century implementation, at which time many ecosystems, targeted towards, will have already undergone repeated widespread induced degradation. Here, our assessment merits proposed interventions, spectrum approaches, counter extremes, reveals lack preparedness effects extreme conditions influence these projected continue impact coming years, long before be developed. Our approaches technologically ready likely socially acceptable locally deployable only, whereas those scalable—for example features as large major reef systems—are close testable, unlikely obtain social licence for deployment. Knowledge timescales survival via refuge, inferred field observations help test such intervention tools. growing frequency increases urgency consider mitigation tools support immediate future, while global climate and/or formulated.

Язык: Английский

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Population Dynamics of Underdominance Gene Drive Systems in Continuous Space

ACS Synthetic Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(4), С. 779 - 792

Опубликована: Март 6, 2020

Underdominance systems can quickly spread through a population, but only when introduced in considerable numbers. This promises gene drive mechanism that is less invasive than homing drives, potentially enabling new approaches the fight against vector-borne diseases. If regional confinement indeed be achieved, decision-making process for release would likely much simpler compared to other, more types of drives. The capacity underdominance target population without invading other populations typically assessed via network models panmictic demes linked by migration. However, it remains clear how such behave realistic where organisms move over continuous landscape. Here, we use individual-based simulations study dynamics several proposed continuous-space. We find all these fail persist environments, even after an initially successful establishment area, confirming previous theoretical results from diffusion theory. At same time, two-locus two-toxin-antidote system invade connected narrow migration corridor. suggests parameter space establish and area while at time remaining confined could quite limited, depending on spatially structured. Overall, indicate spatial context must considered assessing strategies deployment

Язык: Английский

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Genetic approaches for increasing fitness in endangered species

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(4), С. 332 - 345

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Adversarial interspecies relationships facilitate population suppression by gene drive in spatially explicit models

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(7), С. 1174 - 1185

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

Suppression gene drives bias their inheritance to spread through a population, potentially eliminating it when they reach high frequency. CRISPR homing suppression have already seen success in the laboratory, but several models predict that may be elusive population with realistic spatial structure due extinction-recolonization cycles. Here, we extend our continuous space framework include two competing species or predator-prey pairs. We find both general and mosquito-specific models, predators can facilitate drive-based suppression, albeit at cost of an increased rate drive loss outcomes. These results are robust mosquito seasonal fluctuations. Our study illustrates difficulty predicting outcomes complex ecosystems. However, promising for prospects less powerful successfully eliminate target other pest populations.

Язык: Английский

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