Recent synthetic efforts towards high energy density materials: How to design high-performance energetic structures?

FirePhysChem, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2(2), С. 83 - 139

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021

Energetic material is a very essential company of compounds, widely used in various fields, primarily the military industry and space technologies. These compounds are unique that they capable instantly decomposing to release enormous energy. The chemical diversity energetic organic constantly increasing through combination high-nitrogen frameworks explosophoric groups, which follows overall trend interest their chemistry applications. scientific community looking for more powerful less sensitive external impulses both civilian use. Herein, detailed overview regarding classic novel groups frameworks, as well description selected synthesis target has been given time period since 2010. physical properties performances benchmark prospective also collected.

Язык: Английский

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N-Acetonitrile functionalized 3-nitrotriazole: Precursor to nitrogen rich stable and insensitive energetic materials

Energetic Materials Frontiers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(1), С. 8 - 16

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

In the field of energetic materials, prime attention has been given to synthesis environmentally compatible materials having an adequate balance between energy and stability. For this purpose, nitrogen-rich heterocyclic rings have contributed as pivotal frameworks. Nitro-functionalized 1,2,4-triazoles profusely used a constituent for synthesizing high-performing (EMs) due their high nitrogen content, good thermal stability, modifiable sites via functionalization. Combination with different scaffold may provide opportunity accessible tailoring. work, in effort investigate potential 3-nitrotriazoles, its N-acetonitrile derivative 2 was synthesized, which further converted various explosophores. N-methylene-C bridged asymmetrically connected tetrazole (3) 1,2,4-oxadiazole (9 10) based EMs synthesized. Further tuning properties salt formation strategy employed compounds 4–7, 11 12. 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based compound 9 also confirmed X-ray diffraction analysis, 10 analyzed 15N NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 3, 4, 5, 7 exhibited stabilities were found be insensitive towards impact friction. 6, detonation performance comparable conventional explosive TATB.

Язык: Английский

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Physical cross-linked network κ-carrageenan/chitosan/NTO composites: Enhanced energy release efficiency and reduced corrosivity of NTO

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 306, С. 141564 - 141564

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Engaging Two Anions with Single Cation in Energetic Salts: Approach for Optimization of Oxygen Balance in Energetic Materials

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(47), С. 64846 - 64857

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024

The field of high energy density materials faces a long-standing challenge to achieve an optimum balance between and stability. While energetic salt formation via combination oxygen- nitrogen-rich anions (providing energy) with nitrogen-containing cations stability) has been proven approach for improving physical stability, constraints such as lowering performance remain unresolved. This can be addressed by utilizing oxygen-containing formation. However, this is rarely explored because its synthesis challenging. In work, we have designed oxygen-rich cationic precursor

Язык: Английский

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Effect of copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) in the thermal decomposition of modified nitrotriazolone

Materials Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(12), С. 5019 - 5026

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

The reusable and easily separable nano-copper ferrite has been used to study its excellent catalytic behavior for thermolysis of modified nitrotriazolone (NTO), an insensitive energetic material act as oxidizer chemical propulsion systems.

Язык: Английский

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A Review on Chemistry and Methods of Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives

The Chemical Record, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of research on 1,2,4‐triazoles conducted over the last fifteen years. 1,2,4‐Triazoles are highly significant in pharmaceutical industry, with numerous compounds from this class used clinically as antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and antitubercular agents. Beyond their relevance, also explores role material science agriculture. In science, gaining prominence, particularly development energetic materials (EMs), due to exceptional properties such thermal stability, coordination ability, performance comparable well‐known explosives. Their applications extend polymers, corrosion inhibitors, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), they play functional for sensors, catalysis, energy storage. Additionally, addresses general aspects synthetic methodologies functionalization construction 1,2,4‐triazole ring. Synthetic methods discussed include metalation synthesis, cyclization hydrazine derivatives, multicomponent reactions, amides amidines, microwave‐assisted synthesis. Given significance triazole scaffold, its synthesis has garnered considerable attention wide‐ranging across various industrial sectors.

Язык: Английский

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From Nitro- to Heterocycle-Functionalized 1,2,4-Triazol-3-one Derivatives: Achieving High-Performance Insensitive Energetic Compounds

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 87(6), С. 4226 - 4231

Опубликована: Март 3, 2022

5-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, a nitro-functionalized 1,2,4-triazol-3-one (TO) derivative, shows excellent energetic properties and promising application potential. However, the use of TO skeleton as an material is still largely underexplored both theoretically practically. We report here mild efficient method for obtaining via reaction aminocarbohydrazide with BrCN. Two compounds (2 5) were synthesized fully characterized by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance, two-dimensional 1H-15N heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation, single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The mechanism was also studied aid quantum calculations. Compound 2 high-performance insensitive material.

Язык: Английский

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Decomposition of triazole and 3-nitrotriazole upon low-energy electron attachment

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(20), С. 13892 - 13901

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The addition of the NO 2 group to triazole ring promotes efficiency electron attachment. Low-energy electrons decompose molecule at sub-excitation energies.

Язык: Английский

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Biodegradation of the emerging contaminant 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one and its product 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one in perlite/soil columns

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 335, С. 139121 - 139121

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Sensitive electrochemical determination of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) by the gold nanoparticles-decorated glassy carbon and smartphone-integrated screen-printed electrodes based on polyethyleneimine linked with crosslinking agent glutaric dialdehyde

Microchemical Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 204, С. 110968 - 110968

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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